Energy absorption during impact on the proximal femur is affected by body mass index and flooring surface

CONTEXT: It is believed that about 25% of menopausal women in the USA will exhibit some kind of fracture as a consequence of osteoporosis. Fractures of the proximal femur are associated with a greater number of deaths and disabilities and higher medical expenses than all the other osteoporotic fractures together. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with proximal femur fracture in hospitals in São Paulo. DESIGN: Transversal and retrospective study. LOCAL: Hospital São Paulo and Hospital Servidor Público Estadual "Francisco Morato Oliveira". PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged sixty-five years or more hospitalized because of proximal femur fracture, from March to November 1996 (N = 73). This group was compared to patients of the same age without fracture of the proximal femur. INTERVENTION: Evaluation of weight, height, body mass index; lifestyle habits (physical activity at home, ingestion of dairy calcium, drinking of coffee, smoking habit), gynecological history (ages at menarche and menopause, number of pregnancies and lactations), previous morbidity, use of medications, history of previous fractures, family history of osteoporosis. MEASUREMENT: The comparison of the different data regarding lifestyle habits between the two groups was made using the chi-squared test. Other data were analyzed using the Mann -- Whitney test. P £ 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: We noted a predominance of proximal femur fracture among females in relation to males (a female/male ratio of 3.3:1) with a progressive increase in the frequency of proximal femur fracture with age in both sexes. The group with proximal femur fracture, in comparison with the control group, showed a lower body mass index, less physical activity, and a greater number of pregnancies and lactations. Other data were not different. CONCLUSION: In accordance with the literature, we found a predomination of proximal femur fracture in women in relation to men, and a favorable effect of higher body mass index and physical activity for decreasing the frequency of proximal femur fracture. We also discuss the role of pregnancies and lactation on the frequency of proximal femur fracture.

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Proximal femur fat fraction variation in healthy subjects using chemical shift-encoding based MRI

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-56611-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pedro Augusto Gondim Teixeira ◽

Tanguy Cherubin ◽

Sammy Badr ◽

Adrien Bedri ◽

Romain Gillet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Chemical Shift ◽

Body Mass ◽

Proximal Femur ◽

The Body ◽

Proton Density ◽

Greater Trochanter ◽

Marrow Fat ◽

Fat Fraction ◽

Measurement Location

AbstractThe objective of this study was to describe the normal variation of bone marrow fat content in the proximal femur considering the influence of side, age, sex and body mass index using fat fraction MRI. From September 2012 to July 2016, the MRI of 131 patients (258 hips) considered to have a normal MRI appearance were retrospectively evaluated. Patient records were searched to allow calculation of the body mass index (BMI). Water-fat based chemical shift MRI was available for all patients included. Proton density fat fraction maps were calculated, and measurements were performed in the femoral epiphysis, intertrochanteric region, and greater trochanter. The influence of patient age, sex, hip side and BMI on fat fraction values was assessed. Fat fraction was significantly different in the different locations evaluated (P = 0.0001). Patient sex and age significantly influenced fat fraction values in all regions evaluated (P < 0.02) with the exception of the epiphysis for sex (p = 0.07). In all locations, PDFF values were higher in men compared to women (3.3%, 4.4% and 13.1% higher in the epiphysis, greater trochanter and intertrochanteric region respectively). The intertrochanteric region presented the lowest fat fraction values with the highest variation compared to the greater trochanter and the epiphysis. BMI only influenced fat fraction values in the intertrochanteric region of females over 42 years old (P = 0.014). The interobserver variability of the measurements performed was considered to be excellent (ICC = 0.968). In conclusion, patient sex, age, and measurement location significantly influenced fat fraction values indicating that specific standards of reference are needed depending on these factors.

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