A technological transition in Mongolia evident in microstructure, chemical composition and radiocarbon age of cast iron artifacts

Abstract Determined was quantitative effect of nickel equivalent value on austenite decomposition degree during cooling-down castings of Ni-Mn- Cu cast iron. Chemical composition of the alloy was 1.8 to 5.0 % C, 1.3 to 3.0 % Si, 3.1 to 7.7 % Ni, 0.4 to 6.3 % Mn, 0.1 to 4.9 % Cu, 0.14 to 0.16 % P and 0.03 to 0.04 % S. Analysed were castings with representative wall thickness 10, 15 and 20 mm. Scope of the examination comprised chemical analysis (including WDS), microscopic observations (optical and scanning microscopy, image analyser), as well as Brinell hardness and HV microhardness measurements of structural components.

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Effect of chemical composition on the hardenability of high-strength cast iron

Metal Science and Heat Treatment ◽

10.1007/bf00715875 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 410-412

Author(s):

V. I. Litovka ◽

V. A. Reznik

Keyword(s):

Cast Iron ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

High Strength

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Internal oxidation of cast iron artifacts from an 18th-century steel cementation furnace

Journal of Archaeological Science ◽

10.1016/j.jas.2012.04.048 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (8) ◽

pp. 2714-2721 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Colin Thomas ◽

Richard Hunter ◽

Robert Gordon

Keyword(s):

Cast Iron ◽

Internal Oxidation ◽

18Th Century ◽

Iron Artifacts

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The Technological and Chronological Implication of 14C Concentrations in Carbon Samples Extracted from Mongolian Cast Iron Artifacts

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2019.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 61 (03) ◽

pp. 831-843 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J S Park ◽

W Honeychurch ◽

A Chunag

Keyword(s):

Cast Iron ◽

17Th Century ◽

Metallographic Examination ◽

Multiple Users ◽

Melt Treatment ◽

History Of ◽

Iron Artifacts ◽

Eastern Mongolia ◽

Early Historic

ABSTRACTCast iron objects recovered primarily in eastern Mongolia, spanning the Xiongnu through the Early Historic periods (ca. 3rd BC–AD 17th century), were examined for their radiocarbon (14C) concentration and microstructure. Most of the samples examined were found to have originated from charcoal-based smelting with a few exceptions that were made using a mineral coal-based technique. A comparison of 14C dates with dates derived from artifact typology allowed the charcoal-smelted objects to be classified into two groups, based on whether the radiometric and typological periodization are in agreement or not. In addition, those with differing 14C and typological dates can be divided into two subgroups with and without evidence for a melt treatment applied after original casting. These conflicting dating results are confusing and would seem to provoke skepticism about the use of 14C measurements for dating iron artifacts. We demonstrate however that 14C analysis, when combined with metallographic examination and other lines of chronological evidence, can clarify the history of a given iron object and its multiple users, often separated in time by more than a millennium.

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Assessing of New Coatings for Iron Artifacts Conservation by Recurrence Plots Analysis

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings9010012 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Paola Roncagliolo Barrera ◽

Francisco Rodríguez Gómez ◽

Esteban García Ochoa

Keyword(s):

Cast Iron ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Corrosion Inhibitors ◽

Electrochemical Noise ◽

High Humidity ◽

Recurrence Plots ◽

Surface Corrosion ◽

Temporary Protection ◽

Protection Method ◽

Iron Artifacts

Cast iron has stood for centuries of invention. It is a very versatile and durable material. Coating systems are a low-maintenance protection method. The purpose of this research is to increase the Paraloid coating’s resistance when applied to iron in high humidity atmospheres, with the addition of caffeine (1,3,7-dimethylxanthine) and nicotine (S)-3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl) pyridine as corrosion inhibitors; the resistance of protection versus exposure time will be evaluated by using electrochemical noise. A statistical analysis of the electrochemical noise signals was carried out. Recurrence plots were used as a powerful tool in the analysis to complement the data obtained and they predicted the evaluation of coatings behaviors performance versus time. The outcomes show that the addition of inhibitors increases and improves the performance as a temporary protection of Paraloid and that protection in high relative humidity was improved. Recurrence plots and parameter quantification show the variances in the surface corrosion dynamics.

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Computer Catalog and Semantic Search of Data in the Domain of Cast Iron Processing

Archives of Foundry Engineering ◽

10.1515/afe-2017-0055 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 79-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Rojek ◽

K. Regulski ◽

D. Wilk-Kołodziejczyk ◽

S. Kluska-Nawarecka ◽

T. Wawrzaszek

Keyword(s):

Cast Iron ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Knowledge Representation ◽

System Architecture ◽

Data Retrieval ◽

Semantic Search ◽

Semantic Meaning ◽

Formal Knowledge ◽

User Attention ◽

Processing Techniques

Abstract The aim of this study is to design and implement a computer system, which will allow the semantic cataloging and data retrieval in the field of cast iron processing. The intention is to let the system architecture allow for consideration of data on various processing techniques based on the information available or searched by a potential user. This is achieved by separating the system code from the knowledge of the processing operations or from the chemical composition of the material being processed. This is made possible by the creation and subsequent use of formal knowledge representation in the form of ontology. So, any use of the system is associated with the use of ontologies, either as an aid for the cataloging of new data, or as an indication of restrictions imposed on the data which draw user attention. The use of formal knowledge representation also allows consideration of semantic meaning, a consequence of which may be, for example, returning all elements in subclasses of the searched process class or material grade.

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