Conventional And Unconventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors Modify Coronary Plaque Morphology Differently - A Longitudinal Radiomic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. S18
Author(s):  
M. Kolossváry ◽  
D. Bluemke ◽  
E. Fishman ◽  
G. Gerstenblith ◽  
R. Mandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
Coronary Plaque Morphology

scholarly journals Semiquantified Noncalcified Coronary Plaque in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2286-2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADNAN N. KIANI ◽  
JENS VOGEL-CLAUSSEN ◽  
ARMIN ARBAB-ZADEH ◽  
LAURENCE S. MAGDER ◽  
JOAO LIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Noncalcified Plaque

Objective.A major cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is accelerated coronary atherosclerosis. New technology (computed tomographic angiography) can measure noncalcified coronary plaque (NCP), which is more prone to rupture. We report on a study of semiquantified NCP in SLE.Methods.Patients with SLE (n = 147) with no history of cardiovascular disease underwent 64-slice coronary multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). The MDCT scans were evaluated quantitatively by a radiologist, using dedicated software.Results.The group of 147 patients with SLE was 86% female, 70% white, 29% African American, and 3% other ethnicity. The mean age was 51 years. In our univariate analysis, the major traditional cardiovascular risk factors associated with noncalcified plaque were age (p = 0.007), obesity (p = 0.03; measured as body mass index), homocysteine (p = 0.05), and hypertension (p = 0.04). Anticardiolipin (p = 0.026; but not lupus anticoagulant) and anti-dsDNA (p = 0.03) were associated with higher noncalcified plaque. Prednisone and hydroxychloroquine therapy had no effect, but methotrexate (MTX) use was associated with higher noncalcified plaque (p = 0.0001). In the best multivariate model, age, current MTX use, and history of anti-dsDNA remained significant.Conclusion.Our results suggest that serologic SLE (anti-dsDNA) and traditional cardiovascular risk factors contribute to semiquantified noncalcified plaque in SLE. The association with MTX is not understood, but should be replicated in larger studies and in multiple centers.

Abstract 549: Visceral Adipose Tissue Associates With Coronary Plaque Burden Beyond Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Psoriasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua P Rivers ◽  
Amit K Dey ◽  
Jonathan H Chung ◽  
Anshuma Rana ◽  
Abhishek Chaturvedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction ◽  
Beta Coefficient

Background: Psoriasis (PSO), a chronic inflammatory disease associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, provides a reliable human model to study inflammatory atherogenesis. PSO has been known to be associated with cardiometabolic dysfunction including adipose tissue dysfunction. Recently, visceral adiposity (VAT) was shown to be associated with increased CV events, but whether VAT is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis as assessed by coronary plaque burden has not been characterized. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that VAT volume by CT is associated with total burden (TB) and more specifically with non-calcified burden (NCB) by CCTA. Methods: Consecutive PSO patients (N=68) underwent CT scans to measure abdominal adiposity. VAT volume was quantified from the level of the diaphragm to the pubic symphysis and reported in volume. Coronary plaque characterization was performed by CCTA (Toshiba 30 slice) via QAngio CT software (Medis, The Netherlands). The relationship of VAT with TB and NCB was analyzed using unadjusted and adjusted multivariable regression models (STATA 12). Results: The cohort was middle-aged, predominantly male, at low CV risk by FRS with mild to moderate PSO by skin disease severity (Table 1). VAT volume associated with both TB (beta coefficient= 0.49, p-value <0.001) and NCB (beta coefficient= 0.51, p-value <0.001). This relationship remained significant after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors for TB (beta coefficient= 0.28, p-value = 0.004) and NCB (beta coefficient = 0.34, p-value <0.001). Conclusions: Directly quantified VAT directly associated with TB and NCB independent of cardiovascular risk factors. These findings suggest that adipose tissue dysfunction may in part contribute to the high CV events observed in psoriasis and support efforts to provide weight control as a strategy to reduce CV disease in psoriasis.

scholarly journals 0721 Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden and Composition in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Coronary CT Angiography

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A274-A274
Author(s):  
M Lu ◽  
Y Wei ◽  
Z Wang ◽  
F Fang ◽  
S E John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Calcified Plaque

Abstract Introduction OSA is closely associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease. Although previous small studies have investigated coronary plaque in OSA patients, limited data are available regarding the association of OSA with plaque morphology and composition. Therefore, we aimed to quantitatively characterize and compare coronary plaque burden and composition between patients with no or mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and moderate-severe OSA using coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) in a large-scale study. Methods We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients who underwent sleep monitoring and coronary CTA. Metrics reflecting coronary plaque characteristics were compared between patients with no or mild OSA with apnea hypoxic index (AHI) ≤15 and moderate-severe OSA (AHI&gt;15). The associations of OSA with coronary plaque components were determined by logistic and linear regression analysis. Results A total of 854 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 162 did not meet the inclusion criteria and of the remaining 692 patients 400 (57.8%) had moderate-severe OSA and 292 had no or mild OSA. Patients with moderate-severe OSA had a significantly higher total plaque volume, total non-calcified plaque (NCP) volume and total low density non-calcified plaque (LD-NCP) volume, and corresponding burden than those with no or mild OSA (all with p&lt;0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that moderate-severe OSA patients are more likely to have any plaque, NCP and LD-NCP than those without no or mild OSA (p&lt;0.05). In addition, stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis further revealed an independent relationship between moderate OSA (15&lt;AHI≤30) and more so between severe OSA (AHI&gt;30) and, NCP volume, LD-NCP volume, NCP composition, and LD-NCP composition, following adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, compared to no or mild OSA (AHI&lt;15) (all with a p&lt;0.05). Moderate-severe OSA conferred a similar odds ratio for LD-NCPs (a high-risk plaque) as the usual cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion In this large cross-sectional study, OSA severity was associated with high-risk plaque features independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting an increased risk for cardiovascular events. Support This study was supported by NSFC (Project 81870335), International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (No.2015DFA30160), Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (No. Z141100006014057)

Abstract 2509: Do Systemic Risk factors Impact the Composition of Coronary Plaques as Measured by IVUS-RF analysis? Results from the Global VH Registry on Whole Vessel Analysis

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Philipp ◽  
Dirk Böse ◽  
William Wijns ◽  
Steven P Marso ◽  
Robert S Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Intravascular Ultrasound ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Necrotic Core ◽  
Plaque Composition ◽  
Plaque Volume

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors have an impact on coronary atherosclerosis evolution. However, there is only limited information about the relationship between risk and atherosclerotic plaque as measured invasively by Intravascular Ultrasound Radiofrequency (IVUS-RF) analysis. The Aim of this study was to assess the impact of cardiovascular risk factors not only on overall coronary plaque volume but on coronary plaque composition. Methods: 990 patients from 42 centers were enrolled in the prospective, multicenter, non randomized, global VH-IVUS registry. Coronary lesions were measured by conventional and IVUS-VH parameters using 20MHz Intravascular Ultrasound catheter. The four IVUS-VH plaque components (Dense Calcium-DC, Necrotic Core-NC, Fibrous tissue-F, Fibro Fatty-FF) were analyzed in every recorded frame. The results were expressed as mean cross-sectional areas, and percentage of total plaque volume. Risk factor assessment included correlation with family history of myocardial infarction, past or current smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and laboratory measurements. Results: Patients with diabetes have an increased relative amount of NC (6.47±0.28% vs. 5.86±0.14%, p=0.037) and DC (4.58±0.27% vs. 3.90±0.14%, p=0.017), Patients with hypertension have an increased relative amount of FF, DC (4.35±0.16% vs. 3.57±0.17%, p=0.02) and NC (6.24±0.17% vs. 5.60±0.19%, p=0.01). Compared with patients with LDL cholesterol 160 mg/dl had higher plaque volume (342.1±26.2mm 3 vs. 318.6±10.7mm 3 ). Linear Regression Analysis showed a correlation between the level of HDL and F (r=−0.149, p<0.01), FF (r=−0 –106, p< 0.01), and NC (r=−0.90, p<0.05). The level of LDL correlated with F (r = 0.110, p < 0.01). Patients with prior MI have an increased percentage of F (30.03±0.59 % vs. 28.20±0.37 %, p<0.009). Smoking had no relevant effect on plaque composition. Conclusion: IVUS-RF analysis detects marked differences in coronary plaque depending on the risk factor profile with particular focus on lipid levels. Patients with greater amounts of necrotic core were associated with hypertension, myocardial infarction, and low HDL. This may have implications for prognosis and systemic treatment of patients with coronary artery disease.

Abstract 17353: Comparing the Association of DKK-1, a Wingless (Wnt)-Regulatory Molecule, and CRP-1 With Cardiovascular Risk Factor Profile and Coronary Plaque Burden in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Dao ◽  
Bishoy Elbebabawy ◽  
Ibrahim Sayid ◽  
Jagdesh Kandala ◽  
Harish Raj Seetha Rammohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction: Our group has shown the Wnt-pathway to be a key regulator of SMC function and to be expressed in human coronary atheroma. Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1) is a member of the Wingless (Wnt) signaling pathway molecules and has recently been shown to improve GRACIE-risk factor score prediction of coronary events in chest pain patients and to predict restenosis post coronary stenting. We tested its association with coronary plaque burden and cardiovascular risk factors in comparison with CRP-1; Hypothesis: DKK-1 may be associated with coronary artery plaque burden and cardiovascular risk factors and play a role in coronary artery disease through modulation of SMC. Methods: 218 patients with angiographic evidence of CAD (mildly obstructive CAD, n=35; obstructive stable CAD, n=154; unstable CAD, n=29) were enrolled in this study at the time of cardiac catherization. DKK-1 and CRP-1 were measured by ELISA. Data are shown as Mean p SEM. Values of DKK-1 and CRP1 were skewed, so non-parametric tests were used to determine the associations between DKK-1 and CRP-1 with Syntax Score, age, BMI, LDL, HDL, and HgbA1c. . Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation, Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess associations. Results: Data are shown as Mean p SEM.Variables were as follows: DKK-1 736 pg/ml p 129, CRP-1 0.108 mg/ml p 0.01, age 66 years p 1, BMI 32 p 0.5, LDL 97 p 3, HDL 46 p 2, HgbA1C 6.5 p 0.2, Syntax score 11 p 0.7. With DKK-1 the only statistically significant correlation observed was between DKK-1 and HgbA1c (r=0.18, P<0.05). There was no association between DKK-1 and CRP-1, Syntax Score, Age, BMI, LDL, and HDL. With CRP-1, however, we observed significant positive correlations with Syntax Score (r=0.2, P<0.05), BMI (r=0.18, P<0.05), LDL (r=0.18, P<0.05) and significant negative correlation with age (r= -0.19, P<0.05) and with HDL (r=-0.18, P<0.05). There was no association between CRP-1 and HDL as well as HgbA1c. Conclusions: In patients with angiographically established CAD DKK-1 in contrast to CRP-1 is not a predictor of coronary plaque burden and has as only significant association a positive correlation with HgbA1c. Our data suggest that the reported role of DKK-1 in coronary event risk and in restenosis might be related to Diabetes mediated effects.

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