Gasification and structural behaviour of different carbon sources and resultant chars from rapid devolatilization for HIsarna alternative ironmaking process

The safety and efficacy of a drug is based on its metabolism or metabolite formed. The metabolism of drugs can be studied by different in vitro models, among which microbial model became popular. In the present study, eight microbes were screened for their ability to metabolize phenobarbital in a manner comparable to humans with a model to develop alternative systems to study human drug metabolism. Among the different microbes screened, a filamentous fungi Rhizopus stolonifer metabolized phenobarbital to its metabolite which is used for further pharmacological and toxicological studies. The transformation of phenobarbital was identified by high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Interestingly, Rhizopus stolonifer sample showed an extra metabolite peak at 3.11min. compared to its controls. The influence of different carbon sources in media used for growth of fungus, on metabolite production was studied, to find its effect in production of metabolite as the carbon source may influence the growth of the cell.

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Pyridine Degradation by Suspensions and Biofilms of Achromobacter pulmonis PNOS and Burkholderia dolosa BOS Strains Isolated from Activated Sludge of Sewage Treatment Plants

Biotekhnologiya ◽

10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-2-86-98 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 86-98

Author(s):

A.A. Sergeeva ◽

G.V. Ovechkina ◽

A.Yu. Maksimov

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Mining Institute ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Federal Research ◽

Registration Number ◽

Treatment Facilities ◽

Pyridine Degradation

Bacterial strains capable of degradation of 0.8-15.8 g/1 pyridine hydrochloride have been isolated from activated sludge of municipal biological treatment plants in Perm (BOS) and local treatment facilities of the LUKOIL-Permnefteorgsintez enterprise (PNOS). The strains were identified as Achromobacter pulmonis and Burkholderia dolosa. The optimal pyridine concentration for the growth of the isolated strains was 4.0 g/1. The pyridine degradation during the A. pulmonis PNOS and B. dolosa BOS cultivation on a medium with ammonium chloride and glucose and without additional nitrogen or carbon sources was studied. It was shown that the strains are able to accumulate biomass in a medium with pyridine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source; the addition of glucose to the medium (1 g/L) accelerated the pyridine degradation by A. pulmonis PNOS, but inhibited the process carried out by B. dolosa BOS. B. dolosa BOS and A. pulmonis PNOS biofilms efficiently utilized pyridine during growth on basalt and carbon fibers; the highest rate of pyridine utilization (1.8 g /(L day)) was observed in A. pulmonis PNOS biofilms on basalt fibers. pyridine, biodegradation, activated sludge, biofilms, Achromobacter pulmonis, Burkholderia dolosa The authors grateful to Dr. I.I. Tchaikovsky, Head of the Laboratory of Geology of Mineral Deposits of the Mining Institute, a branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, for help with electron microscopy of the samples. This work was carried out as part of a state assignment on the topic « Study of the Functional and Species Diversity of Microorganisms Useful for Ecocenoses and Human Practical Activity», registration number R&D AAAA-A19-119112290008-4.

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Influence of Carbon Sources and Amino Acids on in vitro Propagation of Four Citrus Rootstocks

Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.21608/ajas.2016.2068 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 151-164

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

In Vitro Propagation ◽

Carbon Sources

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Denitrification in a Carbon and Nitrogen Removal System for Leachate Treatment: Performance of a Upflow Sludge Blanket (USB) Reactor

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1999.0407 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (8) ◽

pp. 145-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Liliana Borzacconi ◽

Gisela Ottonello ◽

Elena Castelló ◽

Heber Pelaez ◽

Augusto Gazzola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Complete System ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Uasb Reactor ◽

Leachate Treatment ◽

N Removal ◽

Start Up ◽

Aerobic Reactor ◽

C And N ◽

Reactor Operating ◽

Removal System

The performance of a bench scale upflow sludge bed (USB) denitrifying reactor was evaluated in order to integrate it into a C and N removal system for Sanitary Landfill Leachate. The raw leachate used presented COD and NH4-N average values of 30000 mg/l and 1000 mg/l, respectively. The complete system comprises in addition an UASB reactor and a nitrifying RBC. A portion of the aerobic reactor effluent was recycled into the denitrification stage and some raw leachate was also added as an additional C source. In order to obtain operating parameters the denitrifying reactor was operated alone. Sludge from an aerobic reactor (RBC) treating raw leachate was used as inoculum. Shortly after the start up, good granulation of the sludge bed was observed. Using raw leachate and UASB outlet as carbon sources with COD/NO3-N ratios of 4 and 12, respectively, denitrification efficiencies of about 90% were reached. A sludge yield of 0.16 gVSS/gCODremoved was obtained operating with raw leachate. For the anoxic reactor operating in the complete system, denitrification efficiencies of 90% were also achieved. A nitrogen gas recycle was a successful way to avoid frequently observed sludge bed rising problems.

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The comparison of trichloroethylene removal rates by methane- and aromatic-utilizing microorganisms

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1998.0272 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 38 (7) ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C.-J. Lu ◽

C. M. Lee ◽

M.-S. Chung

Keyword(s):

Cell Concentration ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Batch Reactors ◽

Initial Cell Concentration ◽

Removal Rates ◽

Initial Cell ◽

Toluene Concentration ◽

Cell Source ◽

Removal Efficiencies

The comparison of TCE cometabolic removal by methane, toluene, and phenol utilizers was conducted with a series of batch reactors. Methane, toluene, or phenol enriched microorganisms were used as cell source. The initial cell concentration was about 107 cfu/mL. Methane, toluene, and phenol could be readily biodegraded resulting in the cometabolic removal of TCE. Among the three primary carbon sources studied, the presence of phenol provided the best cometabolic removal of TCE. When the concentration of carbon source was 3 mg-C/L, the initial TCE removal rates initiated by methane, toluene, and phenol utilizers were 1.5, 30, and 100 μg/L-hr, respectively. During the incubation period of 80 hours, TCE removal efficiencies were 26% and 96% with the presence of methane and toluene, respectively. However, it was 100% within 20 hours with the presence of phenol. For phenol utilizers, the initial TCE removal rates were about the same, when the phenol concentrations were 1.35, 2.7, and 4.5 mg/L. However, TCE removal was not proportional to the concentrations of phenol. TCE removal was hindered when the phenol concentration was higher than 4.5 mg/L because of the rapid depletion of dissolved oxygen. The presence of toluene also initiated cometabolic removal of TCE. The presence of toluene at 3 and 5 mg/L resulted in similar TCE removal. The initial TCE removal rate was about 95 μg/L-hr at toluene concentrations of 3 and 5 mg/L compared to 20 μg/L-hr at toluene concentration of 1 mg/L.

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