Steam reforming of raw bio-oil over Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3: Influence of temperature on product yields and catalyst deactivation

Fuel ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 463-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Valle ◽  
Borja Aramburu ◽  
Martin Olazar ◽  
Javier Bilbao ◽  
Ana G. Gayubo
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Product Yields ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

scholarly journals Hydrogen Generation from Catalytic Steam Reforming Bio-Oil Model Compound—Acetic Acid Employing Ni/attapulgite Catalysts Prepared with Different Preparation Methods

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yishuang Wang ◽  
Mingqiang Chen ◽  
Tian Liang ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Zhonglian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming

In this research, catalytic steam reforming acetic acid derived from the aqueous portion of bio-oil for hydrogen production was investigated by using different Ni/ATC (Attapulgite Clay) catalysts prepared by precipitation, impregnation and mechanical blending methods. The fresh and reduced catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, TEM and H2-TPR. The comprehensive results demonstrated that the interaction between active metallic Ni and ATC carrier was significantly improved in Ni/ATC catalyst prepared by precipitation method, and in which the mean Ni particle size was the smallest (~13 nm) resulted in the highest metal dispersion (7.5%). The catalytic performance of the three catalysts was evaluated through the process of steam reforming of acetic acid in a fixed-bed reactor under atmospheric pressure at two different temperatures, such as 550 ℃ and 650 ℃. Results showed that the Ni/ATC (PM-N/ATC) prepared by precipitation method, achieved the highest H2 yield of ~82% and little lower acetic acid conversion efficiency of ~85% than that (~95%) of Ni/ATC (IM-NATC) prepared by impregnation method. In addition, the deactivation catalysts after reaction for 4 h were analyzed by XRD, TGA-DTG and TEM, which demonstrated that the catalyst deactivation was not caused by the amount of carbon deposition, but owed to the significant agglomeration and sintering of Ni particles in the carrier.

Operating conditions for attenuating Ni/La2O3–αAl2O3 catalyst deactivation in the steam reforming of bio-oil aqueous fraction

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aingeru Remiro ◽  
Beatriz Valle ◽  
A.T. Aguayo ◽  
Javier Bilbao ◽  
Ana G. Gayubo
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Bio Oil

Kinetic model considering catalyst deactivation for the steam reforming of bio-oil over Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3

2018 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 192-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana G. Gayubo ◽  
Beatriz Valle ◽  
Borja Aramburu ◽  
Carolina Montero ◽  
Javier Bilbao
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Bio Oil

The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

The Influence of Temperature on Successful Reproductions of Burbot, Lota Lota (L.) Under Hatchery Conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Żarski ◽  
Dariusz Kucharczyk ◽  
Wojciech Sasinowski ◽  
Katarzyna Targońska ◽  
Andrzej Mamcarz
Keyword(s):  
Lota Lota ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On
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