Genetic factors associated with the predisposition to late onset Alzheimer's disease

ABSTRACTThe high genetic heritability of Alzheimer’s disease has contributed to the multi-directional and large-scale genomic studies to discover genetic factors, and so far many massive studies have been reported. However, the majority of genetic factors have been identified through European races, and relatively few studies using East Asians to discover genetic factors. In this study, East Asian specific loci is first reported through GWAS using GARD cohorts, which have been intensively recruited and managed by a single institution. ApoE-stratified GWAS with the AD cases and matched controls (n=2,291) in the Korean cohort and validation analysis using a Japanese sample (n=1,956) replicated six previously reported loci (genes) including ApoE and suggested two novel susceptible loci in LRIG1 and CACNA1A gene. This study demonstrates that discovery of AD-associated variants can be accomplished in ethnic groups of a more homogeneous genetic background using samples comprising fewer subjects.

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Genetic Factors in Early- and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s Disease: From Gene to Prevention ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-60076-0_3 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 33-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Tol ◽

A. J. C. Slooter ◽

C. M. van Duijn

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Late Onset

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A Global Review on Alzheimer’s Disease

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research ◽

10.47583/ijpsrr.2021.v68i01.017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Natarajan. P ◽

Mumthaj. P ◽

Vijay. J ◽

Gokul. V

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cholinesterase Inhibitors ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Late Onset ◽

Memory Loss ◽

Review Article ◽

Acetyl Cholinesterase ◽

Alois Alzheimer

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an inevitable neurological disorder in which the death of brain cells causes memory loss and cognitive decline and ultimate dementia. It’s the foremost common cause of dementia in people of 65 years and older. It was first described by a neurologist Alois Alzheimer in 1906. This review article gives an account on the various symptoms from pre-dementia to severe Alzheimer’s dementia. The Alzheimer’s disease is caused by the pathogenesis by accumulation of toxic amyloid-? plaques (A?) and Hyper phosphorylated tau (p-tau). The greatest risk factors for late onset Alzheimer’s are age, genetics, family history and non-genetic factors (heart health, life style modifications, and environmental changes). The diagnosis of AD advances in genetics, the event of biomarkers of neuro degeneration and neuroimaging discovery utilizes the method to detect AD. The medication use to treat AD is acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl D aspartate antagonists and various drugs are under clinical trials.

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Genetic Variants and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205017666200224121447 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 208-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Marta Kowalska ◽

Katarzyna Wize ◽

Michał Prendecki ◽

Margarita Lianeri ◽

Wojciech Kozubski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Redox System ◽

Repair System ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Oxidative Species ◽

And Oxidative Stress

: In an aging society, the number of people suffering from Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is still growing. Currently, intensive research is being carried out on the pathogenesis of AD. The results of these studies indicated that oxidative stress plays an important role in the onset and development of this disease. Moreover, in AD oxidative stress is generated by both genetic and biochemical factors as well as the functioning of the systems responsible for their formation and removal. The genetic factors associated with the regulation of the redox system include TOMM40, APOE, LPR, MAPT, APP, PSEN1 and PSEN2 genes. The most important biochemical parameters related to the formation of oxidative species in AD are p53, Homocysteine (Hcy) and a number of others. The formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is also related to the efficiency of the DNA repair system, the effectiveness of the apoptosis, autophagy and mitophagy processes as well as the antioxidant potential. However, these factors are responsible for the development of many disorders, often with similar clinical symptoms, especially in the early stages of the disease. The discovery of markers of the early diagnosis of AD may contribute to the introduction of pharmacotherapy and slow down the progression of this disease.

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