Single and 90-day repeated oral dose toxicity studies of fermented Rhus verniciflua stem bark extract in Sprague–Dawley rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 617-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seo-Ho Shin ◽  
Kyo-Hwan Koo ◽  
Jin-Sook Bae ◽  
Seung-Bum Cha ◽  
In-Soo Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Rhus Verniciflua ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals Antigenotoxic and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Napoleona Vogelii Hook & Planch (Lecythidaceae) In Cyclophosphamide-Induced Genotoxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 866-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ikumawoyi ◽  
Esther Agbaje ◽  
Olufunsho Awodele
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

BACKGROUND: Napoleona vogelii is used in traditional medicine for cancer management.AIM: The study was conducted to evaluate the antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities of methanol stem bark extract of N. vogelii in male Sprague Dawley rats.MATERIALS AND METHOD: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into group 1 (control) administered 10 mL/kg distilled water, groups 2 and 3 were co-administered 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg of N. vogelli and 5 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CPA) respectively for 7 days p.o. Groups 4 and 5 were administered only 5 mg/kg CPA and 200 mg/kg NV respectively.RESULTS: The LD50 oral was greater than 4 g/kg. There were significant (p < 0.0001) increases in plasma enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant enzymes and significant (p < 0.0001) decrease in percentage micronuclei in bone marrow of extract treated rats compared to rats administered 5 mg/kg CPA alone. There was steatosis pointing to cytotoxic injury in the liver of rats co-administered 200 mg/kg NV and 5 mg/kg CPA. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the extract showed the presence of phytol and unsaturated fatty acids.CONCLUSION: N. vogelii possesses antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities associated with the presence of phytochemicals, phytol and unsaturated fatty acids.

The hypotensive mechanisms for the aqueous stem bark extract of Musanga cecropioides in Sprague-Dawley rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Adeneye ◽  
O.P. Ajagbonna ◽  
F.B.O. Mojiminiyi ◽  
I.P. Odigie ◽  
P.D. Ojobor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals Hydroethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Burkea africana Attenuates Vincristine-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yakubu Jibira ◽  
Eric Boakye-Gyasi ◽  
Wonder Kofi Mensah Abotsi ◽  
Isaac Kingsley Amponsah ◽  
Donatus Wewura Adongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Withdrawal Threshold ◽  
Tissue Homogenates ◽  
Peroxidation Product ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Context. The stem bark of the savanna tree Burkea africana (Hook) (family: Leguminosae) is used in the Ghanaian traditional medicine for the management of various pain-related diseases. Objective. This study seeks to investigate the possible antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of the hydroethanolic stem bark extract of B. africana in a vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy model in rats. Materials and Methods. 0.1 mg kg−1 vincristine was administered intraperitoneally for 5 days followed by 2 days break and continued for another 5 days to establish peripheral neuropathy in Sprague Dawley rats. Effects of Burkea africana extract (BAE) (50–1000 mg kg−1, p.o.) and pregabalin (10–100 mg kg−1, i.p.) were assessed on tactile, intermediate, mechanical, cold, and hot allodynia as well as in the Randall–Sellito test. Moreover, the levels of total proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in sciatic nerve tissue homogenates were assayed. Results. BAE (50–1000 mg kg−1p.o.) showed significant antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects similar to pregabalin by increasing paw withdrawal latency and paw withdrawal threshold in all the behavioral tests used. Also, the extract decreased the levels of MDA (a lipid peroxidation product) as well as MPO and caused a significant increase in endogenous antioxidants (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) in tissue homogenates of treated rats. Conclusions. Results from this study indicate that the hydroethanolic stem bark extract of B. africana exhibits antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects in vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats.

Acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity studies of an aqueous stem bark extract of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub (Papilionaceae) in rodents

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Tchamadeu ◽  
P.D.D. Dzeufiet ◽  
P. Nana ◽  
C.C. Kouambou Nouga ◽  
F. Ngueguim Tsofack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Subchronic toxicity studies of aqueous leaf and stem bark extract of Irvingia gabonensis in male albino wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwunonso K. Ezeasor ◽  
Chigozie Chukwuma ◽  
Samuel O. Ekere ◽  
Patrick Abah
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of Methanol stem bark extract of Cadaba farinosa (Forssk) in wistar rats.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
M.L. Umaru ◽  
G.N. Uyaiabasi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Follicular Hyperplasia ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

The study focused on evaluating the toxicity profile of the methanol stem bark extract of Cadaba farinose (Forssk), considering possibilities of adverse effects arising from continual use of herbal plants especially in the management of long-term conditions. Cadaba farinosa is a slender shrub plant widely used traditionally in the treatment of various diseases such as diabetes mellitus, inflammations, rheumatic pains and various infections including skin and intestine both in Africa and India. The acute toxicity study and sub-acute toxicity studies were carried out in Wistar rats using Lorkes Method (1983) and the OECD Guidelines 425. For the sub-acute toxicity studies, twenty rats weighing between 120 and 170g were randomly grouped into 4 groups of 5 rats each. Group 1 (control) received 10ml/kg of distilled water and the others received doses of 40, 200 and 1000mg/kg p.o of extract for 28 days. The acute toxicity revealed no mortality or behavioural signs of toxicity in both phases up to 5000mg/kg. The haematological indices revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the WBC count, MCV and PLT of the groups that received 1000mg/kg of the extract after treatment for 28 days. The liver function test showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in AST and ALT. Renal indices showed a significant decrease in creatinine and a significant increase (p<0.05) in plasma Na+, K+ and Cl- ion concentration across the groups. Histopathological section of the spleen revealed follicular hyperplasia. The results suggest that the plant could be slightly toxic to the liver and the spleen on long-term use.

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