Blowby vs face mask for nebulized drugs in young children*1

2004 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. S32 ◽  
Author(s):  
D GELLER
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Nebulized Drugs

scholarly journals At what age should infants and young children wear a face mask to protect against COVID-19?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Horne ◽  
Sally Baddock ◽  
Prem Fort ◽  
Peter Blair
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Physiological Evidence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Face masks are strongly recommended as a tool in the fight against COVID-19 and in adults there is very strong evidence that wearing a face mask is protective to the individual and also aids in decreasing the spread of the virus. There is less evidence for the protective effect of wearing face masks in children and the age at which children are recommended to wear masks differs widely between organisations and countries. This review summarises the current evidence of the benefits and disadvantages of children wearing a face mask, the physiological evidence of face covering in young children and the differences in recommendations between organisations and where there might be consensus.

Aerosol Therapy with Valved Holding Chambers in Young Children, Importance of a Face Mask Seal

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 110 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 456-456
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Randolph
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Aerosol Therapy

scholarly journals Face Masks in Young Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Parents' and Pediatricians' Point of View

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémy Assathiany ◽  
Catherine Salinier ◽  
Stéphane Béchet ◽  
Claire Dolard ◽  
Fabienne Kochert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Consultation ◽  
The Many ◽  
French Association ◽  
Better Than

Background: In countries with high SARS-CoV-2 circulation, the pandemic has presented many challenges on different fronts, affecting lives and livelihoods; efforts to keep schools open are among the most important. In France, to keep schools open, wearing a face mask has been mandatory for children from age 6 years since November 2020.Objective: To evaluate the acceptability and tolerance of this measure by children as well as both parents and pediatricians.Setting: Parents registered on the website of the French Association of Ambulatory Pediatrics and pediatricians members of this association.Participants: All parents and pediatricians who agreed to take part in the survey.Results: Among the 2,954 questionnaires for the parents' survey, the reasons for wearing a mask were understood by 54.6% of parents, most of whom (84.6%) explained the reasons to their children. The parents applied this measure because it was mandatory (93.4%) even if they disagreed (63.3%). When interviewed by parents, children said they were usually embarrassed (80.9%) by the mask. The main symptoms or changes of behavior attributed to the mask according to parents were headache (49.0%), speaking difficulties (45%), change in mood (45.2%) and breathing discomfort (28.1%). Among the 663 pediatricians who responded, many agreed with mandatory mask-wearing at age 6 years (67.7%). Overall, 15% of pediatricians systematically asked about the mask tolerance during the consultation. During the medical consultation, when the parents complained about the mask (64.3%), the main drawbacks were related to fog on glasses (reported by 68.2% of pediatricians), breathing discomfort (53.1% of pediatricians), cutaneous disorders (42.4% of pediatricians) and headaches (38.2% of pediatricians).Conclusion: Despite the many inconveniences reported, children agree to wear the mask better than their parents think. Pediatricians should sufficiently take the opportunity during the consultation to further explain the reasons for wearing the mask because their pedagogical role is crucial.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Oxygen Therapy by Simple Face Mask and Nasal Cannula for Acute Respiratory Failure in Infants and Young Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana D. BADIU TIŞA ◽  
Sorana BOLBOACĂ ◽  
Nicolae MIU ◽  
Daniela IACOB
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Nasal Cannula ◽  
Oxygen Administration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Premises: Acute respiratory failure caused by respiratory diseases, which is a frequent pathology in infants and young children, requires oxygen therapy, which can be administered by different devices. Objectives: To evaluate the efficiency of two devices for oxygen administration by determining a clinical appraisal score for acute respiratory failure in infants and young children by oxygen therapy using simple face masks and nasal cannulas. Material and methods: 74 children, aged between one month and 3 years were included in our study. Oxygen therapy was administered by face mask to 38 patients, and by nasal cannula to 36 patients. A clinical appraisal score of respiratory failure was calculated both before and after oxygen therapy. Oxygen saturation was measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2) and arterial or capillary blood gas (SaO2) before, and 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the initiation of oxygen therapy. Results: We found an improvement in the clinical score regardless of the method of administration; this improvement was more obvious at 60 minutes than at the 30 min evaluation (p

The Modification of Hypernasality in Young Children

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moya L. Andrews ◽  
Sarah J. Tardy ◽  
Lisa G. Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Voice Therapy

This paper presents an approach to voice therapy programming for young children who are hypernasal. Some general principles underlying the approach are presented and discussed.

Lexical Comprehension in Young Children With Developmental Delays

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Kouri
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Lexical Concepts

Lexical comprehension skills were examined in 20 young children (aged 28–45 months) with developmental delays (DD) and 20 children (aged 19–34 months) with normal development (ND). Each was assigned to either a story-like script condition or a simple ostensive labeling condition in which the names of three novel object and action items were presented over two experimental sessions. During the experimental sessions, receptive knowledge of the lexical items was assessed through a series of target and generalization probes. Results indicated that all children, irrespective of group status, acquired more lexical concepts in the ostensive labeling condition than in the story narrative condition. Overall, both groups acquired more object than action words, although subjects with ND comprehended more action words than subjects with DD. More target than generalization items were also comprehended by both groups. It is concluded that young children’s comprehension of new lexical concepts is facilitated more by a context in which simple ostensive labels accompany the presentation of specific objects and actions than one in which objects and actions are surrounded by thematic and event-related information. Various clinical applications focusing on the lexical training of young children with DD are discussed.

Eliciting Verbs From Children With Specific Language Impairment

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Frome Loeb ◽  
Clifton Pye ◽  
Sean Redmond ◽  
Lori Zobel Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Lexical Skills

The focus of assessment and intervention is often aimed at increasing the lexical skills of young children with language impairment. Frequently, the use of nouns is the center of the lexical assessment. As a result, the production of verbs is not fully evaluated or integrated into treatment in a way that accounts for their semantic and syntactic complexity. This paper presents a probe for eliciting verbs from children, describes its effectiveness, and discusses the utility of and problems associated with developing such a probe.

Productivity of Emerging Word Combinations in Toddlers With Specific Expressive Language Impairment

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Long ◽  
Lesley B. Olswang ◽  
Julianne Brian ◽  
Philip S. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Semantic Consistency ◽  
Session Analysis

This study investigated whether young children with specific expressive language impairment (SELI) learn to combine words according to general positional rules or specific, grammatic relation rules. The language of 20 children with SELI (4 females, 16 males, mean age of 33 months, mean MLU of 1.34) was sampled weekly for 9 weeks. Sixteen of these children also received treatment for two-word combinations (agent+action or possessor+possession). Two different metrics were used to determine the productivity of combinatorial utterances. One metric assessed productivity based on positional consistency alone; another assessed productivity based on positional and semantic consistency. Data were analyzed session-by-session as well as cumulatively. The results suggest that these children learned to combine words according to grammatic relation rules. Results of the session-by-session analysis were less informative than those of the cumulative analysis. For children with SELI ready to make the transition to multiword utterances, these findings support a cumulative method of data collection and a treatment approach that targets specific grammatic relation rules rather than general word combinations.

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