Minimizing fuel and environmental costs for a variable-load power plant (co-)firing fuel oil and natural gas

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 1085-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kaewboonsong ◽  
V.I. Kuprianov ◽  
N. Chovichien
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Load Power ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

The decoupling states of CO2 emissions in the Chinese transport sector from 1994 to 2012: A perspective on fuel types

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayong Wu ◽  
Changwei Yuan ◽  
Hongchao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Aggregate Level ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Negative State ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

This paper analyzes the decoupling states between CO2 emissions and transport development in China from 1994 to 2012. The results indicate that, at the aggregate level, the Chinese transport sector is far from reaching the decoupling state. Negative decoupling or non-decoupling years account for 72.2% of the study period. At the disaggregated level, the decoupling states between CO2 emissions and eight primary fuels are as follows: raw coal and coke are in the absolute decoupling state; crude oil, gasoline and diesel are in the weak negative state; and the other three types (kerosene, heavy fuel oil, and natural gas) are in the strong negative decoupling state. Policy implications underneath the identified decoupling states are also revealed to help China build a more sustainable transportation system.

Repowering: An Option for Refurbishment of Old Thermal Power Plants in Latin-American Countries

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Washington Orlando Irrazabal Bohorquez ◽  
Joa˜o Roberto Barbosa ◽  
Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira ◽  
Electo E. Silva Lora
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

The operational rules for the electricity markets in Latin America are changing at the same time that the electricity power plants are being subjected to stronger environmental restrictions, fierce competition and free market rules. This is forcing the conventional power plants owners to evaluate the operation of their power plants. Those thermal power plants were built between the 1960’s and the 1990’s. They are old and inefficient, therefore generating expensive electricity and polluting the environment. This study presents the repowering of thermal power plants based on the analysis of three basic concepts: the thermal configuration of the different technological solutions, the costs of the generated electricity and the environmental impact produced by the decrease of the pollutants generated during the electricity production. The case study for the present paper is an Ecuadorian 73 MWe power output steam power plant erected at the end of the 1970’s and has been operating continuously for over 30 years. Six repowering options are studied, focusing the increase of the installed capacity and thermal efficiency on the baseline case. Numerical simulations the seven thermal power plants are evaluated as follows: A. Modified Rankine cycle (73 MWe) with superheating and regeneration, one conventional boiler burning fuel oil and one old steam turbine. B. Fully-fired combined cycle (240 MWe) with two gas turbines burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler and one old steam turbine. C. Fully-fired combined cycle (235 MWe) with one gas turbine burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler and one old steam turbine. D. Fully-fired combined cycle (242 MWe) with one gas turbine burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler and one old steam turbine. The gas turbine has water injection in the combustion chamber. E. Fully-fired combined cycle (242 MWe) with one gas turbine burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler with supplementary burners and one old steam turbine. The gas turbine has steam injection in the combustion chamber. F. Hybrid combined cycle (235 MWe) with one gas turbine burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler with supplementary burners, one old steam boiler burning natural gas and one old steam turbine. G. Hybrid combined cycle (235 MWe) with one gas turbine burning diesel fuel, one recuperative boiler with supplementary burners, one old steam boiler burning fuel oil and one old steam turbine. All the repowering models show higher efficiency when compared with the Rankine cycle [2, 5]. The thermal cycle efficiency is improved from 28% to 50%. The generated electricity costs are reduced to about 50% when the old power plant is converted to a combined cycle one. When a Rankine cycle power plant burning fuel oil is modified to combined cycle burning natural gas, the CO2 specific emissions by kWh are reduced by about 40%. It is concluded that upgrading older thermal power plants is often a cost-effective method for increasing the power output, improving efficiency and reducing emissions [2, 7].

scholarly journals Power Plant Fuel Switching and Air Quality in a Tropical Forested Environment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adan S. S. Medeiros ◽  
Gisele Calderaro ◽  
Patricia C. Guimarães ◽  
Mateus R. Magalhaes ◽  
Marcos V. B. Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Energy Matrix ◽  
Fuel Switching ◽  
Ozone Concentrations

Abstract. How a changing energy matrix for power production affects air quality is considered for an urban region in a tropical, forested environment. Manaus, the largest city in the central Amazon basin of Brazil, is in the process of changing its fossil fuel power energy matrix from entirely fuel oil and diesel to nearly entirely natural gas across an approximately ten-year period. Three scenarios of urban air quality, specifically afternoon ozone concentrations, were simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-Chem) model. The first scenario used fuel oil and diesel for power production, which was the reality in 2008. The second scenario was based on the fuel mix from 2014, the most current year for which data were available. The third scenario considered nearly complete use of natural gas for power production, which is the anticipated future, possibly for 2018. For each case, inventories of anthropogenic emissions were based on power generation, refining operations, and transportation. Transportation and refinery operations were held constant across the three scenarios to focus on effects of power plant fuel switching in a tropical context. The results of the simulations indicate that a change to natural gas significantly decreases maximum afternoon ozone concentrations over the population center, reaching reductions of 73 % (110 to 30 ppb) on the most polluted days. NOx and CO emissions decreased by approximately 89 % and 55 %, respectively, after the complete change in the energy matrix. The sensitivity of ozone concentrations to the fuel switchover is consistent with a NOx-limited regime, as expected for a tropical forest having high emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds, high water vapor concentrations, and abundant solar radiation. Thus, policies favoring the burning of natural gas in place of fuel oil and diesel have great potential for ozone reduction and improve air quality for growing urban regions located in tropical, forested environments around the world.

Reduction of atmospheric emissions due to switching from fuel oil to natural gas at a power plant in a critical area in Central Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 1043-1059
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Sosa E. ◽  
Elizabeth Vega ◽  
Ann Wellens ◽  
Mónica Jaimes ◽  
Gilberto Fuentes G ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Critical Area ◽  
Atmospheric Emissions

scholarly journals Power plant fuel switching and air quality in a tropical, forested environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 8987-8998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adan S. S. Medeiros ◽  
Gisele Calderaro ◽  
Patricia C. Guimarães ◽  
Mateus R. Magalhaes ◽  
Marcos V. B. Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Energy Matrix ◽  
Fuel Switching ◽  
Ozone Concentrations

Abstract. How a changing energy matrix for electricity production affects air quality is considered for an urban region in a tropical, forested environment. Manaus, the largest city in the central Amazon Basin of Brazil, is in the process of changing its energy matrix for electricity production from fuel oil and diesel to natural gas over an approximately 10-year period, with a minor contribution by hydropower. Three scenarios of urban air quality, specifically afternoon ozone concentrations, were simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-Chem) model. The first scenario used fuel oil and diesel for electricity production, which was the reality in 2008. The second scenario was based on the fuel mix from 2014, the most current year for which data were available. The third scenario considered nearly complete use of natural gas for electricity production, which is the anticipated future, possibly for 2018. For each case, inventories of anthropogenic emissions were based on electricity generation, refinery operations, and transportation. Transportation and refinery operations were held constant across the three scenarios to focus on effects of power plant fuel switching in a tropical context. The simulated NOx and CO emissions for the urban region decrease by 89 and 55 %, respectively, after the complete change in the energy matrix. The results of the simulations indicate that a change to natural gas significantly decreases maximum afternoon ozone concentrations over the population center, reducing ozone by > 70 % for the most polluted days. The sensitivity of ozone concentrations to the fuel switchover is consistent with a NOx-limited regime, as expected for a tropical forest having high emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds, high water vapor concentrations, and abundant solar radiation. There are key differences in a shifting energy matrix in a tropical, forested environment compared to other world environments. Policies favoring the burning of natural gas in place of fuel oil and diesel have great potential for ozone reduction and improved air quality for growing urban regions located in tropical, forested environments around the world.

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