Short-term and long-term effects of major depressive disorder subtypes on obesity markers and impact of sex on these associations

Background: Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is a relapse prevention treatment for major depressive disorder. Method: An observational clinical audit of 39 participants explored the long-term effects of MBCT using standardized measures of depression (BDI-II), rumination (RSS), and mindfulness (MAAS). Results: MBCT was associated with statistically significant reductions in depression from pre to post treatment. Gains were maintained over time (Group 1, 1–12 months, p = .002; Group 2, 13–24 months, p = .001; Group 3, 25–34 months, p = .04). Depression scores in Group 3 did begin to worsen, yet were still within the mild range of the BDI-II. Treatment variables such as attendance at “booster” sessions and ongoing mindfulness practice correlated with better depression outcomes (p = .003 and p = .03 respectively). There was a strong negative correlation between rumination and mindful attention (p < .001), consistent with a proposed mechanism of metacognition in the efficacy of MBCT. Conclusion: It is suggested that ongoing MBCT skills and practice may be important for relapse prevention over the longer term. Larger randomized studies of the mechanisms of MBCT with longer follow-up periods are recommended.

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Long-Term Effects of the Family Check-Up in Public Secondary School on Diagnosed Major Depressive Disorder in Adulthood

Journal of Youth and Adolescence ◽

10.1007/s10964-016-0482-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 570-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Arin M. Connell ◽

Thomas J. Dishion

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Secondary School ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Public Secondary School ◽

The Family

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Measures of suicidality in phase 3 clinical trials of levomilnacipran ER in adults with major depressive disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852916000663 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 475-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael E. Thase ◽

Carl Gommoll ◽

Changzheng Chen ◽

Kenneth Kramer ◽

Arif Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Short Term ◽

Open Label ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Double Blind ◽

And Behavior

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of levomilnacipran extended-release (ER) on suicidal ideation and behavior in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsPost hoc analyses were conducted in patients from 4 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials and a long-term, open-label extension study of levomilnacipran ER (40-120 mg/d) in adults with MDD. Analyses included incidence of suicide-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs); incidence of Columbia–Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) suicidal ideation (score=1–5) and behavior (score=6-10); percent of patients who shifted from no C-SSRS suicidal ideation/behavior at baseline to suicidal ideation during treatment (worsened from score=0 to score=1–5), or vice-versa (improved from score=1-5 to score=0).ResultsSuicide-related TEAEs occurred in<1% of patients in the levomilnacipran ER studies. The incidence of C-SSRS suicidal ideation was 22.2%, 23.9%, and 21.7% for placebo, short-term levomilnacipran ER, and long-term levomilnacipran ER, respectively; C-SSRS suicidal behavior was<1% in all of these groups. In the short-term studies, the percentage of patients with C-SSRS shifts were as follows: worsening from score=0 to score=1–5 (placebo, 8.6%; levomilnacipran ER, 11.0%); improvement from score=1–5 to score=0 (placebo, 24.0%; levomilnacipran ER, 27.7%).ConclusionIn adult MDD patients, the incidence of suicidal ideation and behavior was similar between placebo and short-term levomilnacipran ER as indicated by TEAE reports and C-SSRS scores. Worsening in C-SSRS scores was also similar between placebo and levomilnacipran ER. There was no indication of increased suicidality during longer courses of continued therapy. Together, these findings suggest that this medication is not associated with increased risks of suicidal ideation or behavior.

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Decreased Fronto-Limbic Activation and Disrupted Semantic-Cued List Learning in Major Depressive Disorder

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617716000023 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 412-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Michelle T. Kassel ◽

Julia A. Rao ◽

Sara J. Walker ◽

Emily M. Briceño ◽

Laura B. Gabriel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Term Memory ◽

List Learning

AbstractObjectives: Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) demonstrate poorer learning and memory skills relative to never-depressed comparisons (NDC). Previous studies report decreased volume and disrupted function of frontal lobes and hippocampi in MDD during memory challenge. However, it has been difficult to dissociate contributions of short-term memory and executive functioning to memory difficulties from those that might be attributable to long-term memory deficits. Methods: Adult males (MDD, n=19; NDC, n=22) and females (MDD, n=23; NDC, n=19) performed the Semantic List Learning Task (SLLT) during functional magnetic resonance imaging. The SLLT Encoding condition consists of 15 lists, each containing 14 words. After each list, a Distractor condition occurs, followed by cued Silent Rehearsal instructions. Post-scan recall and recognition were collected. Groups were compared using block (Encoding-Silent Rehearsal) and event-related (Words Recalled) models. Results: MDD displayed lower recall relative to NDC. NDC displayed greater activation in several temporal, frontal, and parietal regions, for both Encoding-Silent Rehearsal and the Words Recalled analyses. Groups also differed in activation patterns in regions of the Papez circuit in planned analyses. The majority of activation differences were not related to performance, presence of medications, presence of comorbid anxiety disorder, or decreased gray matter volume in MDD. Conclusions: Adults with MDD exhibit memory difficulties during a task designed to reduce the contribution of individual variability from short-term memory and executive functioning processes, parallel with decreased activation in memory and executive functioning circuits. Ecologically valid long-term memory tasks are imperative for uncovering neural correlates of memory performance deficits in adults with MDD. (JINS, 2016, 22, 412–425)

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Potential Long-Term Effects of a Mind–Body Intervention for Women With Major Depressive Disorder: Sustained Mental Health Improvements With a Pilot Yoga Intervention

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing ◽

10.1016/j.apnu.2014.08.014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 377-383 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Patricia Anne Kinser ◽

R.K. Elswick ◽

Susan Kornstein

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Yoga Intervention

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Suicidal ideation and behavior in adults with major depressive disorder treated with vortioxetine: post hoc pooled analyses of randomized, placebo-controlled, short-term and open-label, long-term extension trials

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s109285291900097x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 352-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Atul R. Mahableshwarkar ◽

John Affinito ◽

Elin Heldbo Reines ◽

Judith Xu ◽

George Nomikos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Short Term ◽

Open Label ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Increased Risk ◽

And Behavior ◽

Post Hoc

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the risk of suicidal ideation and behavior associated with vortioxetine treatment in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsSuicide-related events were evaluated post hoc using 2 study pools: one short-term pool of 10 randomized, placebo-controlled studies (6–8 weeks) and another long-term pool that included 3 open-label extension studies (52 weeks). Evaluation of suicide-related events was performed using Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) scores and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) data.ResultsAt baseline, the percentage of patients reporting any C-SSRS ideation or behavior events in short-term studies was similar between placebo (14.7%), vortioxetine (19.8%, 13.0%, 11.2%, and 13.7% for 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-mg groups, respectively), and duloxetine active reference (13.2%) and did not change throughout the 6- to 8-week treatment period for placebo (17.0%), vortioxetine (19.3%, 13.5%, 12.6%, and 15% for 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-mg groups, respectively), or duloxetine (11.3%). The incidence of suicide-related events for TEAEs in the short-term pool was 0.4% for placebo, 0.2% or 1.0% for vortioxetine 5 mg or 10 mg, and 0.7% each for vortioxetine 15 mg and 20 mg, as well as duloxetine. After 52-week treatment with vortioxetine, suicidal ideation based on C-SSRS was 9.8%, C-SSRS suicidal behavior was 0.2%, and the incidence of suicide-related events based on TEAEs was <1%. There were no completed suicides in any study.ConclusionsVortioxetine is not associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation or behavior in MDD patients.

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Overview of Short-Term and Long-Term Safety of Brexpiprazole in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Inadequate Response to Antidepressant Treatment

Current Psychiatry Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573400512666160816095900 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 278-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

James Nelson ◽

Peter Zhang ◽

Aleksandar Skuban ◽

Mary Hobart ◽

Catherine Weiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Antidepressant Treatment ◽

Inadequate Response ◽

Short Term ◽

Major Depressive

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How a Depressive Medical Doctor Profited in the Long-Term from a New and Short Psychological Group-Treatment against Major Depressive Disorder

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041925 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1925

Author(s):

Daryl Wayne Niedermoser ◽

Nadeem Kalak ◽

Martin Meyer ◽

Nina Schweinfurth ◽

Marc Walter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Medical Doctor ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Work Related ◽

Related Stress

Background: Individuals suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) often describe workplace-related stress as one of the main causes of their disorder. Here, we present the story of a 33 year old “Bob” (a pseudonym) who suffered from a moderate (Hamilton-21 = 18) major depressive episode. Workplace-related stress seemed to be the main stressor for Bob at the time. We were interested in long-lasting effects of a newly established group called “work-related interpersonal Psychotherapy, W-IPT”. W-IPT consists of eight weekly 90 min sessions. The follow-ups were 12 weeks after the group-treatment and 18 months later. Bob was chosen because he agreed in advance to participate in a follow-up. We were interested if the group-treatment of W-IPT also has a persistent positive effect. Case presentation: We present the case of a 33-year-old man “Bob”. He was included in our previous published pilot-study 2020 with diagnosed moderate MDD, and he attended the group treatment. This case report focuses on a follow-up period of 18 months. A structured clinical interview for DSM-IV was carried out in order to be included in the study, and no comorbid diagnoses were detected. Conclusions: However, the psychotherapeutic effects in this case seem enduring and prolonged. Of course, additional research to study the long-term effects of W-IPT is needed, and more patients need to be included.

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