The scaling of mineral dissolution rates under complex flow conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Li ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Dongfang Ke ◽  
Chongxuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Dissolution Rates

Total Pressure Correction of a Sub-Miniature Five-Hole Probe in Areas of Pressure Gradients

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Town ◽  
A. Akturk ◽  
C. Camcı
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Ducted Fan ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Best Fit

Five-hole probes, being a dependable and accurate aerodynamic tools, are excellent choices for measuring complex flow fields. However, total pressure gradients can induce measurement errors. The combined effect of the different flow conditions on the ports causes the measured total pressure to be prone to a greater error. This paper proposes a way to correct the total pressure measurement. The correction is based on the difference between the measured total pressure data of a Kiel probe and a sub-miniature prism-type five-hole probe. By comparing them in a ducted fan related flow field, a line of best fit was constructed. The line of best fit is dependent on the slope of the line in a total pressure versus span and difference in total pressure between the probes at the same location. A computer program, performs the comparison and creates the correction equation. The equation is subsequently applied to the five-hole probe total pressure measurement, and the other dependent values are adjusted. The validity of the correction is then tested by placing the Kiel probe and the five-hole probe in ducted fans with a variety of different tip clearances.

Measuring silicate mineral dissolution rates using Si isotope doping

2016 ◽  
Vol 445 ◽  
pp. 146-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Zhaoyun Liu ◽  
Yilun Zhang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Augustus Scheafer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Silicate Mineral ◽  
Dissolution Rates ◽  
Si Isotope

scholarly journals Kinetics of carbonate mineral dissolution in CO2-acidified brines at storage reservoir conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 545-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Benaiah U. Anabaraonye ◽  
John P. Crawshaw ◽  
Geoffrey C. Maitland ◽  
J. P. Martin Trusler
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Dissolution Kinetics ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Carbonate Mineral ◽  
Dissolution Rates ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Kinetics Of

We report experimental measurements of the dissolution rate of several carbonate minerals in CO2-saturated water or brine at temperatures between 323 K and 373 K and at pressures up to 15 MPa. The dissolution kinetics of pure calcite were studied in CO2-saturated NaCl brines with molalities of up to 5 mol kg−1. The results of these experiments were found to depend only weakly on the brine molality and to conform reasonably well with a kinetic model involving two parallel first-order reactions: one involving reactions with protons and the other involving reaction with carbonic acid. The dissolution rates of dolomite and magnesite were studied in both aqueous HCl solution and in CO2-saturated water. For these minerals, the dissolution rates could be explained by a simpler kinetic model involving only direct reaction between protons and the mineral surface. Finally, the rates of dissolution of two carbonate-reservoir analogue minerals (Ketton limestone and North-Sea chalk) in CO2-saturated water were found to follow the same kinetics as found for pure calcite. Vertical scanning interferometry was used to study the surface morphology of unreacted and reacted samples. The results of the present study may find application in reactive-flow simulations of CO2-injection into carbonate-mineral saline aquifers.

scholarly journals A CFD Study on Two-Phase Frozen Flow of Air/Water Through a Safety Relief Valve

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moftah Alshaikh ◽  
William Dempster
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Model ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Velocity Slip ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Relief Valve ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mass Flows ◽  
Two Fluid Model ◽  
Two Fluid

Abstract The air-water two phase critical flows through a safety relief valve commonly used in the refrigeration industry is examined with particular emphasis on the prediction of the critical mass flowrates using CFD based approaches. The expansion of the gas through the valve and the associated acceleration is coupled to the liquid phase and results in changes to the velocity slip with the possibility of influencing the choking conditions and the magnitude of the critical mass flows. These conditions are poorly reported in the literature for safety valves. This paper presents a study where the ability of established two phase multi-dimensional modelling approaches to predict such conditions are investigated. Comparison with the simplified mixture model will show that this model tends to underestimate mass flowrates for medium to high liquid mass fraction. However, the two fluid model can adequately account for the thermal and mechanical non equilibrium for these complex flow conditions with the use of simplified droplet sizing rules.

scholarly journals Tracer test modeling for local scale residence time distribution characterization in an artificial recharge site

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Valhondo ◽  
Lurdes Martínez-Landa ◽  
Jesús Carrera ◽  
Juan J. Hidalgo ◽  
Isabel Tubau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Homogeneous Model ◽  
Tracer Test ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Heterogeneous Model

Abstract. Artificial recharge of aquifers is a technique for improving water quality and increasing groundwater resources. Understanding the fate of a potential contaminant requires knowledge of the residence times distribution (RTD) of the water beneath the artificial recharge infrastructure. A simple way to obtain the RTDs is to perform a tracer test. We performed a pulse injection tracer test in an artificial recharge system through an infiltration basin to obtain the breakthrough curves, which yield directly the RTDs. These were very broad and we used a numerical model to interpret them, and to extend the characterization to other flow conditions. The model comprised nine layers at the site scaled to emulate the layering of aquifer deposits. Two types of hypotheses were considered: homogeneous (all flow and transport parameters identical for every layer) and heterogeneous (diverse parameters for each layer). The parameters were calibrated against the head and concentration data in both model types, which were validated quite satisfactory against 1,1,2-Trichloroethane and electrical conductivity data collected over a long period of time with highly varying flow conditions. We found that the broad RTDs were caused by both the complex flow structure generated under the basin (the homogeneous model produced broad RTDs) and the heterogeneity of the media (the heterogeneous model yielded much better fits). We conclude that acknowledging heterogeneity is required to properly assess mixing and broad RTDs, which are required to explain the water quality improvement of artificial recharge basins.

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