Marine food consumption in coastal northern Chilean (Atacama Desert) populations during the Formative Period: Implications of isotopic evidence (C, N, S) for the Neolithic process in south central Andes

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 768-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Díaz-Zorita Bonilla ◽  
Dorothée G. Drucker ◽  
Pascale Richardin ◽  
Verónica Silva-Pinto ◽  
Marcela Sepúlveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Isotopic Evidence ◽  
South Central ◽  
Marine Food

scholarly journals Colors and dyes of archaeological textiles from Tarapacá in the Atacama Desert (South Central Andes)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Sepúlveda ◽  
Cecilia Lemp Urzúa ◽  
José Cárcamo-Vega ◽  
Edgar Casanova-Gónzalez ◽  
Sebastián Gutiérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Carminic Acid ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
South Central

AbstractThis work concerns the study of colors and dyes identified on archaeological textiles from the Atacama Desert. The different garments and ornaments come from the excavation of two important pre-Columbian cemeteries of the Tarapacá region: Tarapacá-40 attributed to the Formative period (1100 BC–660 AD) and Pica-8 to the Late Intermediate period (900–1450 AD). For the first time, a multi-analytical approach with non-invasive techniques using FORS and SERS was applied on samples of less than 2 cm of length for physicochemical characterization of the raw materials and the dyes employed in the textile production of northern Chile. The fibers are from animal origin. Blue, green, and yellow are identified as indigo, but we cannot discard a mixture with other dyes to vary hue and shade; while carminic acid and alizarin—to a lesser extent—are found on red, orange, and brown samples. This research provides new elements for the discussion about the textile technology developed in this desertic region, its changes, and continuities along the history. Our results are compared to recent findings on neighboring regions from South-Central Andes, to improve the current knowledge and discuss the existence of dyeing textile cultural traditions.

scholarly journals Compositional data supports decentralized model of production and circulation of artifacts in the pre-Columbian south-central Andes

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (20) ◽  
pp. E3917-E3926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Lazzari ◽  
Lucas Pereyra Domingorena ◽  
Wesley D. Stoner ◽  
María Cristina Scattolin ◽  
María Alejandra Korstanje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Andes ◽  
South Central ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ancient Exchange ◽  
Decentralized Model

The circulation and exchange of goods and resources at various scales have long been considered central to the understanding of complex societies, and the Andes have provided a fertile ground for investigating this process. However, long-standing archaeological emphasis on typological analysis, although helpful to hypothesize the direction of contacts, has left important aspects of ancient exchange open to speculation. To improve understanding of ancient exchange practices and their potential role in structuring alliances, we examine material exchanges in northwest Argentina (part of the south-central Andes) during 400 BC to AD 1000 (part of the regional Formative Period), with a multianalytical approach (petrography, instrumental neutron activation analysis, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) to artifacts previously studied separately. We assess the standard centralized model of interaction vs. a decentralized model through the largest provenance database available to date in the region. The results show: (i) intervalley heterogeneity of clays and fabrics for ordinary wares; (ii) intervalley homogeneity of clays and fabrics for a wide range of decorated wares (e.g., painted Ciénaga); (iii) selective circulation of two distinct polychrome wares (Vaquerías and Condorhuasi); (iv) generalized access to obsidian from one major source and various minor sources; and (v) selective circulation of volcanic rock tools from a single source. These trends reflect the multiple and conflicting demands experienced by people in small-scale societies, which may be difficult to capitalize by aspiring elites. The study undermines centralized narratives of exchange for this period, offering a new platform for understanding ancient exchange based on actual material transfers, both in the Andes and beyond.

scholarly journals Hydroclimate variability in the low-elevation Atacama Desert over the last 2500 yr

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Gayo ◽  
C. Latorre ◽  
C. M. Santoro ◽  
A. Maldonado ◽  
R. De Pol-Holz
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Riparian Ecosystems ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
The Past

Abstract. Paleoclimate reconstructions reveal that Earth system has experienced sub-millennial scale climate changes over the past two millennia in response to internal/external forcing. Although sub-millennial hydroclimate fluctuations have been detected in the central Andes during this interval, the timing, magnitude, extent and direction of change of these events remain poorly defined. Here, we present a reconstruction of hydroclimate variations on the Pacific slope of the central Andes based on exceptionally well-preserved plant macrofossils and associated archaeological remains from a hyperarid drainage (Quebrada Maní, ∼21° S, 1000 m a.s.l.) in the Atacama Desert. During the late Holocene, riparian ecosystems and farming social groups flourished in the hyperarid Atacama core as surface water availability increased throughout this presently sterile landscape. Twenty-six radiocarbon dates indicate that these events occurred between 1050–680, 1615–1350 and 2500–2040 cal yr BP. Regional comparisons with rodent middens and other records suggest that these events were synchronous with pluvial stages detected at higher-elevations in the central Andes over the last 2500 yr. These hydroclimate changes also coincide with periods of pronounced SST gradients in the Tropical Pacific (La Niña-like mode), conditions that are conducive to significantly increased rainfall in the central Andean highlands and flood events in the low-elevation watersheds at inter-annual timescales. Our findings indicate that the positive anomalies in the hyperarid Atacama over the past 2500 yr represent a regional response of the central Andean climate system to changes in the global hydrological cycle at centennial timescales. Furthermore, our results provide support for the role of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature gradient changes as the primary mechanism responsible for climate fluctuations in the central Andes. Finally, our results constitute independent evidence for comprehending the major trends in cultural evolution of prehistoric peoples that inhabited the region.

Exploring habitat diversity of mid-holocene hunter-gatherers in the South-Central Andes: Multi-proxy analysis of Cruces Core 1 (TC1), Dry Puna of Jujuy, Argentina

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 708-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo R. Morales ◽  
Sabrina Bustos ◽  
Brenda I. Oxman ◽  
Malena Pirola ◽  
Pablo Tchilinguirian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
The South ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
South Central

scholarly journals INTERACTUEMOS NOSOTROS TAMBIÉN A PANORAMA OF CERAMIC RESEARCH FROM THE SOUTH-CENTRAL ANDES

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-352
Author(s):  
Emily Stovel ◽  
María Beatriz Cremonte ◽  
Vivien G Standen
Keyword(s):  
Central Andes ◽  
The South ◽  
South Central

Transformations in ritual practice and social interaction on the Tiwanaku periphery

Antiquity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (341) ◽  
pp. 851-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Albarracin-Jordan ◽  
José M. Capriles ◽  
Melanie J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Middle Horizon ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Early States ◽  
Local Elite ◽  
South Central ◽  
Ritual Practices

Ritual practices and their associated material paraphernalia played a key role in extending the reach and ideological impact of early states. The discovery of a leather bag containing snuffing tablets and traces of psychoactive substances at Cueva del Chileno in the southern Andes testifies to the adoption of Tiwanaku practices by emergent local elites. Tiwanaku control spread over the whole of the south-central Andes during the Middle Horizon (AD 500–1100) but by the end of the period it had begun to fragment into a series of smaller polities. The bag had been buried by an emergent local elite who chose at this time to relinquish the former Tiwanaku ritual practices that its contents represent.

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