scholarly journals Alternative Management Options for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-391
Author(s):  
Cristina Raimondo ◽  
Pawel Balsam
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Alternative Management

Advances in precision agriculture in south-eastern Australia. I. A regression methodology to simulate spatial variation in cereal yields using farmers' historical paddock yields and normalised difference vegetation index

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Fisher ◽  
M. Abuzar ◽  
M. A. Rab ◽  
F. Best ◽  
S. Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Alternative Management ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index

Despite considerable interest by Australian farmers in precision agriculture (PA), its uptake has been low. Analysis of the possible financial benefits of alternative management options that are based on the underlying patterns of observed spatial and temporal yield variability in a paddock could increase farmer confidence in adopting PA. The cost and difficulty in collecting harvester yield maps have meant that spatial yield data are generally not available in Australia. This study proposes a simple, economical and easy to use approach to generate simulated yield maps by using paddock-specific relationships between satellite normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the farmer’s average paddock yield records. The concept behind the approach is illustrated using a limited dataset. For each of 12 paddocks in a property where a farmer’s paddock-level yield data were available for 3–5 years, the paddock-level yields showed a close to linear relationship with paddock-level NDVI across seasons. This estimated linear relationship for each paddock was used to simulate mean yields for the paddock at the subpaddock level at which NDVI data were available. For one paddock of 167 ha, for which 4 years of harvester yield data and 6 years of NDVI data were available, the map of simulated mean yield was compared with the map of harvester mean yield. The difference between the two maps, expressed as percentage deviation from the observed mean yield, was <20% for 63% of the paddock and <40% for 78% of the paddock area. For 3 seasons when there were both harvester yield data and NDVI data, the individual season simulated yields were within 30% of the observed yields for over 70% of the paddock area in 2 of the seasons, which is comparable with spatial crop modelling results reported elsewhere. For the third season, simulated yields were within 30% of the observed yield in only 22% of the paddock, but poor seasonal conditions meant that 40% of the paddock yielded <100 kg/ha. To illustrate the type of financial analysis of alternative management options that could be undertaken using the simulated yield data, a simple economic analysis comparing uniform v. variable rate nitrogen fertiliser is reported. This indicated that the benefits of using variable rate technology varied considerably between paddocks, depending on the degree of spatial yield variability. The proposed simulated yield mapping requires greater validation with larger datasets and a wider range of sites, but potentially offers growers and land managers a rapid and cost-effective tool for the initial estimation of subpaddock yield variability. Such maps could provide growers with the information necessary to carry out on-farm testing of the potential benefits of using variable applications of agronomic inputs, and to evaluate the financial benefits of greater investment in PA technology.

Simulations of the influence of clear-cutting on the risk of wind damage on a regional scale over a 20-year period

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2247-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongcheng Zeng ◽  
Heli Peltola ◽  
Ari Talkkari ◽  
Harri Strandman ◽  
Ari Venäläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Wind Damage ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Alternative Management ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Risk Of Wind Damage ◽  
Forest Managers

The aim of this study was to integrate component models for tree growth, wind damage, and airflow to assess the consequences of alternative forest-management options on the long-term risk of wind damage on a regional scale. This work could help forest managers to identify possible vulnerable edges and determine the probability of risk for alternative management plans. This new, integrated system was applied to assessing the risk of wind damage over a 20-year period on three alternative management choices. The risk was compared for the current forest edges without creating new edges (case study I) and situations where new edges were created through different clear-cut options (case studies II and III). Case study II represented more intensive cuttings compared with case study III (over four times more timber was cut). It was found that despite intensive cuttings in case study II, only 15% and 7% fewer vulnerable edges were found on average (risk probability class ≥0.1%) in case studies I and III, respectively. Therefore, forest managers must consider the possible risk of wind damage when harvesting timber.

scholarly journals Suppression of Pythium and Phytophthora Damping-Off of Rooibos by Compost and a Combination of Compost and Nonpathogenic Pythium Taxa

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1605-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Bahramisharif ◽  
Sandra C. Lamprecht ◽  
Frikkie Calitz ◽  
Adéle McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pythium Irregulare ◽  
Alternative Management ◽  
Phenylamide Fungicides ◽  
Aspalathus Linearis

Pathogenic oomycetes, including Phytophthora cinnamomi and several Pythium spp. (Pythium irregulare, P. mamillatum, P. myriotylum, and P. pyrilobum), cause serious damping-off problems in rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) nurseries. The management of these pathogens in organic nurseries is problematic, because phenylamide fungicides may not be used. Compost, or compost in combination with Pythium taxa that are nonpathogenic to rooibos (P. acanthicum, P. cederbergense, and Pythium RB II), were investigated as alternative management options. Compost was able to suppress damping-off caused by several oomycete isolates but there was within- and between-species variation among the 30 evaluated isolates. This phenomenon was observed using two compost batches (A and B) sourced from independent suppliers. Compost B significantly reduced damping-off caused by 60% of the isolates, whereas compost A controlled only 37% of the isolates. The pathogens that were more readily controlled by both composts included P. mamillatum and P. pyrilobum, whereas the composts were ineffective at suppressing damping-off caused by >62% of P. irregulare and >50% of P. myriotylum isolates. Based on the evaluation of one Phytophthora cinnamomi isolate, this pathogen may also be controlled by compost. Neither of the composts as a stand-alone treatment could suppress damping-off caused by a combination of pathogenic species (P. cinnamomi, Pythium irregulare, P. mamillatum, P. myriotylum, and P. pyrilobum). However, damping-off was significantly reduced when nonpathogenic Pythium taxa (P. acanthicum, P. cederbergense, and Pythium RB II) were combined with the composts. Similarly, damping-off caused by a P. irregulare isolate that was not suppressed by either of the composts alone was significantly suppressed when the two composts were inoculated with the nonpathogenic Pythium taxa.

“Risk” in fisheries management: a review

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICC Francis ◽  
R Shotton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Precautionary Approach ◽  
Alternative Management ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Two Stages

``Risk'' has appeared more frequently in the fisheries management literature in recent years. The reasons for this are partly internal (scientists seeking better ways to advise fishery managers) and partly external (e.g., adoption of the precautionary approach). Though terminology varies, there is consensus that there are two stages in dealing with risk. The first (here called risk assessment) is the formulation of advice for fisheries managers in a way that conveys the possible consequences of uncertainty. This advice is in the form of an evaluation of the expected effects of alternative management options, rather than recommendations. Risk assessment has been undertaken in many fisheries, and there is general agreement as to how it should be done (although technical details differ). The second stage (risk management) is the way fishery managers take uncertainty into account in making decisions. Much fisheries risk management is informal, i.e., nonquantitative, undocumented, and loosely linked (if at all) with a risk assessment. The major reason for this is that the objectives of fisheries management are often conflicting and are rarely stated in a way that provides explicit direction to managers or scientists.

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