scholarly journals Population status, habitat occupancy and conservation threats to Mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris) in Ghodaghodi lake complex, Nepal

2021 ◽  
pp. e01977
Author(s):  
Saurav Lamichhane ◽  
Divya Bhattarai ◽  
Jhamak Bahadur Karki ◽  
Ambika Prasad Gautam ◽  
Pratik Pandeya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Status ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Conservation Threats

scholarly journals Habitat occupancy of sloth bear Melursus ursinus in Chitwan National Park, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Paudel ◽  
Rabin Kadariya ◽  
Babu Ram Lamichhane ◽  
Naresh Subedi ◽  
Mariko Sashika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Chitwan National Park ◽  
Sloth Bear ◽  
Conservation Threats

Mammals around the world face serious threats and experience massive decline in their populations and geographic ranges. The sloth bear has become extinct from two of five range countries and the existing population face serious conservation threats. Despite being endangered in Nepal, decades of conservation obliviousness have hindered their conservation and management. We assessed the distribution and habitat use by sloth bears in relation to landscape, environmental, and anthropogenic factors in Chitwan National Park, Nepal. We conducted a sign survey from March-June 2020 in 4*4 km2 grids (n=45) in a checkerboard approach. An observation was spatially replicated four times by recording information in four continuous search trails of 1 km each. We recorded presence/absence of sloth bears, termites, fruits and disturbance in the field and extracted information on tree cover, terrain ruggedness and vegetation index from remotely sensed image of the study area. The data was analyzed using single species-single season occupancy method in PRESENCE software. By using repeated observations these models account for imperfect detectability of species to provide robust estimates of species occupancy. Averaged habitat occupancy estimate obtained from the best models was Ѱ = 0.53 ± 0.04SE with detection probability p = 0.44 ± 0.1SE. Selection of variable based on summed AIC weight from the top models (AIC<2) showed that presence of termites (ƩWi=0.66) significantly influenced sloth bear habitat occupancy. Habitat occupancy was positively influenced by termites followed by fruits, disturbance, terrain ruggedness and vegetation productivity, whereas, it was negatively influenced by tree cover. We suggest that future conservation interventions and action plans aimed at sloth bear management must adequately consider these requirements and issues.

Population status and habitat occupancy of endangered river dolphins in the Karnali River system of Nepal during low water season

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 707-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shambhu Paudel ◽  
Yajna Prasad Timilsina ◽  
Jennifer Lewis ◽  
Tom Ingersoll ◽  
Shant Raj Jnawali
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Habitat Occupancy

scholarly journals Status of Critically Endangered Vultures in Dang Deukhuri Foothill Forests and West Rapti Wetlands

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad Shrestha ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Absolute Count ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Gyps Bengalensis ◽  
Conservation Threats ◽  
Absolute Population

Vultures play a highly important ecological role through the rapid consumption of animal carcasses. Of 22 vulture species in the world, eight species are found in Nepal. The study was carried out in Dang Deukhuri valley with objectives of assessing present population status of critically endangered vultures and conservation threats to these vultures. To study population status, direct survey and repeated absolute count methods were used; population size estimated through Jacknife technique; nest occupancy determined by nest census method. Similarly, interview/household surveys were conducted to assess the present food availability and livestock condition; conservation threats to vultures. The range of absolute population size of the critically endangered vultures; Gyps bengalensis, Gyps tenuirostris and Sarcogyps calvus were found 44, 21 and 18 respectively in Dang Deukhuri valley. The major threat to vultures is diclofenac contamination of livestock carcasses and other threats are habitat destruction, disturbance & hunting, lack of awareness, food shortage, poisoning and pesticide use in the area.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v4i0.5533The Initiation Vol.4 2011 28-34

scholarly journals Population status, nesting habitat selection and conservation threats of lesser adjutant stork (Leptoptilos javanicus) in the eastern lowlands of Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Karki ◽  
Tej Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Habitat Preference ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Nesting Habitat ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Conservation Threats

Aim This research examines the status of distribution, nesting habitat selection and conservation threats of lesser adjutant storks. Location Eastern Nepal Materials and Methods Direct observation along line transects method was used to determine population status, distribution and nesting habitat preference of storks in different habitats of the study area. Questionnaire surveys to local people drawn randomly were used to study the socio-cultural dimensions of lesser adjutant storks conservation. Key findings There were a total of 98 individuals in pre-breeding and 240 individuals of lesser adjutant stork in post-breeding periods (94 chicks and 146 adults) in the study area. On average, there were 1.29 chicks per nest. Bombax ceiba and Adina cordifolia were found to be the most preferred nesting trees for lesser adjutant storks. Habitat preference of lesser adjutant storks revealed that colonies were more likely to occur in farmlands and swamps. All the nests of lesser adjutant storks were found on trees above 30 m height, the average tree height was 42.5 ± 6.8 m and the average nest height was 34.4 ± 4.3 m. Questionnaire surveys revealed that people were not aware about conservation of lesser adjutant storks. More than 80% of respondents (n=145) opined that forest destruction was the most serious threat to storks followed by human disturbance (79%), poaching (73%), pesticide use (52%), and urbanization/industrialization (43%). Conservation implications Protection of nesting tree species such as Bombax ceiba and Adina cordifolia should be given a high priority for the conservation of storks in the eastern Nepal. Conservation education programs to control excessive pesticides in the rice fields should also be carried out in the region. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cs.v1i1.8581 Conservation Science 2013 1(1), 27-35

Effectiveness of Protected Areas in Conserving the Highly Hunted Mammal Species as Bushmeat in Southern Benin

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Chabi A.M.S. Djagoun ◽  
Etotépé A. Sogbohossou ◽  
Barthélémy Kassa ◽  
Christian B. Ahouandjinou ◽  
Hugues A. Akpona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Occupancy Model ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitat ◽  
Lama Forest

Background: The habitat degradation together with fragmentation and illegal hunting represent a major threat for biodiversity conservation in Lama protected areas. Method: We used a combination of questionnaire survey with local communities for ranking the hunted mammal species as bushmeat and track surveys in gridded-cell system of 500x500 m2 (n=268) to assess at what extend the management design, the anthropogenic factors and habitat type affect the occupancy model of those mammal species. Results: Twenty mammal species have been predominantly reported by the local inhabitants to consume bushmeat species and 5 of them have been identified as the most preferable as hunted game mammals. The selection of the preferred habitat among the swampy forest, the dense forest, the tree plantations and cropland for the prioritized game species varies between species but looks similar when grouping in different orders. Some bushmeat species were found to select the more secure habitat (natural forest); suggesting the zoning system in the Lama forest can passively protect those species. However, some species such as T. swinderianus although highly hunted showed preference to anthropogenic habitat, avoiding the well secured core zone in Lama Forest. Conclusion: Our findings highlighted the importance of the zoning system with different management objectives in the habitat occupancy model of the highly hunted wildlife species.

scholarly journals An updated population status of Astor Markhor (Capra falconeri falconeri) in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. e01555
Author(s):  
Jibran Haider ◽  
Bushra Allah Rakha ◽  
Maqsood Anwar ◽  
Muhammad Zafar Khan ◽  
Hussain Ali
Keyword(s):  
Population Status ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan

scholarly journals Review of the Japanese records of an endangered grouper, Epinephelus tukula, with comments on its population status (Teleostei, Serranidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsunobu Murase ◽  
Ryohei Miki ◽  
Masaaki Wada ◽  
Masahide Itou ◽  
Hiroyuki Motomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Kuroshio Current ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Warm Current ◽  
Japanese Waters ◽  
The Kuroshio

The Potato Grouper, Epinephelustukula, is relatively rare worldwide. Records from the northernmost part of its range (Japan) have been few, resulting in a “Critically Endangered” listing on the Red List for Japan. The Japanese records were revised by examining literature, new specimens, photographs, and the internet, and a continuous distribution pattern from the tropical Ryukyu Islands (including adult individuals) to temperate regions affected by the Kuroshio Current were delineated; this suggests the species inhabits tropical Japan and can spread to temperate regions via the warm current. The species possibly reproduces in Japanese waters but further reproductive ecology research is required.

Bridled Quail-dove Geotrygon mystacea population assessment after hurricanes Irma and Maria, St. Eustatius, Caribbean Netherlands

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
FRANK F. RIVERA-MILÁN ◽  
HANNAH MADDEN ◽  
KEVIN VERDEL
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Abundance Estimates ◽  
Detection Mode ◽  
Limited Food ◽  
Seed Eating ◽  
Free Ranging

Summary Structural vegetation damage and food limitation are important effects of major hurricanes, particularly for fruit/seed-eating, forest-dependent Caribbean birds with restricted distributions and small populations, such as the Bridled Quail-dove Geotrygon mystacea. Motivated by the lack of abundance estimates, corrected for detection probability, we conducted distance-sampling surveys inside and outside the Quill National Park each May in 2016-2019. Detection mode was the most important covariate, with others receiving no support from the data. Detectability of available single individuals and clusters of individuals within 60 m of transect centrelines averaged 0.957 ± 0.114 standard error for audio detections, 0.434 ± 0.052 for visual detections, and 0.693 ± 0.064 for detection modes combined. Availability averaged 0.475 ± 0.138 and the product of detectability and availability averaged 0.329 ± 0.098. Density averaged 1.459 ± 0.277 individuals ha-1 and population size averaged 642 ± 122 individuals in 440 ha. Density did not differ along and away from forest trails, but was higher inside than outside the park and at elevations within 201-400 m than 100-200 m and 401-600 m. Density declined by 76% after hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. We suggest that major hurricanes together with free-ranging livestock overgrazing degraded foraging habitats, limited food supply, and caused a population bottleneck. Our methodology can be implemented across the distribution range to assess population status and trends and evaluate the result of management actions at key conservation sites. Bridled Quail-dove populations probably were declining on most islands before the 2017 hurricanes and population status warrants revision.

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