Seedlings from two Agave species differing in microhabitat evolve different tolerance mechanisms to drought and shade under nurse plants

With the development of next generation sequencing technologies in recent years, it has been demonstrated that many human infectious processes, including chronic wounds, cystic fibrosis, and otitis media, are associated with a polymicrobial burden. Research has also demonstrated that polymicrobial infections tend to be associated with treatment failure and worse patient prognoses. Despite the importance of the polymicrobial nature of many infection states, the current clinical standard for determining antimicrobial susceptibility in the clinical laboratory is exclusively performed on unimicrobial suspensions. There is a growing body of research demonstrating that microorganisms in a polymicrobial environment can synergize their activities associated with a variety of outcomes, including changes to their antimicrobial susceptibility through both resistance and tolerance mechanisms. This review highlights the current body of work describing polymicrobial synergism, both inter- and intra-kingdom, impacting antimicrobial susceptibility. Given the importance of polymicrobial synergism in the clinical environment, a new system of determining antimicrobial susceptibility from polymicrobial infections may significantly impact patient treatment and outcomes.

Download Full-text

ARINC653 Channel Robustness Verification Using LeonViP-MC, a LEON4 Multicore Virtual Platform

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10101179 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1179

Author(s):

Jonatan Sánchez ◽

Antonio da Silva ◽

Pablo Parra ◽

Óscar R. Polo ◽

Agustín Martínez Hellín ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fault Tolerance ◽

Architectural Design ◽

Fault Injection ◽

Control Unit ◽

Tolerance Mechanisms ◽

Efficient Data ◽

Instrument Control ◽

Virtual Platform ◽

Hardware Platforms ◽

The University

Multicore hardware platforms are being incorporated into spacecraft on-board systems to achieve faster and more efficient data processing. However, such systems lead to increased complexity in software development and represent a considerable challenge, especially concerning the runtime verification of fault-tolerance requirements. To address the ever-challenging verification of this kind of requirement, we introduce a LEON4 multicore virtual platform called LeonViP-MC. LeonViP-MC is an evolution of a previous development called Leon2ViP, carried out by the Space Research Group of the University of Alcalá (SRG-UAH), which has been successfully used in the development and testing of the flight software of the instrument control unit (ICU) of the energetic particle detector (EPD) on board the Solar Orbiter. This paper describes the LeonViP-MC architectural design decisions oriented towards fault-injection campaigns to verify software fault-tolerance mechanisms. To validate the simulator, we developed an ARINC653 communications channel that incorporates fault-tolerance mechanisms and is currently being used to develop a hypervisor level for the GR740 platform.

Download Full-text

Tolerance mechanisms in maize identified through phenotyping and transcriptome analysis in response to water deficit stress

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants ◽

10.1007/s12298-021-01003-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mandapaka Maheswari ◽

Yellisetty Varalaxmi ◽

Basudeb Sarkar ◽

Nakka Ravikumar ◽

Maddi Vanaja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Deficit ◽

Transcriptome Analysis ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Tolerance Mechanisms ◽

Response To Water

Download Full-text

Erratum to: Hyperaccumulation of trace elements: from uptake and tolerance mechanisms to litter decomposition; selenium as an example

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/s11104-010-0636-3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 341 (1-2) ◽

pp. 37-37

Author(s):

Juan Barceló ◽

Charlotte Poschenrieder

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Litter Decomposition ◽

Tolerance Mechanisms

Download Full-text

Transporters and Efflux Pumps Are the Main Mechanisms Involved in Staphylococcus epidermidis Adaptation and Tolerance to Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8030344 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 344 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Urška Ribič ◽

Jernej Jakše ◽

Nataša Toplak ◽

Simon Koren ◽

Minka Kovač ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Thioredoxin Reductase ◽

Multidrug Transporter ◽

Acid Biosynthesis ◽

Tolerance Mechanisms ◽

Down Regulation ◽

Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride ◽

First Time

Staphylococcus epidermidis cleanroom strains are often exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of disinfectants, including didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC). Consequently, they can adapt or even become tolerant to them. RNA-sequencing was used to investigate adaptation and tolerance mechanisms of S. epidermidis cleanroom strains (SE11, SE18), with S. epidermidis SE11Ad adapted and S. epidermidis SE18To tolerant to DDAC. Adaptation to DDAC was identified with up-regulation of genes mainly involved in transport (thioredoxin reductase [pstS], the arsenic efflux pump [gene ID, SE0334], sugar phosphate antiporter [uhpT]), while down-regulation was seen for the Agr system (agrA, arC, agrD, psm, SE1543), for enhanced biofilm formation. Tolerance to DDAC revealed the up-regulation of genes associated with transporters (L-cysteine transport [tcyB]; uracil permease [SE0875]; multidrug transporter [lmrP]; arsenic efflux pump [arsB]); the down-regulation of genes involved in amino-acid biosynthesis (lysine [dapE]; histidine [hisA]; methionine [metC]), and an enzyme involved in peptidoglycan, and therefore cell wall modifications (alanine racemase [SE1079]). We show for the first time the differentially expressed genes in DDAC-adapted and DDAC-tolerant S. epidermidis strains, which highlight the complexity of the responses through the involvement of different mechanisms.

Download Full-text