Hydrogen Generation from Catalytic Steam Reforming Bio-Oil Model Compound—Acetic Acid Employing Ni/attapulgite Catalysts Prepared with Different Preparation Methods

In this research, catalytic steam reforming acetic acid derived from the aqueous portion of bio-oil for hydrogen production was investigated by using different Ni/ATC (Attapulgite Clay) catalysts prepared by precipitation, impregnation and mechanical blending methods. The fresh and reduced catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, TEM and H2-TPR. The comprehensive results demonstrated that the interaction between active metallic Ni and ATC carrier was significantly improved in Ni/ATC catalyst prepared by precipitation method, and in which the mean Ni particle size was the smallest (~13 nm) resulted in the highest metal dispersion (7.5%). The catalytic performance of the three catalysts was evaluated through the process of steam reforming of acetic acid in a fixed-bed reactor under atmospheric pressure at two different temperatures, such as 550 ℃ and 650 ℃. Results showed that the Ni/ATC (PM-N/ATC) prepared by precipitation method, achieved the highest H2 yield of ~82% and little lower acetic acid conversion efficiency of ~85% than that (~95%) of Ni/ATC (IM-NATC) prepared by impregnation method. In addition, the deactivation catalysts after reaction for 4 h were analyzed by XRD, TGA-DTG and TEM, which demonstrated that the catalyst deactivation was not caused by the amount of carbon deposition, but owed to the significant agglomeration and sintering of Ni particles in the carrier.

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The Preparation Conditions of Catalyst for Steam Reforming of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2231 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 347-353 ◽

pp. 2231-2235 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ping Lan ◽

Li Hong Lan ◽

Tao Xie ◽

An Ping Liao

Keyword(s):

Calcination Temperature ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Active Agent ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Hydrogen Yield ◽

Preparation Conditions ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Renewable Hydrogen ◽

Catalytic Steam Reforming

Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil is an economically feasible route producing renewable hydrogen. Ni/MgO-La2O3-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared with Ni as active agent, Al2O3 as support and MgO, La2O3 as promoters. The experiments were carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The content of Ni, calcination temperature, and calcinations time, were investigated with hydrogen yield as index. The optimal preparation conditions were concluded as follows: the Ni content 18%, the calcination temperature 8500C and the calcinations time 6 h.

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Hydrogen production via catalytic steam reforming of fast pyrolysis bio-oil in a two-stage fixed bed reactor system

Fuel Processing Technology ◽

10.1016/j.fuproc.2008.05.018 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 89 (12) ◽

pp. 1306-1316 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

C. Wu ◽

Q. Huang ◽

M. Sui ◽

Y. Yan ◽

F. Wang

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Reactor System ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Two Stage ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Catalytic Steam Reforming

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Hydrogen Production from Acetic Acid Steam Reforming over Bimetallic Ni-Co on La2O3 Catalyst-Effect of the Catalyst Dilution

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.493.39 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 493 ◽

pp. 39-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah ◽

Walid Nabgan ◽

Mohd Johari Kamaruddin ◽

Ramli Mat ◽

Anwar Johari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Hydrogen Production ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Bimetallic Catalysts ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Product Gas ◽

Catalyst Effect ◽

Catalytic Steam Reforming

Catalytic steam reforming of acetic acid using bimetallic catalysts of 5 wt.% nickel and 5 wt.% cobalt supported on Lanthanum (III) oxide (La2O3) for hydrogen production was investigated in a micro fixed bed reactor. The reactor was of quartz tube with a 10 mm inside diameter. The effect of catalyst dilution on the reaction was studied. Silicon carbide was used as the dilution material. The experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure and temperatures ranging from 500 to 700°C. The complete conversion of acetic acid to product gases has been observed at 550°C and 700°C for diluted and non-diluted catalysts respectively. It shows that catalyst dilution had a profound effect on the conversion of acetic acid at low temperature (550°C) whilst high temperature of 700°C was required for the non-diluted catalyst. The product gas distributions are similar when using both diluted and non-diluted catalysts.

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Steam Reforming of Model Compounds from Bio-Oil for Hydrogen Production over Pd/HZSM-5 Catalyst

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.558 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 550-553 ◽

pp. 558-562

Author(s):

Qi Wang ◽

Long Guo ◽

Xin Bao Li

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Hydrogen Yield ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Wet Impregnation ◽

Product Gas ◽

Bio Oil ◽

H2 Yield

Ethanol was selected as a model compound of bio-oil. Pd/HZSM-5 catalyst with 5%wt Pd was prepared by wet impregnation method. The steam reforming experiment for hydrogen production was carried out on a fixed bed reactor. The carbon conversion, carbon selectivity of product gas and H2 yield was calculated according the experimental resultsl. It has been found that the best performance was obtained at T=700°C, S/C=9.2 and GC1HSV=346h-1. At this condition, the hydrogen yield and potential hydrogen yield can be as high as 58.1% and 84.3%. The results show that the addition of Pd to HZSM-5 can improve the reforming performance and increase the hydrogen yield.

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Catalytic Steam Reforming of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil in Fixed Bed and Fluidized Bed Reactors

Chemical Engineering & Technology ◽

10.1002/ceat.201000169 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 33 (12) ◽

pp. 2021-2028 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

P. Lan ◽

Q. Xu ◽

M. Zhou ◽

L. Lan ◽

S. Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactors ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Catalytic Steam Reforming

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Catalytic Steam Reforming of Glycerol Over Cerium and Palladium-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology ◽

10.1115/1.4023687 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ali Ebshish ◽

Zahira Yaakob ◽

Y. H. Taufiq-Yap ◽

Ahmed Bshish ◽

Abdulmajid Shaibani

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Hydrogen Production ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Catalytic Reactions ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Hydrogen Yield ◽

Water Mixture ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Catalytic Steam Reforming ◽

Total Average

In this work, catalytic steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production was performed over Ce/Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3 catalysts prepared via the impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two sets of catalytic reactions were conducted, one comparing 1% Pd/Al2O3 to 1% Ce/Al2O3 and the second comparing 1% Ce/Al2O3 loading to 10% Ce/Al2O3 loading. All catalytic reactions were performed using a fixed-bed reactor operated at 600 °C and atmospheric pressure. Aglycerol–water mixture at a molar ratio of 1:6 was fed to the reactor at 0.05 ml/min. In the first set of experiments, Pd/Al2O3 exhibited higher hydrogen productivity than Ce/Al2O3. A maximum hydrogen yield of 56% and a maximum selectivity of 78.7% were achieved over the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst. For the second set of experiments, the results show that the reaction conversion increased as the cerium loading increased from 1% to 10%. A total average hydrogen yield of 28.0% and a selectivity of 45.5% were obtained over 1% Ce/Al2O3, while the total average hydrogen yield and selectivity were 42.2% and 52.7%, respectively, for 10% Ce/Al2O3.

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Hydrogen Generation from Catalytic Steam Reforming of Acetic Acid by Ni/Attapulgite Catalysts

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal6110172 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 172 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Yishuang Wang ◽

Mingqiang Chen ◽

Tian Liang ◽

Zhonglian Yang ◽

Jie Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Hydrogen Generation ◽

Catalytic Steam Reforming

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Steam Reforming of Model Bio-Oil Aqueous Fraction Using Ni-(Cu, Co, Cr)/SBA-15 Catalysts

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20030512 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 512 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

José A. Calles ◽

Alicia Carrero ◽

Arturo J. Vizcaíno ◽

Lourdes García-Moreno ◽

Pedro J. Megía

Keyword(s):

Steam Reforming ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Carbon Number ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Coke Deposition ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Carbon Filaments

Hydrogen obtained from biomass derivatives is considered a promising alternative to fossil fuels. The aim of this work is to test the viability of Ni-M/SBA-15 (M: Co, Cu, Cr) catalysts for the hydrogen production from bio-oil aqueous fraction reforming. Tests were performed in a fixed-bed reactor at 600 °C and atmospheric pressure. Firstly, the steam reforming (SR) of acetic acid, hydroxyacetone, furfural and phenol, as representative constituents of the bio-oil aqueous fraction, was carried out. Lower reactivity with increasing carbon number and decreasing steam-to-carbon ratio was observed. Coking rate during SR is a consequence of carbon number and aromaticity of the reactant, as well as the steam-to-carbon ratio. However, deactivation also depends on the graphitization degree of carbon filaments, higher in the case of coke formed from phenol. Then, the performance of the Ni-M/SBA-15 catalysts was studied in the reforming of a bio-oil aqueous fraction surrogate containing the four model compounds. Ni-Co/SBA-15 and Ni-Cr/SBA-15 samples were the most active because Co also catalyze the steam reforming reactions and Cr promotes the formation of very small Ni crystallites accounting for high conversion and the low coke deposition (~8 times lower than Ni/SBA-15) in the form of poorly condensed carbon filaments.

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