Calorie Restriction (CR) Protects against Oxidative Stress-induced Muscle Atrophy by Preserving Mitochondrial Function and Muscle Integrity Even in the Absence of Antioxidant Enzyme CuZnSOD

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. S81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Charles Jang ◽  
Michael Lustgarten ◽  
Yuhong Liu ◽  
Holly Van Remmen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Mitochondrial Function

Calorie restriction attenuates inflammatory responses to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (5) ◽  
pp. H2094-H2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chandrasekar ◽  
J. F. Nelson ◽  
J. T. Colston ◽  
G. L. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Dna Binding Activity ◽  
Myocardial Oxidative Stress

The life-prolonging effects of calorie restriction (CR) may be due to reduced damage from cumulative oxidative stress. Our goal was to determine the long-term effects of moderate dietary CR on the myocardial response to reperfusion after a single episode of sublethal ischemia. Male Fisher 344 rats were fed either an ad libitum (AL) or CR (40% less calories) diet. At age 12 mo the animals were anaesthetized and subjected to thoracotomy and a 15-min left-anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. The hearts were reperfused for various periods. GSH and GSSG levels, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) DNA binding activity, cytokine, and antioxidant enzyme expression were assessed in the ischemic zones. Sham-operated animals served as controls. Compared with the AL diet, chronic CR limited oxidative stress as seen by rapid recovery in GSH levels in previously ischemic myocardium. CR reduced DNA binding activity of NF-κB. The κB-responsive cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were transiently expressed in the CR group but persisted longer in the AL group. Furthermore, expression of manganese superoxide dismutase, a key antioxidant enzyme, was significantly delayed in the AL group. Collectively these data indicate that CR significantly attenuates myocardial oxidative stress and the postischemic inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Curcumin Acts as a Chemosensitizer for Leiomyosarcoma Cells In Vitro But Fails to Mediate Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Cisplatin-Induced Experimental Nephrotoxicity in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153473541987281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irida Dhima ◽  
Stelios Zerikiotis ◽  
Panagiotis Lekkas ◽  
Yannis V. Simos ◽  
Maria Gkiouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Dose Finding ◽  
In Vivo Model

Background. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various cancers. Although it represents an effective regimen, its application is accompanied by side effects to normal tissues, especially to the kidneys. Cisplatin generates free radicals and impairs the function of antioxidant enzymes. Modulation of cisplatin-induced oxidative stress by specific antioxidant molecules represents an attractive approach to minimize side effects. Methods. We studied the ability of curcumin to sensitize leiomyosarcoma (LMS) cells to cisplatin. Assays for cell proliferation, mitochondrial function, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest were performed using various concentrations of cisplatin and a concentration of curcumin that caused a nonsignificant reduction in cell viability. Moreover, the effect of curcumin was examined against cisplatin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity. Renal injury was assessed by measuring serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and the kidney’s relative weight. Oxidative stress was measured by means of enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the rats’ blood and malondialdehyde levels in rats’ urine. Results. In our study, we found that curcumin sensitizes LMS cells to cisplatin by enhancing apoptosis and impairing mitochondrial function. In an in vivo model of cisplatin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity, intraperitoneal administration of curcumin failed to preserve blood’s antioxidant enzyme activity and decrease lipid peroxidation. Nevertheless, curcumin was able to protect nephrons’ histology from cisplatin’s toxic effect. Conclusion. Our results showed that curcumin can act as chemosensitizer, but its role as an adjunctive cisplatin-induced oxidative stress inhibitor requires further dose-finding studies to maximize the effectiveness of chemotherapy.

scholarly journals MnSOD deficiency results in elevated oxidative stress and decreased mitochondrial function but does not lead to muscle atrophy during aging

Aging Cell ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Lustgarten ◽  
Youngmok C. Jang ◽  
Yuhong Liu ◽  
Wenbo Qi ◽  
Yuejuan Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Mitochondrial Function

The Dinitrophenol and Potassium Iodate Influence on Hordeum Vulgare Seedlings Viability\

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2160-2166
Author(s):  
Elena Todirascu Ciornea ◽  
Gabriela Dumitru ◽  
Ion Sandu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Oxidative Stress Enzymes ◽  
Stress Enzymes ◽  
Seeds Germination

The using of the pesticides of dinitrophenol type in agriculture has as consequence the major pollution of the environment, the plants taking these substances from the soil and once with these ones they reach in the human and animal organism where they product disequilibrium that are interpreted through the accumulation of free oxygen radicals with direct repercussions on the antioxidant enzyme�s synthesis intensification and on their activity�s increase. The apply of treatments on the barley seeds had significant effects regarding the seeds� germination, the young plants� growth, the oxidative stress enzymes� activity, but also regarding the content of photoassimilators and carotenoids pigments.

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