Effect of physical activity at midlife on skeletal muscle mass in old age in community-dwelling older women: A cross-sectional study

Background:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were at risk for altered body composition with higher prevalence of sarcopenia compared to the general population. Low lean muscle mass may constitute an additional risk factor for altered bone density in RA patients.Objectives:We aimed to study the prevalence of sarcopenia and to assess its predictive factors in Moroccan patients with RA.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study over two months in our department of rheumatology. All RA patients fulfilled ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria. We performed a whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure lean mass, fat mass and bone mass in the whole body and body parts. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass was assessed using the sum of skeletal muscle mass in the arms and legs. The relative skeletal muscle mass index (RSMI) was calculated from the appendicular skeletal mass divided by the square of the patient’s height (kg/m2). According to Baumgartner et al, sarcopenia was defined as a relative SMI <5.5 kg/m2on women and <7.26 kg/m2on men. Body mass index (BMI) was measured and patients were classified according to World Health Organization. Disease activity and functional disability were measured using the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) with CRP and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Comorbidities and medication use including corticosteroids were also recorded. Data was entered and processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 20. A univariate analysis as well as multivariate regressions were carried out to assess the association between sarcopenia and lumbar spine and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD) and RA characteristics.Results:We included 70 (87.5%) women and 10 (12.5%) men with a mean age of 53.59 ±10.96 years old. They had a mean disease duration of 12.35± 8.68, a mean DAS 28 CRP of 2.64±1.34, a mean HAQ of 0.94±0.63 and a mean RSMI of 5.75±1.17. Women had a mean RSMI of 6.33±1.04 while men had a mean RSMI of 5.66±1.17. The prevalence of sarcopenia in our population was 47.4% (37), of whom 81.1% (30) women.In univariate regression analysis, sarcopenia was associated with normal BMI (OR: 8.59, 95% CI [3.054-24.182], p= 0.000), DAS 28 CRP (OR: 1.78, 95% CI [1.203-2.657], p= 0.004), HAQ (OR: 2.15, 95% CI [1.165-5.433], p= 0.019), lumbar spine BMD (OR: 0.001, 95% CI [0.00001-0.043], p= 0.0004) and FN BMD (OR: 0.000006, 95% CI [0.000-0.002], p= 0,00008 at right FN and OR: 0.00009, 95% CI [0.000001-0.010], p=0.000 at left FN, respectively).In multiple regression analysis, sarcopenia was associated with normal BMI (OR: 11.56, 95% CI [2.754–48.598]), p=0.001 and FN BMD (OR: 0.00, 95% CI [0.000–0.084], p = 0.006).Conclusion:In the present study, sarcopenia was common among RA patients and associated with normal BMI and femoral neck BMD, emphasizing the importance of this modifiable risk factor. Further studies are needed to identify effective means to improve lean muscle mass in patients with RA.References:[1]Mochizuki T et al. Sarcopenia-associated factors in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr. Gerontol. Int. 2019;19 (9), 907-912[2]Okano T et al. Loss of lean body mass affects low bone mineral density in patients with rheumatoid arthritis -results from the TOMORROW study-, Modern Rheumatology. 2017;27(6):1-19.[4]Peggy M. Cawthon. Assessment of Lean Mass and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia. Journal of Clinical Densitometry. 2015;18(4):467-71.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Thigh circumference measurement as a potential marker of leg skeletal muscle mass – cross sectional study in a U.S. population age 39–69 years

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665117000143 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (OCE1) ◽

Author(s):

A.M. Hodgkiss ◽

H.D. McCarthy

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Thigh Circumference ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Potential Marker

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Sarcopenia, Cardiopulmonary Fitness, and Physical Disability in Community-Dwelling Elderly People

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20090322 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 90 (9) ◽

pp. 1277-1287 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Meng-Yueh Chien ◽

Hsu-Ko Kuo ◽

Ying-Tai Wu

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Elderly People ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Physical Disability ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cardiopulmonary Fitness

Background Sarcopenia refers to the loss of skeletal muscle mass with aging. It is believed to be associated with functional impairment and physical disability. Objective The purposes of this study were: (1) to compare the physical activity, muscle strength (force-generating capacity), cardiopulmonary fitness, and physical disability in community-dwelling elderly people with sarcopenia, borderline sarcopenia, and normal skeletal muscle mass in Taiwan and (2) to test the hypothesis that sarcopenia is associated with physical disability and examine whether the association is mediated by decreased muscle strength or cardiopulmonary fitness. Design This was a cross-sectional investigation. Methods Two hundred seventy-five community-dwelling elderly people (148 men, 127 women) aged ≥65 years participated in the study. The participants were recruited from communities in the district of Zhongzheng, Taipei. Predicted skeletal muscle mass was estimated using a bioelectrical impedance analysis equation. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated by dividing skeletal muscle mass by height squared. Physical disability was assessed using the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale. Physical activity was assessed using a 7-day recall physical activity questionnaire. Cardiopulmonary fitness was assessed using a 3-minute step test, and grip strength was measured to represent muscle strength. Results Cardiopulmonary fitness was significantly lower in elderly people with sarcopenia than in those with normal SMIs. Grip strength and daily energy expenditure (kcal/kg/day) were not significantly different between the participants with sarcopenia and those with normal SMIs. The odds ratio for physical disability between the participants with sarcopenia and those with normal SMIs was 3.03 (95% confidence interval=1.21–7.61). The odds ratio decreased and the significant difference diminished after controlling for cardiopulmonary fitness. Limitations A causal relationship between sarcopenia and physical activity, cardiopulmonary fitness, and physical disability cannot be established because of the cross-sectional nature of study design. Conclusions Sarcopenia was associated with physical disability in elderly men. The association between sarcopenia and physical disability was mediated to a large extent by decreased cardiopulmonary fitness.

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Nutrient patterns and the skeletal muscle mass index among Polish women: a cross-sectional study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-55367-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anna Danielewicz ◽

Jakub Morze ◽

Małgorzata Obara-Gołębiowska ◽

Mariusz Przybyłowicz ◽

Katarzyna E. Przybyłowicz

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Fibre Plant ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutrient Patterns ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass Index

AbstractAgeing involves significant changes in skeletal muscle mass and its functioning. This study aimed to identify the major nutrient patterns (NPs) present in a sample of adult Polish women and evaluate their associations with the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). A cross-sectional study initially recruited 527 women, and a final analysis was carried out on 275 women aged 32–60 years. Nutrient intake was assessed using fourteen repetitions of 24-hour dietary recall. NPs were derived using principal component analysis. Associations between adherence to NPs and the SMI were evaluated using linear regression models. Three NPs were identified: ‘Animal Protein-Vitamins’, ‘Fibre-Plant Protein-Minerals’ and ‘Fats’. In the adjusted model, the upper tertile compared to the bottom tertile of the ‘Animal Protein-Vitamins’ NP was related to a higher SMI (β = 0.123 95% CI: 0.019; 0.227; P for 1-SD increase of NP score = 0.009). No associations between the SMI and the ‘Fibre-Plant Protein-Minerals’ and ‘Fats’ NPs were observed. Our results indicate that high adherence to animal product-rich patterns might be related to higher muscle mass in adult women. Research on the influence of dietary and nutrient patterns on the quality of muscle tissue may contribute to the setting of guidelines for nutritional protection of skeletal muscle with ageing and, consequently, dietary recommendations that would improve the quality of women’s lives at the later stage of life.

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Association of sarcopenic obesity and body composition with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese phenotypes among Iranian women: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-122982/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Aliyu Tijani Jibril ◽

Atieh Mirzababaei ◽

Farideh Shiraseb ◽

Niloufar Rasaei ◽

Khadijeh - Mirzaei

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Sarcopenic Obesity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

High Fat ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome, with its prevalence has increased over the past decade. Major changes in body composition with aging have a significant effect on many clinical outcomes. Sarcopenic obesity consists of both the presence of abnormal adipose tissue with a deficit of muscle mass. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 241 overweight/obese women aged between 18–48 years in Tehran, Iran, registered by the use of the multistage cluster random sampling method. Blood samples were taken following standard procedures. Body composition was assessed through a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer. The metabolic risk was assessed according to Karelis criteria and the subjects were classified as either MHO or MUO phenotypes. Results Of the 241 subjects in this study (average age 35.32 years), 176 (73.03%) were classified as MUO phenotype. Based on this study, the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 7.88%. We found that high fat-free mass was more strongly and significantly associated with MUO phenotype. Furthermore, we found that individuals with high fat-free mass and high skeletal muscle mass had a significantly low prevalence of MUO phenotype. A significant positive correlation between metabolic phenotypes and sarcopenic obesity was also observed after all potential covariates were adjusted for. Conclusion These results of this study suggest that increased adiposity and decreased skeletal muscle mass are associated with unfavorable metabolic traits among overweight and obese Iranian women. SO was also found to be associated with a greater risk of developing MUO phenotype.

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