scholarly journals Program practices and demographic factors associated with federal funding for the Safe Routes to School program in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie L. Cradock ◽  
Billy Fields ◽  
Jessica L. Barrett ◽  
Steven Melly
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Federal Funding ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Program ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Safe Routes To School

scholarly journals Accountable Care Organizations in the United States: Market and Demographic Factors Associated with Formation

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (6pt1) ◽  
pp. 1840-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie A. Lewis ◽  
Carrie H. Colla ◽  
Kathleen L. Carluzzo ◽  
Sarah E. Kler ◽  
Elliott S. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Accountable Care Organizations ◽  
Accountable Care ◽  
Factors Associated

Disparities in Trial of Labor among Women with Twin Gestations in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina N. Mo ◽  
Yvonne W. Cheng ◽  
Aaron B. Caughey ◽  
Lynn M. Yee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Trial Of Labor ◽  
Hispanic White ◽  
Second Twin

Objective The aim of the study is to examine clinical and demographic factors associated with trial of labor (TOL) among women with twin gestations eligible for a vaginal delivery. Study Design This was a population-based cohort study of women giving birth to twin gestations in the United States (2012–2014). Inclusion criteria for the analysis included live births greater than 23 weeks' gestation and a cephalic presenting twin. Women with prior cesarean delivery were excluded. Women were categorized by whether they underwent a TOL. Clinical and demographic characteristics associated with TOL status were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Secondary analyses with stratification by parity and by second twin presentation were performed. Results Of 90,000 women eligible for inclusion, a minority (39.3%) underwent TOL. Women who had a greater gestational age at delivery were more likely to have a TOL. In contrast, several demographic factors were associated with decreased likelihood of TOL, including maternal age >35 years and identifying as Hispanic or Asian compared with non-Hispanic White. No differences in odds of TOL were observed for women who were identified as non-Hispanic Black versus non-Hispanic White, nor were other demographic factors such as marital status, insurance status, or educational attainment associated with undergoing TOL. Clinical factors associated with decreased odds of TOL included nulliparity, obesity, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Results did not substantively change when stratified by parity or second twin presentation, nor did findings differ in the subgroup who delivered at 32 weeks of gestation or greater. Conclusion In this large population of women with twins who were eligible for a TOL, a minority of individuals attempted a vaginal delivery. Demographic and clinical factors such as older maternal age, Asian or Hispanic racial or ethnic identification, nulliparity, and obesity are associated with decreased odds of undergoing TOL. Key Points

scholarly journals Demographic Factors Associated With Non-Guideline–Based Treatment of Kidney Cancer in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. e2112813
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Howard ◽  
Karabi Nandy ◽  
Solomon L. Woldu ◽  
Vitaly Margulis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Factors Associated

Mass School Shootings in the United States: A Novel Root Cause Analysis Using Lay Press Reports

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (13) ◽  
pp. 1423-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris A. Rees ◽  
Lois K. Lee ◽  
Eric W. Fleegler ◽  
Rebekah Mannix
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Root Cause Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Shootings ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
Cause Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Root Cause

School shootings comprise a small proportion of childhood deaths from firearms; however, these shootings receive a disproportionately large share of media attention. We conducted a root cause analysis of 2 recent school shootings in the United States using lay press reports. We reviewed 1760 and analyzed 282 articles from the 10 most trusted news sources. We identified 356 factors associated with the school shootings. Policy-level factors, including a paucity of adequate legislation controlling firearm purchase and ownership, were the most common contributing factors to school shootings. Mental illness was a commonly cited person-level factor, and access to firearms in the home and availability of large-capacity firearms were commonly cited environmental factors. Novel approaches, including root cause analyses using lay media, can identify factors contributing to mass shootings. The policy, person, and environmental factors associated with these school shootings should be addressed as part of a multipronged effort to prevent future mass shootings.

Mainstream Flavor: Ethnic Cuisine and Assimilation in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-85
Author(s):  
Anna Boch ◽  
Tomás Jiménez ◽  
Katharina Roesler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Culture Change ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Assimilation Process ◽  
Restaurant Reviews ◽  
Mexican Populations

Assimilation theories posit that cultural change is part and parcel of the assimilation process. That change can register in the symbols and practices that individuals invoke as part of an ethnic experience. But cultural change also includes the degree to which the mainstream takes up those symbols and practices as part of its composite culture. We develop a way to examine whether cuisine, an important component of ethnic culture, is part of the mainstream’s composite culture and the contextual factors associated with the presence of ethnic cuisine in the composite culture. We begin with a comparison of 761,444 reviews of Mexican, Italian, Chinese, and American restaurants across the United States from Yelp!, an online customer review platform. We find that reviews of Mexican restaurants mention ethnicity and authenticity much more than reviews of Italian and American restaurants, but less than reviews of Chinese restaurants, suggesting intermediate mainstreaming of Mexican cuisine. We then examine Mexican restaurant reviews in the 82 largest U.S. core-based statistical areas (CBSAs) to uncover the contextual factors associated with Mexican cuisine’s local mainstream presence. We find that Mexican food is less defined in ethnic terms in CBSAs with larger and more culturally distinct Mexican populations and at less-expensive restaurants. We argue that regional versions of the composite culture change as ethnic groups come to define a region demographically and culturally.

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