Aqueous two-phase countercurrent distribution for the separation of c-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin from Spirulina platensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yuanqi Feng ◽  
Jiamin Lun
Keyword(s):  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Countercurrent Distribution ◽  
Two Phase

A Device for Countercurrent Distribution of Particles by an Aqueous Polymer Two-Phase System

1978 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 745-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Nakazawa ◽  
Takenori Tanimura ◽  
Zenzo Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Countercurrent Distribution ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Aqueous Polymer

Membrane surface properties of lymphocytes of normal (DBA/2) and autoimmune (NZB/NZW)F1 mice: effects of L-canavanine and a proposed mechanism for diet-induced autoimmune disease

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela E. Prete
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Countercurrent Distribution ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
The Right

Partitioning cells in a dextran polyethylene glycol aqueous two-phase system (countercurrent distribution, CCD) is a sensitive method for learning about cell surface membrane properties and for subfractionating cell populations. In this study, we subjected lymphocytes from normal DBA/2 mice and autoimmune F1 New Zealand black/New Zealand white ((NZB/NZW)F1) mice to countercurrent distribution and found that T cells partition to the right and B cells partition to the left of the CCD curve. We found no difference between the CCD patterns of normal and autoimmune mice. When the murine lymphocytes were exposed to a cationic dietary amino acid (L-canavanine) in vitro, L-canavanine selectively affected the CCD pattern of autoimmune B cells, reflecting an alteration in surface membrane properties. We separated these lymphocytes with altered surface membrane properties by CCD. Impaired B-cell immune responses associated with L-canavanine were isolated to this lymphocyte fraction. This study provides the first evidence that alterations in the charged surface membrane properties are associated with abnormal (auto) immune response.

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