Ecological niches of tree species drive variability in conifer regeneration abundance following fuels treatments

(1) Due to global warming, distribution ranges of temperate tree species are shifting northwards and upslope to cooler areas. Shifts in distribution first become visible through changes in regeneration dynamics. However, the future distribution of tree species in the face of rapid climate change depends not only on the climatic suitability of the tree species, but also on its ability to disperse into new habitats. The aim of the study was therefore to examine how the distribution of European beech and European oak shifts and how species can spread from fragmented seed trees. (2) In order to investigate the shift in distribution of beech and oak, the bioclimatic envelopes of the old trees and different size classes of the natural regeneration were compared. Subsequently, a simulation of the potential distribution for the present climate, as well as for the climate for the reference period 2091–2100, for three different representative concentration pathways (RCP) scenarios was determined. In order to determine which of these areas can actually be colonised, a dispersal potential for the species was determined using a quantile regression, taking habitat fragmentation into account. (3) The results of the present study demonstrate range shifts of the tree species regeneration distribution (B0, B1 and B2) compared to the overstorey distribution (OST). While oak regeneration shows an expansion of its distribution in the cold-wet range, beech regeneration shows a reduction of its distribution in the dry-warm range. As the dispersal potential of oak exceeds that of beech, it is expected that oak will be better able to spread from fragmented seed trees. However, the results also indicate that many areas, despite climatic suitability, cannot be colonised due to too large dispersal distances. (4) For the forest management, this results in an important planning tool for future tree species composition, as climatic suitability, habitat connectivity and dispersal ability are taken into account.

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Mycorrhizal symbiosis of alien and invasive tree species

Forest Research Papers ◽

10.2478/frp-2020-0005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Robin Wilgan

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽

Ecological Niches ◽

Native Forest ◽

Alien Plant ◽

Species Invasions ◽

Invasive Tree ◽

Invasive Tree Species ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe introduction of alien tree species has become a world wide phenomenon over the last centuries and the cultivation of these species is an economically important branch of forestry in many countries. However, the cultivation of alien plant species poses the threat of introducing potentially invasive species, both trees and its mutualistic symbionts, such as mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal fungi are obligatory symbionts and a key element in the proper development and functioning of trees. It is thought that mycorrhizal fungi may also profoundly influence the invasiveness of alien tree species worldwide, with the proper fungal species acting as a driver to make this invasion possible. Co-invasion of alien trees and its mutualistic symbionts are well-known in the case of pines and co-invading ectomycorrhizal fungi in the southern hemisphere.Invasive tree species constitute a major ecological and economic problem through intense competition and modification of local habitats leading to a decline in biodiversity and potentially threatening many rare, native and endangered species, including fungi. Despite the fundamental role that fungi have in the functioning of forests, the impact alien tree species could have on mycorrhizal fungi in native forest ecosystems has not received much attention.Understanding the relationships between mycorrhizal fungi and alien tree species can allow us to better predict and counter- act alien species invasions, which is necessary in order to maintain biodiversity and preserve native ecosystems. On top of that, climate change could threaten some European tree species and thus free ecological niches for other species, like alien, invasive or potentially invasive trees.

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Purification of plasma membranes from leaves of conifer and deciduous tree species by phase partitioning and free-flow electrophoresis

Physiologia Plantarum ◽

10.1034/j.1399-3054.1995.950310.x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 399-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Toll ◽

Federico J. Castillo ◽

Pierre Crespi ◽

Michele Crevecoeur ◽

Hubert Greppin

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Plasma Membranes ◽

Free Flow ◽

Deciduous Tree ◽

Phase Partitioning

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Morphological and physiological responses of two savanna tree species to grass competiton

10.32469/10355/59871 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin Luke Ketter

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Physiological Responses

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Biscogniauxia (Hypoxylon) Canker or Dieback in Trees

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-fr407-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Claudia Paez ◽

Jason A. Smith

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Tree Species ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Root Disease ◽

Poor Health ◽

Green Spaces ◽

Opportunistic Pathogens ◽

Wide Range ◽

Quercus Spp

Biscogniauxia canker or dieback (formerly called Hypoxylon canker or dieback) is a common contributor to poor health and decay in a wide range of tree species (Balbalian & Henn 2014). This disease is caused by several species of fungi in the genus Biscogniauxia (formerly Hypoxylon). B. atropunctata or B. mediterranea are usually the species found on Quercus spp. and other hosts in Florida, affecting trees growing in many different habitats, such as forests, parks, green spaces and urban areas (McBride & Appel, 2009). Typically, species of Biscogniauxia are opportunistic pathogens that do not affect healthy and vigorous trees; some species are more virulent than others. However, once they infect trees under stress (water stress, root disease, soil compaction, construction damage etc.) they can quickly colonize the host. Once a tree is infected and fruiting structures of the fungus are evident, the tree is not likely to survive especially if the infection is in the tree's trunk (Anderson et al., 1995).

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Investigating the feeding preferences of adult Leuctra inermis, for the pollen of typical riparian tree species

Biology & Environment Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy ◽

10.3318/bioe.2020.19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 120B (3) ◽

pp. 203

Author(s):

Mc Conigley ◽

Lally ◽

Kelly-Quinn

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Feeding Preferences ◽

Riparian Tree

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Climate resilience through natural regeneration in degraded natural forests of south-eastern hilly region of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v48i3.47720 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 417-425

Author(s):

Md Khayrul Alam Bhuiyan ◽

Md Akhter Hossain ◽

Abdul Kadir Ibne Kamal ◽

Mohammed Kamal Hossain ◽

Mohammed Jashimuddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Natural Regeneration ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Quantitative Structure ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Climate Resilience ◽

Hilly Region ◽

Major Cluster ◽

Ecological Dominance

A study was conducted by using 5m × 5m sized 179 quadrates following multistage random sampling method for comparative regenerating tree species, quantitative structure, diversity, similarity and climate resilience in the degraded natural forests and plantations of Cox's Bazar North and South Forest Divisions. A total of 70 regenerating tree species were recorded representing maximum (47 species) from degraded natural forests followed by 43 species from 0.5 year 39 species from 1.5 year and 29 species from 2.5 year old plantations. Quantitative structure relating to ecological dominance indicated dominance of Acacia auriculiformis, Grewia nervosa and Lithocarpus elegans seedlings in the plantations whereas seedlings of Aporosa wallichii, Suregada multiflora and Grewia nervosa in degraded natural forests. The degraded natural forests possess higher natural regeneration potential as showed by different diversity indices. The dominance-based cluster analysis showed 2 major cluster of species under one of which multiple sub-clusters of species exists. Poor plant diversity and presence of regenerating exotic species in the plantations indicated poor climate resilience of forest ecosystem in terms of natural regeneration.

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