Production of biomass and bioactive compounds from adventitious roots by optimization of culturing conditions of Eurycoma longifolia in balloon-type bubble bioreactor system

Kesan-kesan parameter proses pengekstrakan iaitu masa pengekstrakan (15-45 min), suhu (40-110oC), saiz partikel (akar Tongkat Ali dalam bentuk serpihan dan serbuk), kelajuan putaran (200-400 rpm) dan nisbah pelarut kepada pepejal (10:1, 20:1 and 30:1) ke atas hasil pengekstrakan daripada Eurycoma longifolia telah diselidik yang memfokus kepada eurycomanone, asid benzoik dan asid galik sebagai produk. Kepekatan komponen-komponen bioaktif tersebut diukur dengan menggunakan pemisahan sebatian cecair berprestasi tinggi (HPLC). Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa hasil pengekstrakan meningkat apabila saiz partikel semakin berkurang dan suhu, nisbah pelarut kepada pepejal dan kelajuan putaran semakin meningkat. Suhu pengekstrakan yang optimum untuk memaksimumkan hasil eurycomanone, asid benzoic dan asid galik adalah pada 100oC, 50oC and 80oC. Hasil maksimum pengekstrakan adalah apabila proses pengekstrakan dijalankan selama 45 minit, dengan nisbah pelarut kepada pepejal ialah 20 to 1, kelajuan putaran pada 400 rpm dan saiz partikel yang kecil digunakan (akar Tongkat Ali dalam bentuk serbuk). Keputusan yang didapati memberikan informasi yang berguna bagi memastikan proses tersebut adalah boleh dilaksanakan dari segi ekonomi dan terutamanya apabila pencarian komponen-komponen bioaktif yang lain masih diteruskan. Kata kunci: Eurycoma longifolia; pengekstrakan; eurycomanone; asid benzoik; asid galik; HPLC The effects of extraction process parameters, i.e., extraction time (15-45 min), temperature (40-110oC), particle size (Tongkat Ali roots in chip and powder form), agitation speed (200-400 rpm) and solvent to solid ratio (10:1, 20:1 and 30:1) on the extraction yields from Eurycoma longifolia were investigated, focusing on eurycomanone, benzoic acid and gallic acid as the product of interests. The concentrations of these bioactive compounds were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results obtained showed that the extraction yields increased with reduced particle size and increased of temperature, solvent to solid ratio and agitation speed. The optimum extraction temperature for maximizing yields of eurycomanone, benzoic acid and gallic acid were 100oC, 50oC and 80oC respectively. The highest yields were obtained when the process was run at 45 minutes, with a solvent to solid ratio of 20 to 1, agitation speed of 400 rpm and a smaller particle size (Tongkat Ali roots in powder form) was used. The results provided useful insights for making the process economically feasible and in particular, when the search of other bioactive components is to be continued. Keywords: Eurycoma longifolia; extraction; eurycomanone; benzoic acid; gallic acid; HPLC

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Effect of Extraction Process Parameters on the Yield of Bioactive Compounds from the Roots of Eurycoma Longifolia

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v60.1393 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mardawani Mohamad ◽

Mohamad Wijayanuddin Ali ◽

Adnan Ripin ◽

Arshad Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Eurycoma Longifolia

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Rhizogenesis in Cell Suspension Culture from Mango Ginger: A Source of Isosorbide and n-Hexadecanoic Acid

Advances in Botany ◽

10.1155/2015/942761 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chellappan Soundar Raju ◽

Kandhan Varutharaju ◽

Chandrasekaran Thilip ◽

Abubakker Aslam ◽

Appakan Shajahan

Keyword(s):

Suspension Culture ◽

Cell Suspension ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Cell Suspension Culture ◽

Adventitious Root ◽

Adventitious Roots ◽

Root Production ◽

Hexadecanoic Acid ◽

Mango Ginger ◽

Initial Inoculum

Curcuma amada Roxb. belongs to the monocotyledonous family Zingiberaceae. It is commonly known as mango ginger and used as a spice and valuable medicine. In this study, adventitious roots of C. amada have been successfully established from cell suspension culture. The highest percentage of adventitious root production was obtained from friable callus derived cell suspension culture. The culture conditions of adventitious root were optimized and the maximum adventitious root production was obtained in half strength MS liquid medium containing 0.3 mg L−1 IBA along with 3% of sucrose after 5 weeks of culture. Among the different initial inoculum density, the best culture condition for root growth occurred at 10 g FW of initial inoculum density. GC-MS analysis revealed that the in vitro raised adventitious roots containing two valuable bioactive compounds, isosorbide and n-hexadecanoic acid. The outcome of the present work will be helpful for the large scale cultivation of adventitious roots for the production of valuable bioactive compounds.

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Enhanced productivity of biomass and bioactive compounds through bioreactor cultures of Eleutherococcus koreanum Nakai adventitious roots affected by medium salt strength

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.10.033 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 460-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Eun-Jung Lee ◽

Kee-Yoeup Paek

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Adventitious Roots ◽

Bioreactor Cultures

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A novel co-culture system of adventitious roots of Echinacea species in bioreactors for high production of bioactive compounds

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) ◽

10.1007/s11240-017-1224-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 130 (2) ◽

pp. 301-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. H. Wu ◽

D. An ◽

L. N. Sun ◽

M. Wang ◽

G. N. Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Culture System ◽

Adventitious Roots ◽

High Production

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In vitro metabolism of selected bioactive compounds of Eurycoma longifolia root extract to identify suitable markers in doping control

Drug Testing and Analysis ◽

10.1002/dta.2449 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 86-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Pia Bräuer ◽

Patricia Anielski ◽

Stefan Schwaiger ◽

Hermann Stuppner ◽

Thi Van Anh Tran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Doping Control ◽

In Vitro Metabolism ◽

Root Extract ◽

Eurycoma Longifolia ◽

In Doping

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HPLC-UV-Based Simultaneous Determination of Canthin-6-One Alkaloids, Quassinoids, and Scopoletin: The Active Ingredients in Eurycoma Longifolia Jack and Eurycoma Harmandiana Pierre, and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoacint/qsaa141 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jiranan Chaingam ◽

Thaweesak Juengwatanatrakul ◽

Gorawit Yusakul ◽

Tripetch Kanchanapoom ◽

Waraporn Putalun

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

High Concentration ◽

Eurycoma Longifolia ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Eurycoma Longifolia Jack ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Raw 264.7 Cell Line

Abstract Background Quassinoids and canthin-6-one alkaloids are bioactive markers of Eurycoma longifolia (EL) and E. harmandiana (EH) and have been commercially utilized to treat inflammation and male infertility. Objectives This study aims to reveal the contents of bioactive compounds and compare anti-inflammatory activities of these two species. Methods HPLC methods coupled with UV-Vis detection were developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of the chemical profiles and their contents in EL and EH. The anti-inflammatory activities of both species were investigated using RAW 264.7 cell line. Results The HPLC methods provided a sensitivity (LOD) of 0.02–0.05 µg/mL for the eight bioactive compounds (canthin-6-one alkaloids, quassinoids, and scopoletin) with high precision (% relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤6.48) and recoveries between 80.0 and 120%. The chaparrinone: eurycomanone ratio was high in EH, whereas EL had a higher ratio of eurycomanone: chaparrinone than EH. The contents of total canthin-6-one alkaloids, quassinoids, and scopoletin were 0.01–0.75, 0.19–1.54, and 0.01–0.28 mg/g, respectively, in EL roots and 0.12–1.80, 7.05–9.26, and 0.02 mg/g, respectively, in EH roots. The anti-inflammatory effects of EL and EH extracts varied among the samples due to the variation in their chemical constituents. Conclusions In summary, our study indicated that chaparrinone was the major compound in EH. EH exhibited anti-inflammatory activity to the same extent as EL. Highlights EH and EL extracts were analyzed using developed HPLC-UV methods, revealing a high concentration of chaparrinone in EH, and an anti-inflammatory assay indicated that EH had a potency comparable to that of EL.

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