UNESCO Strategy and Digital Policies for Teacher Training: The Deconstruction of Innovation in Spain

This paper examines initial teacher training policies in the context of youth digitalisation. Based on international ICT competency frameworks for teachers (UNESCO, 2008, 2019) and information literacy, MIL (UNESCO, 2011), we analyse how Spanish (public and private) universities represent digital innovation, and the identity practices of young people, linked to hyperconnectivity. Focusing on initial training received by future secondary teachers, the sample was selected according to the criteria of non-presential learning (online, distance, blended) applied in the teacher training process. Results confirm ongoing deficiencies in critical teacher digitalisation management, highlighting certain asymmetries between the categories constructed. Data reveals the prevalence of intervention more geared towards formal knowledge than towards decoding digital grammar (which is how digitalisation is used in education). The paper concludes by advocating convergence strategies as a circular mechanism that must underpin all teacher training policies in the age of hyperconnectivity.

Is the “Green Washing” Effect Stronger than Real Scientific Knowledge? Are We Able to Transmit Formal Knowledge in the Face of Marketing Campaigns?

Nowadays, the majority of citizens are subjected to a great deal of (dis)information organized by marketing campaigns or by groups with political interests that indiscriminately abuse concepts such as sustainability, either bio or organic. One of the objectives of formal education in any developed country should be to transmit enough formal (scientific) knowledge about processes and products (related to chemistry, biology, economics, and mathematics) so that citizens can adequately reflect on what is really sustainable and what is not, and also to be able to evaluate the environmental impact of any process. In the first part of this work, we describe the results of a survey that has been carried out in order to assess whether citizens make decisions based on marketing campaigns or based on formal knowledge. It is analyzed if those that have followed STEM studies differ from the rest. In the second part, we propose an activity to be done, in a multidisciplinary approach, by students from both fine arts and engineering, with the objective of consolidating and putting into practice the formal knowledge they have acquired to adequately evaluate the sustainability of a process.

Storytelling as a Tool for Vicarious Learning among Air Medical Transport Crews

Learning vicariously from the experiences of others at work, such as those working on different teams or projects, has long been recognized as a driver of collective performance in organizations. Yet as work becomes more ambiguous and less observable in knowledge-intensive organizations, previously identified vicarious learning strategies, including direct observation and formal knowledge transfer, become less feasible. Drawing on ethnographic observations and interviews with flight nurse crews in an air medical transport program, I inductively build a model of how storytelling can serve as a valuable tool for vicarious learning. I explore a multistage process of triggering, telling, and transforming stories as a means by which flight nurses convert the raw experience of other crews’ patient transports into prospective knowledge and expanded repertoires of responses for potential future challenges. Further, I highlight how this storytelling process is situated within the transport program’s broader structures and practices, which serve to enable flight nurses’ storytelling and to scale the lessons of their stories throughout the entire program. I discuss the implications of these insights for the study of storytelling as a learning tool in organizations, as well as for revamping the field’s understanding of vicarious learning in knowledge-intensive work settings.

Percepción de la filosofía de RSE, de directivos de mypes del sector servicios en Piedras Negras Coahuila

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las acciones orientadas a conocer la filosofía de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) por parte de los directivos para determinar el grado de voluntad que tienen para contribuir al desarrollo sostenible. El estudio es descriptivo y transversal, contempló una población de 100 empresas con una muestra representativa de 80 micro y pequeñas empresas (mypes). La recopilación de la información se hizo a través de un instrumento que contempla 16 ítems en una escala tipo Likert. De manera general, los resultados mostraron que las empresas encuestadas, en su mayoría, no cuentan con conocimientos formales de la filosofía de RSE, lo que permite identificar las áreas de oportunidad en este campo y colaborar en su desarrollo responsable en favor de la sustentabilidad. AbstractThe objective of this research is the analysis of actions oriented towards the understanding of social corporate responsibility (CSR) by managers to determine the degree of willingness they have in contributing to sustainable development. This is a descriptive and cross-section research which contemplated a population of 100 enterprises consisting of a representative sample of 80 micro and small enterprises (MSE). The information gathered was performed through an instrument which contemplated 16 items on a Likert scale. In general, results show that the majority of enterprises surveyed lack formal knowledge of CRS philosophy, allowing the identification of areas of opportunities in this field and collaborating to their responsible development in favor of sustainability.

Design and Development of Online Pizza Ordering System

The “Pizza Ordering System" has been developed to override the problems prevailing in the participating manual system. This software is supported to eliminate and in some cases reduce the hardships faced by the existing system. Moreover this system is designed for the particular need of the company to carry out operations in a smooth and effective manner. The application is reduced as much as possible to avoid errors while entering the data. No formal knowledge is needed for the user to use this system. The main objective of the Pizza Ordering System is to manage the details of Payments, Customer, Pizza, and Order Status. The project is totally built at administrative end and thus only the administrator is guaranteed the access. The purpose of the project is to build an application program to reduce the manual work for managing the Payments, Customer, and Online Order. It tracks all the details about the Pizza, Order Status. The purpose of Pizza Ordering System is to automate the existing manual system by the help of computerized equipment and full- fledged computer software, fulfilling their equipment, so that their valuable data/information can be stored for a longer period with easy accessing and manipulation of the same. The required software and hardware are easily available and easy to workwith. Keywords: Include at least 5 keywords or phrases

India’s Traditional Knowledge Digital Library and the Politics of Patent Classifications

This article analyzes India’s Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) as a potential intervention in the administration of patent law. The TKDL is a database including a vast body of traditional medical knowledge from India, aiming to prevent the patenting and misappropriation of that knowledge. This article contextualizes the TKDL in relation to documentation theory as well as to existing research on the uses of databases to protect traditional knowledge. It explores the TKDL’s potential consequences for India’s traditional medical knowledge and the wider implications that traditional knowledge databases can have for the safeguarding of traditional knowledge in general. The article concludes that on the one hand the TKDL bridges the gap between the main branches of Indian traditional medicine and the formal knowledge system of International Patent Classifications. Furthermore, it has also inspired revisions of the International Patent Classification system, which makes it better adapted to incorporate traditional medical knowledge. On the other hand, critical research on traditional knowledge documentation argues that traditional knowledge databases, like the TKDL, can decontextualize the knowledge they catalogue and dispossess its original owners. The TKDL, however, also fits into a national, Indian agenda of documenting and modernizing traditional medicine that predates the formation of the TKDL by several decades and challenges the dichotomy between traditional and scientific knowledge systems that originally motivated the formation of the TKDL.

Emergence and Algorithmic Information Dynamics of Systems and Observers

Previous work has shown that perturbation analysis in algorithmic information dynamics can uncover generative causal processes of finite objects and quantify each of its element's information contribution to computably constructing the objects. One of the challenges for defining emergence is that the dependency on the observer's previous knowledge may cause a phenomenon to present itself as emergent for one observer at the same time that reducible for another observer. Thus, in order to quantify emergence of algorithmic information in computable generative processes, perturbation analyses may inherit such a problem of the dependency on the observer's previous formal knowledge. In this sense, by formalizing the act of observing as mutual perturbations, the emergence of algorithmic information becomes invariant, minimal, and robust to information costs and distortions, while it indeed depends on the observer. Then, we demonstrate that the unbounded increase of emergent algorithmic information implies asymptotically observer-independent emergence, which eventually overcomes any formal theory that any observer might devise. In addition, we discuss weak and strong emergence and analyze the concepts of observer-dependent emergence and asymptotically observer-independent emergence found in previous definitions and models in the literature of deterministic dynamical and computable systems.

A Systematic Model for Process Development Activities to Support Process Intelligence

Process, manufacturing, and service industries currently face a large number of non-trivial challenges ranging from product conception, going through design, development, commercialization, and delivering in a customized market’s environment. Thus, industries can benefit by integrating new technologies in their day-by-day tasks gaining profitability. This work presents a model for enterprise process development activities called the wide intelligent management architecture model to integrate new technologies for services, processes, and manufacturing companies who strive to find the most efficient way towards enterprise and process intelligence. The model comprises and structures three critical systems: process system, knowledge system, and transactional system. As a result, analytical tools belonging to process activities and transactional data system are guided by a systematic development framework consolidated with formal knowledge models. Thus, the model improves the interaction among processes lifecycle, analytical models, transactional system, and knowledge. Finally, a case study is presented where an acrylic fiber production plant applies the proposed model, demonstrating how the three models described in the methodology work together to reach the desired technology application life cycle assessment systematically. Results allow us to conclude that the interaction between the semantics of formal knowledge models and the processes-transactional system development framework facilitates and simplifies new technology implementation along with enterprise development activities.