scholarly journals Populations of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis lack a cell wall: Isolation, visualization, and whole-genome characterization

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Velayati ◽  
Thomas Abeel ◽  
Terrance Shea ◽  
Gennady Konstantinovich Zhavnerko ◽  
Bruce Birren ◽  
...  
2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 648a
Author(s):  
Daniel Auguin ◽  
Yinshan Yang ◽  
Stephane Delbecq ◽  
Emilie Dumas ◽  
Virginie Molle ◽  
...  

Microbiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 736-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairong Huang ◽  
Stefan Berg ◽  
John S. Spencer ◽  
Danny Vereecke ◽  
Wim D'Haeze ◽  
...  

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Chauhan ◽  
Hava Lofton ◽  
Erin Maloney ◽  
Jacob Moore ◽  
Marek Fol ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
I.V. Mokrousov ◽  
E.N. Chernyaeva ◽  
A.A. Vyazovaya ◽  
V.Y. Zhuravlev

Актуальность. Туберкулёз относят к числу «вновь вернувшихся» заболеваний, получивших эпидемическое распространение во многих регионах мира. Фундаментальный интерес представляет понимание генетических основ адаптации возбудителя заболевания Mycobacterium tuberculosis к организму хозяина. Целью данного исследования было выявление молекулярных маркеров для значимых геновариантов M. tuberculosis в России на основе проведения полногеномного и биоинформационного анализа. Материалы и методы. Полногеномное секвенирование и филогенетический анализ были проведены для репрезентативной выборки штаммов M. tuberculosis Восточно-Азиатской линии (древние и современные сублинии генотипа Beijing) и Евро-Американской линии (штаммы генотипов LAM, T и S). Результаты. В результате филогенетического анализа геномных данных (4500 полиморфных нуклеотидных позиций), были выделены кластеры штаммов и определены их специфические однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы (ОНП, SNP). В частности, внутри сублинии LAM-RUS был выявлен эволюционно «молодой» кластер, включающий штаммы сполиготипов SIT252 и SIT266. Внутри штаммов семейства Beijing были выделены ветви современной (субтипы В0 и 94-32) и древней сублиний. Среди выявленных кластер-специфических однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов для групп внутри семейств Beijing и LAM наиболее широко были представлены категории генов «процессы, связанные с клеткой и клеточной стенкой» и «промежуточный метаболизм и дыхание». Вариации в генах категории «вирулентность» встречались только в штаммах Beijing B0/W148, древних Beijing и LAM-RUS (SIT252/266). Выводы. Для эмерджентных, актуально или потенциально эпидемических вариантов M. tuberculosis генотипов LAM и Beijing, выявлены как филогенетически нейтральные, диагностические полиморфизмы, так и мутации в ряде генов вирулентности, адаптации, биосинтеза клеточной стенки, дыхания и липидного обмена.Tuberculosis is one of the re-emerging diseases that have epidemically spread in many regions worldwide. Understanding of the genetic basis for Mycobacterium tuberculosis adaptation to the human host is of a fundamental interest. The aim of this study was to identify molecular markers for significant genetic clusters of M. tuberculosis in Russia based on a whole genome and bioinformatics analysis. Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed for a representative sample of M. tuberculosis strains of the East Asian lineage (ancient and modern sublineages of the Beijing genotype) and the Euro-American lineage (strains of LAM, T and S genotypes). The phylogenetic analysis of genomic data (4500 polymorphic nucleotide positions) allowed to identify strain clusters and to determine their specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Specifically, an evolutionarily “young” cluster was identified within the LAM-RUS branch, including strains of the SIT252 and SIT266 spoligotypes. Modern (subtypes B0 and 94-32) and ancient sublineages were identified within the Beijing genotype. Beijing and LAM cluster-specific SNPs were mainly found in gene categories “cell wall and cell processes” and “intermediary metabolism and respiration”. Variations in the genes of the “virulence” category were found only in strains of Beijing B0/W148, ancient Beijing and LAM-RUS (SIT252/266) groups. To conclude, phylogenetically neutral polymorphisms as well as mutations in virulence, adaptation, cell wall biosynthesis, respiration, and lipid metabolism genes were identified for emerging, potentially epidemic variants of the LAM and Beijing genotypes of M. tuberculosis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Bharti ◽  
Rahul Kumar Maurya ◽  
Umamageswaran Venugopal ◽  
Radhika Singh ◽  
Md. Sohail Akhtar ◽  
...  

Understanding the function of conserved hypothetical protein (CHP)s expressed by a pathogen in the infected host can lead to better understanding of its pathogenesis. The present work describes the functional characterization of a CHP, Rv1717 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Rv1717 has been previously reported to be upregulated in TB patient lungs. Rv1717 belongs to the cupin superfamily of functionally diverse proteins, several of them being carbohydrate handling proteins. Bioinformatic analysis of the amino acid sequence revealed similarity to glycosyl hydrolases. Enzymatic studies with recombinant Rv1717 purified from Escherichia coli showed that the protein is a β-D-galactosidase specific for pyranose form rather than the furanose form. We expressed the protein in Mycobacterium smegmatis (Msm), which lacks its ortholog. In MsmRv1717, the protein was found to localize to the cell wall (CW) with a preference to the poles. MsmRv1717 showed significant changes in colony morphology and cell surface properties. Most striking observation was its unusual Congo red colony morphotype, reduced ability to form biofilms, pellicles and autoagglutinate. Exogenous Rv1717 not only prevented biofilm formation in Msm, but also degraded preformed biofilms, suggesting that its substrate likely exists in the exopolysaccharides of the biofilm matrix. Presence of galactose in the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) has not been reported before and hence we used the galactose-specific Wisteria floribunda lectin (WFL) to test the same. The lectin extensively bound to Msm and Mtb EPS, but not the bacterium per se. Purified Rv1717 also hydrolyzed exopolysaccharides extracted from Msm biofilm. Eventually, to decipher its role in Mtb, we downregulated its expression and demonstrate that the strain is unable to disperse from in vitro biofilms, unlike the wild type. Biofilms exposed to carbon starvation showed a sudden upregulation of Rv1717 transcripts supporting the potential role of Rv1717 in Mtb dispersing from a deteriorating biofilm.


Microbiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivangi Rastogi ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
Garima Pant ◽  
Kalyan Mitra ◽  
Koneni V. Sashidhara ◽  
...  

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