A large-scale shift of cropland structure profoundly affects grain production in the cold region of China

From Enlightened to Sublime: Musical Life under Stalin, 1930–1948

Russian Music since 1917 ◽

10.5871/bacad/9780197266151.003.0007 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Pauline Fairclough

Keyword(s):

Technical Progress ◽

Large Scale ◽

American Art ◽

Cultural Exchange ◽

Socialist Realism ◽

The West ◽

Musical Life ◽

Cultural Narrative ◽

Scale Shift ◽

Concert Life

The years 1937–53 are generally thought of as stagnant ones for Soviet concert repertoire. This view, however, is predicated on a number of assumptions: first, that the drop in Western modernism in the schedules and its replacement by Soviet works had a stultifying effect on concert life; second, that the era of Socialist Realism was damagingly insular; and third, that cultural exchange ceased and Soviet composers lost touch with what was being composed in the West. This chapter challenges all those assumptions by analysing concert schedules of this period, presenting evidence of semi-formal/informal cultural exchange and considering the notion that Socialist Realism was not an isolated trend but part of a large-scale shift in European and American art whose importance has been side-lined in a still dominant cultural narrative of technical progress and complexity.

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Learning for the Future

Handbook of Research on New Media Literacy at the K-12 Level ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-120-9.ch001 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Guy Merchant

Keyword(s):

New Media ◽

Web 2.0 ◽

Virtual Worlds ◽

Social Networking Sites ◽

Digital Literacy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Educational Practice ◽

Online Engagement ◽

Scale Shift ◽

Popular Engagement

Over the last five years there has been a large scale shift in popular engagement with new media. Virtual worlds and massive multiplayer online games attract increasing numbers, whilst social networking sites have become commonplace. The changing nature of online engagement privileges interaction over information. Web 2.0 applications promote new kinds of interactivity, giving prominence and prestige to new literacies (Lankshear and Knobel, 2006). To date, discussion of the opportunities, and indeed the risks presented by Web 2.0 has been largely confined to social and recreational worlds. The purpose of this chapter is to open up discussion about the relevance of Web 2.0 to educational practice. A central concern in what follows will be to show how the new ways of communicating and collaborating that constitute digital literacy might combine with new insights into learning in ways that transform how we conceive of education (Gee, 2004).

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Consumer Choice and Collective Impact

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199372263.013.23 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Julia Nefsky

Keyword(s):

Consumer Choice ◽

Large Scale ◽

Consumer Demand ◽

Food Choices ◽

Collective Impact ◽

Production Decisions ◽

Individual Consumer ◽

Scale Shift

Taken collectively, consumer food choices have a major impact on animal lives, human lives, and the environment. But it is far from clear how to move from facts about the power of collective consumer demand to conclusions about what one ought to do as an individual consumer. In particular, even if a large-scale shift in demand away from a certain product (e.g., factory-farmed meat) would prevent grave harms or injustices, it typically does not seem that it will make a difference whether one refrains from purchasing that product oneself. Most present-day food companies operate at too large a scale for a single purchase to make a difference to production decisions. If that is true, then it is not clear what point there is in refraining. This is “the problem of collective impact.” This chapter explores a range of proposals for how to solve this problem.

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Large Scale Structure and Kinematics of the Orion Ridge

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100019576 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. 234-235

Author(s):

J. J. Wiseman ◽

P. T. P. Ho

Keyword(s):

Radial Velocity ◽

Large Scale ◽

Angular Resolution ◽

Large Scale Structure ◽

Scale Structure ◽

Hii Region ◽

Scale Shift

Clumps and filamentary structures have previously been observed in the extended molecular ridge of OMC-1 (see below). The region is affected by multiple outflow components, shock emission that extends 0.5 pc from the BN/KL core, and a foreground HII region expanding into the cloud. The region also displays a complex kinematical character, with a large scale shift in radial velocity along the ridge, multiple cloud velocity components (Womack et al. 1993), and fast gradients across constituent cores (Harris et al. 1983, Wiseman and Ho 1993).To clarify the structure and kinematics of the region, we have used the VLA to observe with high (0.3 km s−1) velocity resolution and high (8”) angular resolution the NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) rotation-inversion lines over 20 adjacent fields covering a 3’ by 8’ region encompassing the KL region.

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The JIT Prescription for Industrial Revival

Vikalpa The Journal for Decision Makers ◽

10.1177/0256090919900103 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 25-36

Author(s):

P S Thomas ◽

K Ramachandran

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Large Scale ◽

Management Education ◽

Model Of Management ◽

Key Issues ◽

Scale Shift ◽

Jit Management ◽

Multiplier Effects ◽

Industrial Investment ◽

Trickle Down

The JIT model of management developed in Japan offers a proven mechanism for transmitting the multiplier effects of industrial investment to far corners of society as envisaged by the old trickle down theory of economic development. Moreover, the dramatic inroads made by manufactured imports everywhere have made the large scale changeover to JIT management all the more compelling. In this article, Thomas and Ramachandran present the Eightfold Way of JIT implementation based on a review of ten international cases of this process. The authors discuss the scope and sequencing of the required stages as well as some of the key issues involved. They conclude that the necessary large scale shift to JIT requires the concerted efforts of management, government, and management education.

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Farmers’ Grain Storage and Losses in Ethiopia

Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization ◽

10.1515/jafio-2019-0059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fantu Bachewe ◽

Bart Minten ◽

Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse ◽

Karl Pauw ◽

Alethia Cameron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Scale Up ◽

Farm Households ◽

Household Surveys ◽

Grain Production ◽

Large Share ◽

Southwest Ethiopia ◽

Storage Losses ◽

Storage Technologies ◽

Agricultural Areas

Abstract While storage losses at the farm are often assumed to be an important contributor to presumed large postharvest losses in developing countries, reliable and representative data on these losses are often lacking. We study farmers’ storage decisions and self-reported storage losses for grains based on two large-scale household surveys conducted in major agricultural areas in Ethiopia. We show that a relatively large share of grain production is stored by farm households for own consumption and that storage technologies are rudimentary. Farmers’ self-reported storage losses amount to an average of 4 % of all grains stored and 2 % of total harvest. These storage losses differ significantly by socioeconomic variables and wealth, as well as by crop and humidity. We further see strong spatial heterogeneity in storage losses being significantly higher in southwest Ethiopia. Efforts to scale up the adoption of improved storage technologies to reduce storage losses at the farm level should consider these characteristics.

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Fire and explosive properties of plant materials used in the production of compound feed

Occupational Safety – Science and Practice ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.1051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 570 (3) ◽

pp. 11-14

Author(s):

Maciej Celiński ◽

Agnieszka Gajek ◽

Michał Gloc

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Dust Explosion ◽

Grain Production ◽

Stored Grain ◽

Rescue Operation ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Grain Processing ◽

Materials Used ◽

Explosive Properties ◽

Very High

Extremely large scale of grain processing leads to a very high risk of incidents related to fire or dust explosion. Only in 2018 there were several outbreaks associated with the storage and transport of grain materials, the largest of which took place in May in South Sioux City, Nebraska. Poland is one of the largest grain producers in Europe and in the world. The annual grain production in Poland is about 35 million tons, including about 10 million tons of wheat, 5 million tons of triticale, 4 million tons of barley and 1.5 million tons of oats. Such an amount of grain material means that there is a high probability of failure during the storage processes (i.e. drying, pouring), transport and processing. Current research shows that of all dust explosions, those related to the food-agricultural and fodder industry account for nearly 25%. The most vulnerable are silos, dedusting and ventilation systems (including dryers and warehouses for drying grains). In October 2013, in the BulkTerminal in Gdańsk, there was an explosion and fire in a grain silo. The rescue operation lasted nearly 4 hours and about 10 tons of grain have burned (20% of the total stored grain material). The purpose of this article is to describe the results of research on the phenomenon of flammability and explosibility of industrial dusts on the four most popular grains in Poland.

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BicGO: a new biclustering algorithm based on global optimization

10.1101/406769 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Guojun Li ◽

Zhengchang Su

Keyword(s):

Global Optimization ◽

Real Number ◽

Large Scale ◽

General Trend ◽

Challenging Problem ◽

Link Type ◽

Scale Shift ◽

Constant Shift

AbstractRecognizing complicated biclusters submerged in large scale datasets (matrix) has been being a highly challenging problem. We introduce a biclustering algorithm BicGO consisting of two separate strategies which can be selectively used by users. The BicGO which was developed based on global optimization can be implemented by iteratively answering if a real number belongs to a given interval. Tested on various simulated datasets in which most complicated and most general trend-preserved biclusters were submerged, BicGO almost always extracted all the actual bicluters with accuracy close to 100%, while on real datasets, it also achieved an incredible superiority over all the salient tools compared in this article. As far as we know, the BicGO is the first tool capable of identifying any complicated (e.g., constant, shift, scale, shift-scale, order-preserved, trend-preserved, etc), any shapes (narrow or broad) of biclusters with overlaps allowed. In addition, it is also highly parsimonious in the usage of computing resources. The BicGO is available at https://www.dropbox.com/s/hsj3j96rekoks5n/BicGO.zip?dl=0 for free download.

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Beyond livestock carrying capacity in the Sahelian and Sudanian zones of West Africa

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-01706-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jaber Rahimi ◽

Edwin Haas ◽

Rüdiger Grote ◽

David Kraus ◽

Andrew Smerald ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

West Africa ◽

Carrying Capacity ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Large Scale ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Livestock Population ◽

Natural Pasture ◽

Scale Shift

AbstractWe applied the process-based model, LandscapeDNDC, to estimate feed availability in the Sahelian and Sudanian agro-ecological zones of West Africa as a basis for calculating the regional Livestock Carrying Capacity (LCC). Comparison of the energy supply (S) from feed resources, including natural pasture, browse, and crop residues, with energy demand (D) of the livestock population for the period 1981–2020 allowed us to assess regional surpluses (S > D) or deficits (S < D) in feed availability. We show that in the last 40 years a large-scale shift from surplus to deficit has occurred. While during 1981–1990 only 27% of the area exceeded the LCC, it was 72% for the period 2011–2020. This was caused by a reduction in the total feed supply of ~ 8% and an increase in feed demand of ~ 37% per-decade, driven by climate change and increased livestock population, respectively. Overall, the S/D decreased from ~ 2.6 (surplus) in 1981 to ~ 0.5 (deficit) in 2019, with a north–south gradient of increasing S/D. As climate change continues and feed availability may likely further shrink, pastoralists either need to source external feed or significantly reduce livestock numbers to avoid overgrazing, land degradation, and any further conflicts for resources.

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