Identification of Artificial Recharge Sites for Nand Samand Catchment

Security of groundwater is widely regarded as a serious impediment to India's economic and social progress. According to the Central Ground Water Board's (CGWB) assessment, India's groundwater tables are plummeting at an alarming rate, with reserves in some regions reaching critical levels. Unregulated groundwater use in southern peninsular India has also resulted in excessive extraction, lowering the 'critical' threshold. With over 30 million groundwater structures in use, India is on the verge of a disaster of over-extraction that will leave 60% of all aquifers in critical condition within the next two decades. To resolve the issue, a variety of renewable groundwater solutions must be implemented. Artificial recharge is a procedure that augments groundwater at a pace that is significantly greater than the rate of replenishment under natural conditions, which may give a solution. The current study is for the Nand Samand catchment in the district of Rajasthan. The investigation of artificial groundwater recharge sites is being conducted using an integrated Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. Thematic maps such as topographic elevation, post-mosoon groundwater level, recharge, slope, transmissivity and soils map are created, and weighted overlay analysis is used to identify areas suitable for artificial recharge. Keywords: Nand Samand catchment, artificial recharge zone, thematic map, remote sensing, GIS

Contribution of Remote Sensing and GIS to Identify the Potential Area for Artificial Recharge in Fractured Area in the Talmakent Region, Western High Atlas, Morocco

In view of the progressive retreat of groundwater due to rarity, continuous depletion and overexploitation of water, especially in mountainous areas, which are a major source of water, there is a need for artificial recharge for better management of these resources to ensure their long-term sustainability. The approach used is a contribution of new geomatic technologies; Remote Sensing coupled with Geographic Information Systems, for the mapping of potential areas of artificial recharge in the fractured medium of the Talmakent region, which is located in the western high atlas and is characterized by the presence of impermeable rocks. This study requires the consideration of different factors influencing the recharge potential, which are the characteristics of the land surface such as geology lineaments, geomorphology and drainage system. All these criteria are grouped in a GIS prototype in which a multi-criteria overlay analysis has been done for the cartographic restitution of the potential areas for artificial groundwater recharge. The existing basins in the area revealed that only 6% of the total area was identified as having a high potential for groundwater recharge, hence suitable for the implementation of new artificial recharge structures. While 94% of the area has a low to moderate recharge potential, hence unsuitable for groundwater recharge processes.

Increasing the productivity of water in takein water-containing crystalline rocks by increasing their fracture by an explosion

Global warming, which has been observed in the world and Ukraine in particular in recent decades, may lead to a decrease in surface and groundwater. In addition, the high level of groundwater pollution and the policy of water purification is a matter of concern. Thus, the question of finding additional and alternative sources of drinking water today is highly urgent. A significant percentage of prospecting works of the last century was devoted to discovering the groundwater fields in fractured crystalline rocks of the Ukrainian Shield. As a rule, the productivity of wells of these formations did not have high flow rates, so even now, mostly the aquifers in sedimentary deposits have been exploited. The low productivity of most wells in water-bearing fractured rocks is associated with the unknown degree of fracturing of the crystalline massif: it is difficult to determine the pathways of groundwater inflow into the fracture system and, accordingly, it is not easy to justify the exploitable groundwater reserves. In this paper, using the groundwater flow model of the Zhashkiv groundwater deposit, it is considered an increase of the productivity of water intake wells in the water-bearing crystalline rocks due to the increasing degree of their fracturing by an explosion. Thus, in hydrogeology, this technique is known when trying to increase the permeability in the near-borehole space, but as a method of artificial recharge of aquiferous crystalline rocks is used very rarely. The paper also examines typical water intakes conditions in fractured crystalline water-bearing rocks, which can be recommended for increasing their productivity by the blasting method. The results indicate that an artificial increase in fracturing degree can have a significant effect on increasing the productivity of water intakes. The basic methods of using explosives, as an example of an artificial increase in fracturing degree, in solving hydrogeological problems and the mechanisms of fractures’ formation during the action of blasting are considered.

Assistance of the Youth Organization Community in the Construction of an Integrated Road as an Artificial Recharge for the Slopes of Mount Manglayang through a Participatory Action-Research Approach in Babakan Cikeruh Village

Youth is an agent of change for a region, but if youth are affected by the environment and technology, then youth will not be able to make a good contribution to the region, therefore in order for youth to be more productive, it is necessary to be guided, nurtured and directed. As happened to the youth in RW 14 Kampung Babakan CIkeruh, Cimekar Village, Cileunyi Bandung, where most of the youth have been influenced by gadgets and wrong associations. Shifting the role of youth from being productive, there needs to be intensive assistance and empowerment, so that they are able to contribute to their region. In order to be able to assist and empower youth, it is necessary to use a participatory method for youth through youth organizations. The participatory method used is a participatory action study, this method is a research method that uses action/experience steps, reflection, integration, and planning. The use of the participatory study-action method aims to build awareness of youth youth groups in road construction, and through mentoring and empowering youth youth organizations it is hoped that they will be able to realize the wishes of the residents, namely the realization of good and decent roads. proposals for road construction/remediation activities with a length of 50 m and a width of 3 m which are integrated with infiltration wells that function as artificial recharge for dug wells to become a source of clean water for residents around the road. funds for the implementation of its development by exploring the potential around the RW 14 area. By utilizing the existing potential, both the potential of natural resources and the potential of human resources, the road is realized. After the implementation of the work, the youth were directed to compile an accountability report as proof of transparency with the citizens. The results of the mentoring and empowerment of RW 14 youth organizations in general gave a significant change for RW 14 youth youth organizations who initially only played gadgets to become youths who were able to make a real contribution to their area, namely being able to realize the dreams of the community by implementing road construction with concrete rebates.

A Feasibility Assessment of Potential Artificial Recharge for Increasing Agricultural Areas in the Kerbala Desert in Iraq Using Numerical Groundwater Modeling

Groundwater in Iraq is considered to be an alternative water resource, especially for areas far away from surface water. Groundwater is affected by many factors including climate change, industrial activities, urbanization, and industrialization. In this study, the effect of artificial recharge on the quantity of groundwater in the Dibdibba unconfined aquifer in Iraq was simulated using a groundwater modeling system (GMS). The main raw water source used in the artificial recharge process was the reclaimed water output (tertiary treatment) from the main wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Kerbala, with 20 injection wells. After calibration and validation of the three-dimensional numerical model used in this study and taking wastewater recharge rates into account, two different scenarios were applied to obtain the expected behavior of the aquifer when the groundwater levels were augmented with 5% and 10% of the daily outflow production of the WWTP in Kerbala. The model matched the observed head elevations with R2 = 0.951 for steady state and R2= 0.894 for transient simulations. The results indicate that the injection of treated water through 20 wells raised the water table in more than 91 and 136 km2 for 5000 and 10,000 m3/day pumping rates, respectively. Moreover, increasing the volume of water added to the aquifer could lead to establishing new agricultural areas, spanning more than 62 km2, extending about 20 km along the river.

GIS-based framework for artificial aquifer recharge to secure sustainable strategic water reserves in Qatar arid environment peninsula

This study proposes a large-scale artificial aquifer recharge plan to increase the strategic water reserve to cope with future emergencies. The main aim of the plan is to restore groundwater levels to those of the 1980s through artificial recharge. Desalinated water or highly treated municipal sewage effluent could be artificially recharged into the aquifer to recharge it. Potentiometric surface of aquifers and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis were used to assess change in the groundwater levels between 1980 and 2009. Zones that have experienced considerable decline in groundwater levels from their former “natural” status—when the aquifers were barely exploited, were identified. These zones are considered optimum recharge sites as they could provide ‘natural’ ground storage chosen by nature. Therefore, working with nature (not against it) by re-filling these natural spaces is the optimum approach. The artificial recharge of the main and principal upper aquifer in Qatar (Rus and Um er Radhuma) is targeted and recommended. It is estimated that up to 182.8 Million Cubic Meter (mcm) could be recharged and stored in these proposed zones, to increase the strategic water reserve of the country. This increase would sustain supplies of high quality for up to three months if consumption is maintained at the 2018 level. Moreover, this additional reserve could last for over one year, if emergency measures were put in place—in case of serious water-shortages, and disaster preparedness, for example by reducing the per capita consumption to the global average per capita consumption.