Governmental regulation and nongovernmental certification of forests in the tropics: Policy, execution, uptake, and overlap in Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Nicaragua

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen McGinley ◽  
Frederick W. Cubbage
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Governmental Regulation ◽  
The Tropics

scholarly journals Detección de la presencia del ácaro (Aculops lycopersici) causante del bronceamiento del tomate (Lycoprsicon esculentum) en El Salvador, América Central

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Serrano Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Taxonomic Identification ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Aculops Lycopersici ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
First Time

In October 1989, microscopic specimens of (acaros) with symptoms of browning and plant mortality in young and older tomato plants from various locations in El Salvador were sent tó the entomologist Ing. Ronald Ochoa from Costa Rica. lng. Ronald Ochoa is associated with the Diagnostics Network of the Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigation y Enseñanza (CATlE) based in Turrialba, Costa Rica. Microscopic examination of this material confirmed the taxonomic identification as Aculops lycopersici (Acariformes: Eriophyidae), suspected since May 1988 with the first observation and collection of samples. Abrief review of literature and a phone conversation with the specialist who identified the material, permits reporting for the first time of the presence of this species in El Salvador. This finding is a warning about this pest which could be apotential problem in the tropics of Central America. This paper discusses personal observations of some of the characteristics, habits and appearances of this species, small experiments, and it includes a review of literature pertinent to this subject

scholarly journals Partitioning Inorganic Carbon Fluxes from Paired O2 - CO2 Gas Measurements in a Neotropical Headwater Stream, Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas S. Marzolf ◽  
Gaston E. Small ◽  
Diana Oviedo-Vargas ◽  
Carissa N. Ganong ◽  
John H. Duff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Headwater Streams ◽  
Headwater Stream ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Stream Metabolism ◽  
Temperate Streams ◽  
C Cycle ◽  
Terrestrial Inputs ◽  
Gas Measurements ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract The role of rivers and streams in the global carbon (C) cycle remains unconstrained, especially in headwater streams where CO2 evasion (FCO2) to the atmosphere is high. Stream C cycling is understudied in the tropics compared to temperate streams, and tropical streams may have among the highest FCO2 due to higher temperatures, continuous organic matter inputs, and high respiration rates both in-stream and in surrounding soils. In this paper, we present paired in-stream O2 and CO2 sensor data from a headwater stream in a lowland rainforest in Costa Rica to explore temporal variability in ecosystem processes. Further, we estimate groundwater CO2 inputs (GWCO2) from riparian well CO2 measurements and assess all fluxes to examine the relative contributions of sinks and sources of dissolved inorganic C (DIC) to a headwater stream. Paired O2 - CO2 data reveal stream CO2 supersaturation driven by groundwater CO2 inputs and large in-stream production of CO2. Areal fluxes in our study reach show FCO2 is supported by both GWCO2 inputs and in-stream metabolism and the seasonality in GWCO2 reflects the hydrology of the site. Using a mass balance approach, we show FCO2 is the dominant loss of DIC from the stream, greater than dissolved exports, and is sustained by both internal production of DIC and terrestrial inputs of DIC. Our results underscore the importance of tropical headwater streams as large contributors of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere among inland waters and show of this C derives from both in-stream and terrestrial sources.

scholarly journals Tagalis inornata cubensis McAtee & Malloch (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Saicinae): First record from the continental United States

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1912 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT L. BLINN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
New World ◽  
First Record ◽  
British Guiana ◽  
The Tropics

The New World genus Tagalis Stål is widely distributed in the tropics, being known from only three species: T. seminigra Champion from British Guiana, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela; T. inornata Stål from Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatamala, Granada, Mexico, Panama, and Peru; and T. femorata Melo from Peru. McAtee & Malloch (1923) provided a key to the species known at the time separating T. inornata Stål into two subspecies, the nominate subspecies and T. inornata cubensis, from Cuba. Maldonado (1986) recorded T. inornata cubensis from Puerto Rico. More recently Melo (2008) described T. femorata and provided a key to the three species.

Land use change and carbon exchange in the tropics: I. Detailed estimates for Costa Rica, Panama, Peru, and Bolivia

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. S. Hall ◽  
R. P. Detwiler ◽  
Philip Bogdonoff ◽  
Sheila Underhill
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Carbon Exchange ◽  
The Tropics

Nutritional management of dual-purpose youngstock in Costa Rica 1. A dynamic characterisation of management intensity and productive orientation

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
C. Solano ◽  
E. Perez ◽  
B. Vargas ◽  
M. Herrero
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Sustainable Resource Management ◽  
Management Intensity ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Tropics

Dual-purpose (milk and beef) farms in the tropics are characterised by 1) a high variability of nutritional management systems, and 2) their flexibility to adapt to changing conditions. An appropriate characterisation and classification of these systems is necessary to determine efficient and sustainable resource management strategies according to the different goals or productive orientation of the farms. A prospective study for characterising the nutritional management systems of dual purpose farms in Costa Rica was carried out. The dynamics of the farms, in terms of management intensity and productive orientation, are described and discussed.

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