CCL5 secreted by luminal B breast cancer cells induces polarization of M2 macrophages through activation of MEK/STAT3 signaling pathway via CCR5

Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146100
Author(s):  
Yong-yun Zhu ◽  
Ying-chun Zhao ◽  
Chuang Chen ◽  
Min Xie
2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1221-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurfarhanah Bte Syed Sulaiman ◽  
Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan ◽  
Basappa ◽  
Vijay Pandey ◽  
Shobith Rangappa ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1299-1305
Author(s):  
Yongming Xu ◽  
Yanrong Zhu ◽  
Yong Yue ◽  
Shaofeng Pu ◽  
Junzhen Wu ◽  
...  

Abstract Brain metastasis affects approximately 20%–30% of patients with triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Even small metastatic lesions in the brain can trigger severe neurological impairments and result in extremely short survival time. Recently, active astrocytes were reported to be associated with brain metastases. However, how activated astrocytes regulate the behaviors of disseminated breast cancer cells in the brain remains unknown. In this study, human primary astrocytes were stimulated with IL-1β to form active astrocytes to study the cross-talk between stromal cells (astrocytes) and TNBC cells in brain metastases. Our results showed that active astrocytes significantly increase the malignancy of TNBC cells and prevent them from undergoing apoptosis caused by doxorubicin. We also found that the high level of IL-6 secreted by activated astrocytes was responsible for the drug resistance of breast cancer, which could be abolished by treatment of astrocytes with tamoxifen (TAM). The blockage of active astrocyte-derived IL-6 by a neutralizing antibody resulted in the attenuation of drug resistance, consequently enhancing the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin. Furthermore, the possible involved TAM-modulated drug resistance mechanism may be associated with a decrease in IL-6 expression in astrocytes and the downregulation of MAPK and JAK2/STAT3 signaling in cancer cells. Our data suggested that TAMs might reduce drug resistance through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, providing a possible therapy to treat brain metastasis in TNBCs, as estrogen receptor inhibitors (TAMs, etc.) can cross the blood–brain barrier.


2011 ◽  
Vol 121 (7) ◽  
pp. 2723-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren L.C. Marotta ◽  
Vanessa Almendro ◽  
Andriy Marusyk ◽  
Michail Shipitsin ◽  
Janina Schemme ◽  
...  

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