Phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast genome uncover evolutionary relationship of all the nine species and six cultivars of tree peony

Three types of spinach, green spinach (GS), red spinach (RS), and tree spinach (TS) are consumed in Sri Lanka. GS, RS, and TS are referred to as Basella alba, Basella rubra, and Talinum fruticosum respectively. However, some taxonomists categorize GS and RS under B. alba causing an ambiguity. Due to the poor sanitation, consumers prefer to purchase greenhouse-grown spinach over field grown material. However, the taste parameters of field grown and greenhouse-grown spinach have not been assessed. The objectives of the present study were to resolve the taxonomic ambiguity between GS and RS, identify the evolutionary relationship of TS to other two species and to assess the organoleptic preference on the dishes prepared using greenhouse and field-grown shoot-tops of three spinach. The genomic DNA extracted from GS, RS, and TS, PCR amplified and sequenced for the barcoding markers rbcL, ITS, matK-trnT and atpB-rbcL. The sequences obtained along with other reported related sequences were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. A sensory test was carried out using the shoot-tops of three species grown under greenhouse and field conditions. The taste panelists were asked to rank the dishes for preferred levels of color, aroma, texture, bitterness, and overall taste and the data were subjected to the association analysis. The rbcL and ITS markers separate GS and RS into two well -supported clades, B. alba and B. rubra respectively. The polymorphisms of atpB-rbcL and matK-trnT markers support the definition of two species. The monophyly of B. alba and B. rubra with T. fruticosum must be the reason for the same palate in dishes and designation of all three species under “spinach” in Sri Lanka. The taste panel data demonstrated that there is no specific fondness for greenhouse or field grown materials enabling the popularization of greenhouse-grown spinach to answer the safety concerns.

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Evolutionary Relationship of Wheat Protein Disulphide Isomerase (PDI) Gene Promoter Sequence Based on Phylogenetic Analysis

American Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.4236/ajps.2012.33045 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 03 (03) ◽

pp. 373-380

Author(s):

Arun Prabhu Dhanapal

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Gene Promoter ◽

Promoter Sequence ◽

Wheat Protein ◽

Protein Disulphide Isomerase ◽

Relationship Of

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Current Situation, Global Potential Distribution and Evolution of Six Almond Species in China

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.619883 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Wei Wang ◽

Zhen-Jian Li ◽

Ying-Long Zhang ◽

Xin-Qiao Xu

Keyword(s):

Chloroplast Genome ◽

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Prunus Dulcis ◽

Field Investigation ◽

Climate Variables ◽

Maxent Model ◽

Genome Data ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Wild Almond ◽

Climatic Characteristics

Almond resources are widely distributed in Central Asia; its distribution has not been studied in detail. Based on the first-hand data of field investigation, climate variables and chloroplast genome data, climatic characteristics of six almond species in China were analyzed, and the global distribution and evolutionary relationship were predicted. The six almond species are concentrated between 27.99°N and 60.47°N. Different almond species have different climatic characteristics. The climate of the almond species distribution has its characteristics, and the distribution of almond species was consistent with the fatty acid cluster analysis. All the test AUC (area under curve) values of MaxEnt model were larger than 0.92. The seven continents except for Antarctica contain suitable areas for the six almond species, and such areas account for approximately 8.08% of the total area of these six continents. Based on the analysis of chloroplast DNA and the distribution characteristics, the evolutionary relationship of the six almond species was proposed, which indicated that China was not the origin of almond. In this study, the construction of a phylogenetic tree based on the chloroplast genome and the characteristics of geographical distribution were constructed. The six almond species in China may have evolved from “Unknown almond species” through two routes. The MaxEnt model for each almond species provided satisfactory results. The prediction results can provide the important reference for Prunus dulcis cultivation, wild almond species development and protection.

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Comparative Genomics of Copia and Gypsy Retroelements in Three Banana Genomes: A, B, and S Genomes

Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science ◽

10.47836/pjtas.44.4.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Sigit Nur Pratama ◽

Fenny Martha Dwivany ◽

Husna Nugrahapraja

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Transposable Elements ◽

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Repetitive Elements ◽

B Genome ◽

Copy Numbers ◽

Multiple Alignments ◽

A Genome ◽

Genome Assemblies ◽

Relationship Of

In plants, the proportion of transposable elements (TEs) is generally dominated by long terminal repeat (LTR) retroelements. Therefore, it significantly impacts on genome expansion and genetic and phenotypic variation, namely Copia and Gypsy. Despite such contribution, TEs characterisation in an important crop such as banana [Musa balbisiana (B genome), Musa acuminata (A genome), and Musa schizocarpa (S genome)] remains poorly understood. This study aimed to compare B, A, and S genomes based on repetitive element proportions and copy numbers and determine the evolutionary relationship of LTR using phylogenetic analysis of the reverse transcriptase (RT) domain. Genome assemblies were acquired from the Banana Genome Hub (banana-genome-hub.southgreen.fr). Repetitive elements were masked by RepeatMasker 4.0.9 before Perl parsing. Phylograms were constructed according to domain analysis using DANTE (Domain-based ANnotation of Transposable Elements), alignments were made using MAFFT 7 (multiple alignments using fast Fourier transform), and trees were inferred using FastTree 2. The trees were inspected using SeaView 4 and visualised with FigTree 1.4.4. We reported that B, A, and S genomes are composed of repetitive elements with 19.38%, 20.78%, and 25.96%, respectively. The elements were identified with dominant proportions in the genome are LTR, in which Copia is more abundant than Gypsy. Based on RT phylogenetic analysis, LTR elements are clustered into 13 ancient lineages in which Sire (Copia) and Reina (Gypsy) are shown to be the most abundant LTR lineages in bananas.

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Potential Vaccine Targets for COVID-19 and Phylogenetic Analysis Based on the Nucleocapsid Phosphoprotein of Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 Isolates

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ◽

10.22146/ijp.1497 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 328-337

Author(s):

Muhammad Aldino ◽

Renadya Maulani ◽

Rasyadan Probojati ◽

Viol Dhea Karisma ◽

Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Peptide Vaccine ◽

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Nucleocapsid Proteins ◽

N Protein ◽

The World ◽

Potential Vaccine ◽

The One ◽

Relationship Of

Recently, the world is facing the outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2 and the number of infected patients is increasing every day. Researchers are doing their best to find the most effective treatment to tackle this deathly virus. Several approaches had been proposed to be tested in the lab for the efficacy but none of them are qualified to be use as the treatment of the COVID-19. Therefore, the aim of this study is to design a vaccine based on epitope, which were obtained from the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N protein). In addition, 38 samples of SARS-CoV-2 Isolates were being retrieved from the GISAID Database and NCBI GenBank. Later on, these samples will be used for checking the evolutionary relationship of the SARS-CoV-2 and also, to determine whether this nucleocapsid proteins are well-conserved (less or even no mutations occur at all) and whether there was any evolutionary relationship between the recent coronavirus with the previous coronavirus by conducting the phylogenetic analysis. Then, we wanted to see the molecular interaction between the human BCR/FAB receptor with the predicted peptides through the molecular docking process. All of the peptides were generated by the IEDB analysis tools and have already been tested for the antigenicity, so the one that was being docked are the peptide that has antigen properties. Based on the analysis that had been done, we would like to recommend the PEP1 as an epitope-based peptide vaccine candidate to deal with the SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks.

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Phylogeny of actin and tubulin gene homologs in diverse eukaryotic species

Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) ◽

10.31742/ijgpb.79s.1.20 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 (01S) ◽

Author(s):

Pawan Kumar Jayaswal ◽

Asheesh Shanker ◽

Nagendra Kumar Singh

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Genomic Data ◽

Gene Clusters ◽

Species Trees ◽

Model Species ◽

Tubulin Gene ◽

Tubulin Genes ◽

Eukaryotic Species ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Insight Into

Actin and tubulin are cytoskeleton proteins, which are important components of the celland are conserved across species. Despite their crucial significance in cell motility and cell division the distribution and phylogeny of actin and tubulin genes across taxa is poorly understood. Here we used publicly available genomic data of 49 model species of plants, animals, fungi and Protista for further understanding the distribution of these genes among diverse eukaryotic species using rice as reference. The highest numbers of rice actin and tubulin gene homologs were present in plants followed by animals, fungi and Protista species, whereas ten actin and nine tubulin genes were conserved in all 49 species. Phylogenetic analysis of 19 actin and 18 tubulin genes clustered them into four major groups each. One each of the actin and tubulin gene clusters was conserved across eukaryotic species. Species trees based on the conserved actin and tubulin genes showed evolutionary relationship of 49 different taxa clustered into plants, animals, fungi and Protista. This study provides a phylogenetic insight into the evolution of actin and tubulin genes in diverse eukaryotic species.

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