Current state of nutrition in West Africa and projections to 2030

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 100602
Author(s):  
F.J. Chadare ◽  
M. Affonfere ◽  
E. Sacla Aidé ◽  
F.K. Fassinou ◽  
K.V. Salako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Current State

Systematic revision of the living African Slender-snouted Crocodiles (Mecistops Gray, 1844)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4504 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATTHEW H. SHIRLEY ◽  
AMANDA N. CARR ◽  
JENNIFER H. NESTLER ◽  
KENT A. VLIET ◽  
CHRISTOPHER A. BROCHU
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
West African ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Species ◽  
African Form

Molecular and morphological evidence has shown that the African slender-snouted, or sharp-nosed, crocodile Mecistops cataphractus (Cuvier, 1824) is comprised of two superficially cryptic species: one endemic to West Africa and the other endemic to Central Africa. Our ability to characterize the two species is compromised by the complicated taxonomic history of the lineage and overlapping ranges of variation in distinguishing morphological features. The name M. cataphractus was evidently originally based on West African material, but the holotype is now lost. Although types exist for other names based on the West African form, the name M. cataphractus is sufficiently entrenched in the literature, and other names sufficiently obscure, to justify retypification. Here, we designate a neotype for M. cataphractus and restrict it to West Africa. We resurrect M. leptorhynchus as a valid species from Central Africa and identify exemplary referred specimens that, collectively, overcome the obscurity and diagnostic limits of the extant holotype. We additionally indicate suitable neotype material in the event the holotype is lost, destroyed, or otherwise needing replacement, and we rectify the previously erroneous type locality designation. We provide a revised diagnosis for crown Mecistops, and revise and update previous descriptions of the two living species, including providing both more complete descriptions and discussion of diagnostic characters. Finally, we provide considerable discussion of the current state of knowledge of these species’ ecology, natural history, and distribution. 

scholarly journals THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF ISLAM IN WEST AFRICA: AN ANTHROPOLOGIST'S VIEW

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Soares
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of The Field

AbstractIn this article, I focus on the historiography of Islam in West Africa while also reflecting upon and assessing existing scholarship in the broader field of the study of Islam in Africa. My position as an anthropologist who conducts historical research informs my perspective in evaluating the current state of the field and my suggestions for directions in which I think future research might move in order to advance our understanding of Islam and Muslim societies and the history of religious life in Africa more generally.

West African Islamic State (2015–16)

2018 ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Michael Nwankpa
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Present State ◽  
West African ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Current State ◽  
Global Agenda

Part five of the book presents the current state of Boko Haram as the Islamic State’s official affiliate in West Africa, showing a clear trajectory in the transformation of Boko Haram leadership as Nigerian preachers to Islamic State’s franchise. The chapter reflects on Boko Haram’s journey especially whether its present state could have been avoided if the Nigerian state had responded differently. The reflective mode however shifts towards more realistic assessments that include an analysis of Boko Haram’s quest to regain its original motive and rebrand itself and the contestation between its local and global agenda. This is most visibly reflected in the internal criticisms against Shekau’s leadership style and unhinged attacks especially against Muslims and the recent leadership contest and infighting between the de facto leader, Abubakar Shekau and ISIS-backed al-Barnawi, the son of Boko Haram’s murdered founder, Muhammad Yusuf. The chapter offers prognosis that helps us understand the likely direction that Boko Haram may take and the possible outcomes.

scholarly journals Chemistry in Senegal: Between Skepticism and Hope

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Modou Fall ◽  
Serigne Amadou Ndiaye ◽  
Mayoro Diop
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Chemical Education ◽  
University System ◽  
Chemical Education Research ◽  
Arts And Humanities ◽  
Current State ◽  
Strong Contrast

Abstract In Senegal, the education and university system is characterized by the dominance of arts and humanities over science and technology. The practice of chemistry is relatively important regionally in universities (for both education and research), as well as in the industries—although with a strong contrast between these two areas. Will the dynamism of chemical associations and the recent discovery of gas and oil enable a change in the chemical sector in Senegal? Senegal is a country in West Africa with 15.3 million inhabitants where the practice of chemistry is quite established. In this article, we present the current state of chemical education, research, and industry, without forgetting, of course, the chemical associations that have become increasingly active in recent years.

scholarly journals The Current State of Parkinsonism in West Africa: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jude T. Quarshie ◽  
Esther N. Mensah ◽  
Osbourne Quaye ◽  
Anastasia R. Aikins
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
West African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Age Related ◽  
African Patients

Parkinsonism is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly. Africa is experiencing an increasing burden of age-related conditions including parkinsonism. However, there is not enough data on the prevalence, symptoms, and management of the disorder in West African patients. This systematic review examines the current state of parkinsonism in West Africa by discussing its epidemiology, symptomatology, and treatment. We searched PubMed, BioMed Central, and AJOL databases from January 2000 to December 2020 for studies on parkinsonism conducted in West African countries. We included 32 studies in this review: 23 from Nigeria, 5 from Ghana, and 1 each from Benin, Mali, Niger, and Senegal. Out of the 32 reviewed studies, 11 focused on the prevalence of parkinsonism, 4 examined the genetics of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and 17 described the symptomatology and therapy of parkinsonism. The prevalence of parkinsonism in West Africa ranges from 6.0% to 8.3% of neurologic admissions/consultations. The estimated crude prevalence of PD in West Africa varies from 15 to 572 per 100,000 people. Thus far, no pathogenic genetic variants have been associated with PD in the region. Levodopa is frequently used singly or in combination with other medications to manage parkinsonian symptoms, which is consistent with reports from other African regions. Most of the reviewed studies focused only on PD, limiting assessment of other forms of parkinsonism. Almost all the prevalence studies were hospital-based and monocentric, making it impossible to accurately estimate the true prevalence of parkinsonism in West Africa. Larger community-based prevalence studies are recommended to enable accurate quantification of disease burden. Future genetic investigations should consider a wider array of gene mutations associated with parkinsonism. Moreover, public health surveillance strategies should be established to monitor the epidemiology of the disorder.

scholarly journals The impact of the 2014 Ebola epidemic on HIV disease burden and outcomes in Liberia West Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257049
Author(s):  
Soka J. Moses ◽  
Ian Wachekwa ◽  
Collin Van Ryn ◽  
Greg Grandits ◽  
Alice Pau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Current State ◽  
National Estimates ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Negative

Background Detailed longitudinal studies of HIV-positive individuals in West Africa are lacking. Here the HIV prevalence, incidence, all-cause mortality, and the proportion of individuals receiving treatment with cART in two cohorts of participants in Ebola-related studies are described. Setting Individuals of all ages were enrolled and followed at four sites in the area of Monrovia, Liberia. Methods Two cohorts identified in response to the Ebola epidemic are described to provide insights into the current state of the HIV epidemic. HIV testing was performed at baseline for participants in both cohorts and during follow-up in one cohort. Results Prevalence and incidence of HIV (prevalence of 3.1% for women and 1.4% for men and incidence of 3.3 per 1,000) were higher in these cohorts compared to 2018 national estimates (prevalence of 1.3% and incidence of 0.39 per 1,000). Most participants testing positive did not know their status prior to testing. Of those who knew they were HIV positive, 7.9% reported being on antiretroviral treatment. The death rate among those with HIV was 12.3% compared to 1.9% in HIV-negative individuals (adjusted odds ratio of 6.87). While higher levels of d-dimer were associated with increased mortality, this was not specific to those with HIV, however lower hemoglobin levels were associated with increased mortality among those with HIV. Conclusion These findings point to a need to perform further research studies aimed at fulfilling these knowledge gaps and address current shortcomings in the provision of care for those living with HIV in Liberia.

A review of the current state of knowledge on gold mineralisation in Benin Republic, West Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-14
Author(s):  
Fatchessin Bruno Adjo ◽  
Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa ◽  
Luc Adissin Glodji ◽  
Franck Wilfried Nguimatsia Dongmo ◽  
Jerry Olugbenga Olajide-Kayode
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Current State ◽  
Benin Republic

scholarly journals Current State of Affairs with Regard to Continuing Medical Education for Technicians in Radiology in Francophone West Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Abdoulatif Amadou ◽  
Massaga Dagbe ◽  
Sonia Bignon Mahussi Gwladys Adjadohoun ◽  
Pihou Gbande ◽  
Lantam Sonhaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Continuing Medical Education ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Affairs

scholarly journals Practice of Maintenance Management of Infrastructures on Sports Stadia in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Yinghua, Chen ◽  
Agyemang Prempeh Fredua Sylvester ◽  
Mandella Osei- Assibey Bonsu ◽  
Andrews Yaw Minkah
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Maintenance Management ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Questionnaire Administration ◽  
Routine Inspection

The paper assessed the maintenance practices of traditional public stadia in Ghana. It also sought to evaluate the current state, causes, and effects of poor maintenance practices on the stadia. The study used structured questionnaires administered to 60 maintenance managers, equipment officers, and property officers. The questionnaire administration was done using the purposive sampling technique.  The findings show that failing to respond on time, routine inspection, stadium design and structure and utilization of unstandardized material were perceived by respondent as the main causes of poor maintenance practices. The findings of this study indicate that poor maintenance practices have effects on the full usage of the public stadia. The results clearly indicate that the grievances are mainly man-made.The paper contributes to the literature on the practices of maintenance of public infrastructure especially for West Africa countries and other emerging countries. The study may be great to professionals on the key activities in the esteem of best maintenance management practices on stadia in Ghana and beyond.

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