Uneven access to safe drinking water for First Nations in Canada: Connecting health and place through source water protection

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 386-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Health And Place ◽  
Source Water Protection

scholarly journals Understanding Local Water Collaboration for the Potential to Enhance Community Source Water Protection at Chippewas of the Thames First Nation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Garrod
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Community Source

First Nations in Canada are disproportionately affected by chronic drinking water insecurity (Bakker, 2012). Aboriginal Affair and Northern Development Canada conducted an assessment of First Nations water and wastewater systems in 2001 and found significant risk to the quality and safety of drinking water on three- quarters of all systems (Johns and Rasmussen, 2008). Neegan Burnside (2011) classified four differentrisks that affect drinking water systems for First Nations, which include, no source water protection plan,deterioration of water quality over time, risk of contamination, and insufficient capacity to meet futurerequirements. This study found that the two highest risks were risk of source water contamination and thelack of a community source water protection plan (Neegan Burnside, 2011). Water security, sustainableaccess on a watershed basis to adequate quantities of water of acceptable quality to ensure human andecosystem health (Bakker, 2012), therefore requires source water protection and collaboration amongwater actors. Collaboration is defined as the pooling of resources by multiple stakeholders to solveproblems, which includes a balance of power among actors, mutually agreed upon objectives, is perceived as legitimate, and includes a wide variety of stakeholders (Ashlie, 2019; Van Der Porten, 2013; Spencer etal., 2016; Black & McBean, 2017).

Understanding Local Water Collaboration for the Potential to Enhance Community Source Water Protection at Chippewas of the Thames First Name

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Garrod
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Community Source

First Nations in Canada are disproportionately affected by chronic drinking water insecurity (Bakker, 2012). Aboriginal Affair and Northern Development Canada conducted an assessment of First Nations water and wastewater systems in 2001 and found significant risk to the quality and safety of drinking water on three- quarters of all systems (Johns and Rasmussen, 2008). Neegan Burnside (2011) classified four differentrisks that affect drinking water systems for First Nations, which include, no source water protection plan,deterioration of water quality over time, risk of contamination, and insufficient capacity to meet futurerequirements. This study found that the two highest risks were risk of source water contamination and thelack of a community source water protection plan (Neegan Burnside, 2011). Water security, sustainableaccess on a watershed basis to adequate quantities of water of acceptable quality to ensure human andecosystem health (Bakker, 2012), therefore requires source water protection and collaboration amongwater actors. Collaboration is defined as the pooling of resources by multiple stakeholders to solveproblems, which includes a balance of power among actors, mutually agreed upon objectives, is perceived as legitimate, and includes a wide variety of stakeholders (Ashlie, 2019; Van Der Porten, 2013; Spencer etal., 2016; Black & McBean, 2017).

scholarly journals Comparing drinking water treatment costs to source water protection costs using time series analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 8741-8756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Heberling ◽  
Christopher T. Nietch ◽  
Hale W. Thurston ◽  
Michael Elovitz ◽  
Kelly H. Birkenhauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Costs ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Protection Costs

scholarly journals SOURCE WATER PROTECTION FROM PHARMACEUTICAL CONTAMINANTS: ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 1974 AND ITS REGULATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adillah Othman ◽  
Mariani Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Pharmaceutical Contaminants ◽  
Emerging Pollutant ◽  
Source Water Protection

Pharmaceutical contaminants have become a global “emerging pollutant”. Many countries developed various policies and technologies to deal with the problem. In Malaysia, there is no serious attention given to this problem in the Environmental Quality Act 1974 (EQA) and other regulations (Malaysian legislation). Therefore, pharmaceutical contaminants still enter the environment and affect human health through water consumption and water usage. In response to this problem, this study aims to analyse Malaysian legislation and to identify potential protection provided to protect source water from pharmaceutical contaminants. This study employed a qualitative approach. A systematic search was carried out on existing pharmaceutical-related Malaysian legislation. Later, content analysis was conducted to discover patterns and ideas within the existing legislation. This would determine the provisions that could assist the protection of source water from pharmaceutical contaminants. The findings of this study demonstrate only few provisions addressed the problem of pharmaceutical contaminants and thus, this type of contaminant continues to harm theenvironment. It is hoped that the result of this study could enhance Malaysian legislation pertaining to the problem and minimise the risk of pharmaceutical contaminant in drinking water.

scholarly journals SOURCE WATER PROTECTION FROM PHARMACEUTICAL CONTAMINANTS: ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 1974 AND ITS REGULATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adillah Othman ◽  
Mariani Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Pharmaceutical Contaminants ◽  
Emerging Pollutant ◽  
Source Water Protection

Pharmaceutical contaminants have become a global “emerging pollutant”. Many countries developed various policies and technologies to deal with the problem. In Malaysia, there is no serious attention given to this problem in the Environmental Quality Act 1974 (EQA) and other regulations (Malaysian legislation). Therefore, pharmaceutical contaminants still enter the environment and affect human health through water consumption and water usage. In response to this problem, this study aims to analyse Malaysian legislation and to identify potential protection provided to protect source water from pharmaceutical contaminants. This study employed a qualitative approach. A systematic search was carried out on existing pharmaceutical-related Malaysian legislation. Later, content analysis was conducted to discover patterns and ideas within the existing legislation. This would determine the provisions that could assist the protection of source water from pharmaceutical contaminants. The findings of this study demonstrate only few provisions addressed the problem of pharmaceutical contaminants and thus, this type of contaminant continues to harm theenvironment. It is hoped that the result of this study could enhance Malaysian legislation pertaining to the problem and minimise the risk of pharmaceutical contaminant in drinking water.

scholarly journals Exploring Attitudes Towards Water Collaboration for Source Water Protection Between First Nations and Ontario Municipalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Garrod
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Conservation Authorities ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

My research will examine how collaborative source water protection planning involving First Nations, municipalities, and conservation authorities can act as an avenue for enhancing water security on-reserves in southern Ontario. There is plenty of academic literature that examines the extent of water quality issues on First Nations reserves in Canada, and on the factors that contribute to the problem. However, what is lacking are those focused on collaborative efforts between First Nations, municipalities, and conservation authorities. This gap has been acknowledged by other academics in the field. For example, Nelles and Alcantara (2011) claim scholars have ignored the variety of inter-governmental agreements between Indigenous communities and municipal governments in Canada. “We know very little about collaborative agreements, how or why they have emerged or failed to emerge, and whether or not they would be successful” (Nelles and Alcantara, 2011). Some questions have yet to been answered, such as, what collaborative models currently exist that would enable source water protection? What kind of relationships exist between First Nations and their neighbouring municipalities and conservation authorities? How can these relationships work to positively impact source water protection in the region? The goal of this research is to assess the attitudes, opinions, and experiences of First Nations, Municipalities, and Conservation Authorities in a shared watershed to determine how they might be able to work towards collaborative source water protection planning. A case study approach will be used with COTTFN, the City of London, and Upper and Lower Thames Conservation Authorities. This document will act as a guide to collaborative efforts and relationship building can enhance source water protection.

scholarly journals Risky business : the role of risk perception in the Ontario source water protection planning process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K Rollinson-Lorimer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Source Water Protection

The purpose of this research was: 1. to investigate whether the perception of drinking water-related risk differs between the public and a Source Protection Committee established under Ontario's new Clean Water Act to make decisions about source water protection, 2. to explore how the public makes risk-based decisions about drinking water-related risk, and, 3. to estimate how any differences in drinking water-related risk perception and decision making between the Committee and the public may affect the implementation of the Clean Water Act. Mail and telephone surveys were conducted in a Southern Ontario Region of Study, and were given to samples of the public and the Committee. The two groups had different perceptions of water risk, which could pose challenges for making collective decisions about water risks. Successful source water protection depends on the ability of the Committees and the public to make appropriate decisions about risks to drinking water sources.

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