Changes in glycosylation patterns of monoterpenes during grape berry maturation in six cultivars of Vitis vinifera

The molecular regulation of stilbene phytoalexin biosynthesis in developing Vitis vinifera L. grape berries was investigated using a UV induction system. Berries were collected at 1, 5, 10 and 16 weeks post-flowering from the cultivars Shiraz, Semillon, Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay and the skins analysed for resveratrol production following irradiation with UV-C light. The rate and maximal level of resveratrol accumulation increased markedly in berries sampled from 1–5 weeks post-flowering and then dramatically declined in maturing berries sampled from 10–16 weeks post-flowering in all cultivars. In berries sampled at 1 and 5 weeks post-flowering, maximal levels of resveratrol accumulation were recorded at incubation periods of 24 and 48 h respectively whereas maximal resveratrol levels were not recorded in week 16 berry skins until 72 h after UV-treatment. Gene expression analysis indicated that stilbene synthase (STS) mRNA accumulated within 4–8 h of UV treatment in berries sampled at 1 and 5 weeks post-flowering, but did not increase in week 16 berries until 24–48 h following UV-irradiation. Furthermore, the overall level of STS gene expression declined in berries sampled 10–16 weeks post-flowering. The results demonstrate that inducible stilbene accumulation in ripening grape berries is highly regulated at the level of STS gene transcription. This decline in inducible STS gene expression may be a major factor contributing to the increased susceptibility of ripening grape berries to Botrytis cinerea infection.

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The Vacuolar Localization of Grapevine Peroxidase Isoenzymes Capable of Oxidizing 4-Hydroxystilbenes

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1992-3-409 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 47 (3-4) ◽

pp. 215-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Antonio A. Calderón ◽

E. García-Florenciano ◽

María A. Pedreño ◽

Romualdo Muñoz ◽

A. Ros Barceló

Keyword(s):

Subcellular Localization ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Grape Berry ◽

Soluble Form ◽

In Planta ◽

Production Potential ◽

Peroxidase Isoenzymes ◽

N Accumulation

Keywords A study of the subcellular localization of peroxidase isoenzymes capable of oxidizing 4-hydroxystilbenes to viniferin-type compounds has been carried out in cultured cells derived from Vitis vinifera cv. Gamay berries. The study revealed that these isoenzymes are apparently located, in soluble form, in the vacuolar sap and are strongly inhibited by vacuolar anthocyani( di)ns in the concentration range found in planta. These results suggest that the inhibition of the 4-HS peroxidase system in vacuoles, as a consequence of anthocyani(di)n accumulation, could be responsible for the loss of viniferin production potential which accompanies grape berry veraison.

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A Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase from Vitis vinifera L.: functional characterization and expression during grape berry development in relation to C13-norisoprenoid accumulation

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/eri265 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 56 (420) ◽

pp. 2721-2731 ◽

Cited By ~ 143

Author(s):

Sandrine Mathieu ◽

Nancy Terrier ◽

Jérôme Procureur ◽

Frédéric Bigey ◽

Ziya Günata

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Grape Berry ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase ◽

Berry Development

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Transcriptome analysis at four developmental stages of grape berry (Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz) provides insights into regulated and coordinated gene expression

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/1471-2164-13-691 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 691 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

Crystal Sweetman ◽

Darren CJ Wong ◽

Christopher M Ford ◽

Damian P Drew

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Transcriptome Analysis ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Grape Berry

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Development of the grape berry. II. Changes in diameter and deformability during veraison

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9800499 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 499 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

BG Coombe ◽

GR Bishop

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Grape Berry ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Sudden Increase ◽

Median Difference ◽

Diurnal Fluctuations

Berries of Vitis vinifera, cvv. Muscat Gordo Blanco and Doradillo, were measured at close intervals (during the day or daily) sequentially while on the vine. Measurements of berry diameter and deformability showed that : (a) There were large diurnal fluctuations due to a decrease in diameter and an increase in softening during the day, both recovering by nightfall. (b) There was a prolonged and steady increase in diameter of 0.043 mm day-1, which was ended by a spurt of growth (an increase of about 0.25 mm during one day), followed then by a second prolonged increase at a new rate of 0.090 mm day-1. (c) Softening, as revealed by deformability, which was initially low, was heralded by a sudden increase followed by a steady daily increase for more than a week. (d) The increase in deformability usually, though not always, preceded the increase in diameter, the median difference being 6 days. (e) There was no evidence of a relationship between the time of softening and vascular proximity of berries on the bunch.

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