The Impact of Sleep Loss on Brain Function

Background: Recent anti-aging interventions have shown contradictory impacts of (poly)phenols regarding the prevention of cognitive decline and maintenance of brain function. These discrepancies have been linked to between-study differences in supplementation protocols. This subgroup analysis and meta-regression aimed to (i) examine differential effects of moderator variables related to participant characteristics and supplementation protocols and (ii) identify practical recommendations to design effective (poly)phenol supplementation protocols for future anti-aging interventions. Methods: Multiple electronic databases (Web of Science; PubMed) searched for relevant intervention published from inception to July 2019. Using the PICOS criteria, a total of 4303 records were screened. Only high-quality studies (n = 15) were included in the final analyses. Random-effects meta-analysis was used, and we calculated standard differences in means (SDM), effect size (ES), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for two sufficiently comparable items (i.e., psychomotor function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)). When significant heterogeneity was computed (I2 > 50%), a subgroup and meta-regression analysis were performed to examine the moderation effects of participant characteristics and supplementation protocols. Results: The reviewed studies support the beneficial effect of (poly)phenols-rich supplementation on psychomotor functions (ES = −0.677, p = 0.001) and brain plasticity (ES = 1.168, p = 0.028). Subgroup analysis revealed higher beneficial impacts of (poly)phenols (i) in younger populations compared to older (SDM = −0.89 vs. −0.47 for psychomotor performance, and 2.41 vs. 0.07 for BDNF, respectively), (ii) following an acute compared to chronic supplementation (SDM = −1.02 vs. −0.43 for psychomotor performance), and (iii) using a phenolic compound with medium compared to low bioavailability rates (SDM = −0.76 vs. −0.68 for psychomotor performance and 3.57 vs. 0.07 for DBNF, respectively). Meta-regressions revealed greater improvement in BDNF levels with lower percentages of female participants (Q = 40.15, df = 6, p < 0.001) and a skewed scatter plot toward a greater impact using higher (poly)phenols doses. Conclusion: This review suggests that age group, gender, the used phenolic compounds, their human bioavailability rate, and the supplementation dose as the primary moderator variables relating to the beneficial effects of (poly)phenol consumption on cognitive and brain function in humans. Therefore, it seems more advantageous to start anti-aging (poly)phenol interventions in adults earlier in life using medium (≈500 mg) to high doses (≈1000 mg) of phenolic compounds, with at least medium bioavailability rate (≥9%).

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Tired and Apprehensive: Anxiety Amplifies the Impact of Sleep Loss on Aversive Brain Anticipation

Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.1523/jneurosci.5578-12.2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (26) ◽

pp. 10607-10615 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

A. N. Goldstein ◽

S. M. Greer ◽

J. M. Saletin ◽

A. G. Harvey ◽

J. B. Nitschke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Loss ◽

The Impact

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Sex differences in the circadian regulation of sleep and waking cognition in humans

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1521637113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 113 (19) ◽

pp. E2730-E2739 ◽

Cited By ~ 106

Author(s):

Nayantara Santhi ◽

Alpar S. Lazar ◽

Patrick J. McCabe ◽

June C. Lo ◽

John A. Groeger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Performance Measures ◽

Brain Function ◽

Early Morning ◽

Circadian Rhythmicity ◽

Men And Women ◽

Circadian Phase ◽

Time Awake ◽

Everyday Performance ◽

The Impact

The sleep–wake cycle and circadian rhythmicity both contribute to brain function, but whether this contribution differs between men and women and how it varies across cognitive domains and subjective dimensions has not been established. We examined the circadian and sleep–wake-dependent regulation of cognition in 16 men and 18 women in a forced desynchrony protocol and quantified the separate contributions of circadian phase, prior sleep, and elapsed time awake on cognition and sleep. The largest circadian effects were observed for reported sleepiness, mood, and reported effort; the effects on working memory and temporal processing were smaller. Although these effects were seen in both men and women, there were quantitative differences. The amplitude of the circadian modulation was larger in women in 11 of 39 performance measures so that their performance was more impaired in the early morning hours. Principal components analysis of the performance measures yielded three factors, accuracy, effort, and speed, which reflect core performance characteristics in a range of cognitive tasks and therefore are likely to be important for everyday performance. The largest circadian modulation was observed for effort, whereas accuracy exhibited the largest sex difference in circadian modulation. The sex differences in the circadian modulation of cognition could not be explained by sex differences in the circadian amplitude of plasma melatonin and electroencephalographic slow-wave activity. These data establish the impact of circadian rhythmicity and sex on waking cognition and have implications for understanding the regulation of brain function, cognition, and affect in shift-work, jetlag, and aging.

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The Impact of Inflammation on Brain Function and Behavior in Rodent Models of Affective Disorders

Inflammation and Immunity in Depression ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-811073-7.00005-2 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 85-102

Author(s):

Farheen Farzana ◽

Thibault Renoir ◽

Anthony J. Hannan

Keyword(s):

Affective Disorders ◽

Brain Function ◽

Rodent Models ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Impact

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The impact of physical activities on age-related brain function and structure and the underlying neural mechanisms

Physical Activity and Educational Achievement ◽

10.4324/9781315305790-10 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 164-177

Author(s):

Patrick Müller ◽

Anita Hökelmann ◽

Notger G. Müller

Keyword(s):

Brain Function ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Neural Mechanisms ◽

Age Related ◽

The Impact

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95. Identifying Sensitive Periods for the Impact of Insufficient Sleep on Reward-Related Brain Function and Future Depression Among At-Risk Youth

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.03.109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (10) ◽

pp. S39-S40

Author(s):

Adriane Soehner ◽

Michele Bertocci ◽

Anna Manelis ◽

Genna Bebko ◽

Cecile Ladouceur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Brain Function ◽

At Risk Youth ◽

Insufficient Sleep ◽

Sensitive Periods ◽

The Impact

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How the Post-Fracture Rehabilitation Choice Affects Brain Function in Older People?

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra ◽

10.1159/000495937 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 34-43

Author(s):

Noriko Mitsuboshi ◽

Minoru Kouzuki ◽

Shigeru Mochida ◽

Kanehito Morimoto ◽

Katsuya Urakami

Keyword(s):

Spectral Analysis ◽

Brain Function ◽

Therapy Group ◽

Power Spectral Analysis ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Coherence Analysis ◽

Power Spectral ◽

Panel Type ◽

Potential Methods ◽

The Impact

Background: We investigated how the type of rehabilitation affects brain function and antioxidant potential. Methods: Twenty-eight patients hospitalized for fall-related fractures were assigned to either a physical therapy group or an occupational therapy group. Cognition was assessed using the Touch Panel-type Dementia Assessment Scale (TDAS) and oxidative stress with serum pentosidine levels. Spectral analysis and coherence analysis were also performed. Results: Changes in TDAS scores and serum pentosidine levels did not differ significantly between the 2 therapies. Power spectral analysis revealed a significant intergroup difference in δ waves. Coherence analysis showed significant intergroup differences in the activities of δ waves and β waves. Conclusions: Cognitive function and antioxidant potential did not differ between the 2 types of rehabilitation. However, the impact on cerebral neuronal activity may have differed.

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A Genetic Polymorphism of the Human Dopamine Transporter Determines the Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Brain Responses to Rewards and Punishments

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn_a_00939 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 803-810 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Stephanie M. Greer ◽

Andrea N. Goldstein ◽

Brian Knutson ◽

Matthew P. Walker

Keyword(s):

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Dopamine Transporter ◽

Sleep Loss ◽

Functional Polymorphisms ◽

Motivated Behavior ◽

Brain Responses ◽

Lack Of Sleep ◽

Gains And Losses ◽

The Impact

Despite an emerging link between alterations in motivated behavior and a lack of sleep, the impact of sleep deprivation on human brain mechanisms of reward and punishment remain largely unknown, as does the role of trait dopamine activity in modulating such effects in the mesolimbic system. Combining fMRI with an established incentive paradigm and individual genotyping, here, we test the hypothesis that trait differences in the human dopamine transporter (DAT) gene—associated with altered synaptic dopamine signalling—govern the impact of sleep deprivation on neural sensitivity to impending monetary gains and losses. Consistent with this framework, markedly different striatal reward responses were observed following sleep loss depending on the DAT functional polymorphisms. Only participants carrying a copy of the nine-repeat DAT allele—linked to higher phasic dopamine activity—expressed amplified striatal response during anticipation of monetary gain following sleep deprivation. Moreover, participants homozygous for the ten-repeat DAT allele—linked to lower phasic dopamine activity—selectively demonstrated an increase in sensitivity to monetary loss within anterior insula following sleep loss. Together, these data reveal a mechanistic dependency on human of trait dopaminergic function in determining the interaction between sleep deprivation and neural processing of rewards and punishments. Such findings have clinical implications in disorders where the DAT genetic polymorphism presents a known risk factor with comorbid sleep disruption, including attention hyperactive deficit disorder and substance abuse.

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