scholarly journals A novel eye-tracking method to assess attention allocation in individuals with and without aphasia using a dual-task paradigm

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Heuer ◽  
Brooke Hallowell
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Tracking Method ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm

scholarly journals Effects of Workload and Workload Transitions on Attention Allocation in a Dual-Task Environment: Evidence From Eye Tracking Metrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-151
Author(s):  
Nadine Marie Moacdieh ◽  
Shannon P. Devlin ◽  
Hussein Jundi ◽  
Sara Lu Riggs
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Secondary Task ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Workload ◽  
And Control

High mental workload, in addition to changes in workload, can negatively affect operators, but it is not clear how sudden versus gradual workload transitions influence performance and visual attention allocation. This knowledge is important as sudden shifts in workload are common in multitasking domains. The objective of this study was to investigate, using performance and eye tracking metrics, how constant versus variable levels of workload affect operators in the context of a dual-task paradigm. An unmanned aerial vehicle command and control simulation varied task load between low, high, gradually transitioning from low to high, and suddenly transitioning from low to high. Performance on a primary and secondary task and several eye tracking measures were calculated. There was no significant difference between sudden and gradual workload transitions in terms of performance or attention allocation overall; however, both sudden and gradual workload transitions changed participants’ strategy in dealing with the primary and secondary task as compared to low/high workload. Also, eye tracking metrics that are not frequently used, such as transition rate and stationary entropy, provided more insight into performance differences. These metrics can potentially be used to better understand operators’ strategies and could form the basis of an adaptive display.

Attention allocation during a dual task paradigm by bilingual speakers

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Katerina Leftheri ◽  
Leonard L. LaPointe ◽  
Stephen D. Goldinger
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm

Positive effects of negative reviews: an eye-tracking perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Luan ◽  
Jie Xiao ◽  
Pengfei Tang ◽  
Meng Li
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tracking Method ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Online Retailers ◽  
Purchase Likelihood ◽  
Advertising Exposure

PurposeA counterintuitive finding of existing research is that negative reviews can produce positive effects; for example, they can increase purchase likelihood and sales by increasing product awareness. It is important to continue highlighting this fact and to develop further insights into this positive effect, as a more thorough analysis can provide online retailers with a more comprehensive understanding of how to effectively manage and use negative reviews. Thus, by using an eye-tracking method, this paper attempts to provide a further thorough analysis of positive effects of negative reviews from a cognitive perspective.Design/methodology/approachAn eye-tracking experiment with two tests over a time delay was performed to examine whether negative reviews have some positive effects. Review valence (positive vs. negative), brand popularity (popular vs. unpopular) and advertising exposure (no repetition vs. repetition) were considered in the experiment.FindingsThe results show that a cognitive process of attention allocation happens when consumers deal with brand popularity cues and that arousal evoking and attention allocation occur when handling review valence. Allocation of more attention to unpopular brands helps improve brand awareness and enhance brand memory, and larger arousal from negative reviews narrows attention and leads to a better memory of products and brands. However, with the passage of time, the memory of review valence can dissociate and fade, and the remaining awareness of and familiarity with unpopular brands with negative reviews contribute to a positive reversion, which leads to the production of positive effects from negative reviews.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature on online reviews by examining the visual processing of review valence and brand popularity with an eye-tracking method and by revealing the cognitive mechanism of positive effects of negative reviews from a visual attention perspective.

The art of planning ahead: when do we prepare for the future and when is it effective? (under review)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Huijser ◽  
Niels Anne Taatgen ◽  
Marieke K. van Vugt
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Task Preparation ◽  
Memory Integration ◽  
The Future ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm ◽  
Consistent Support

Preparing for the future during ongoing activities is an essential skill. Yet, it is currently unclear to what extent we can prepare for the future in parallel with another task. In two experiments, we investigated how characteristics of a present task influenced whether and when participants prepared for the future, as well as its usefulness. We focused on the influence of concurrent working memory load, assuming that working memory would interfere most strongly with preparation. In both experiments, participants performed a novel sequential dual-task paradigm, in which they could voluntary prepare for a second task while performing a first task. We identified task preparation by means of eye tracking, through detecting when participants switched their gaze from the first to the second task. The results showed that participants prepared productively, as evidenced by faster RTs on the second task, with only a small cost to the present task. The probability of preparation and its productiveness decreased with general increases in present task difficulty. In contrast to our prediction, we found some but no consistent support for influence of concurrent working memory load on preparation. Only for concurrent high working memory load (i.e., two items in memory), we observed strong interference with preparation. We conclude that preparation is affected by present task difficulty, potentially due to decreased opportunities for preparation and changes in multitasking strategy. Furthermore, the interference from holding two items may reflect that concurrent preparation is compromised when working memory integration is required by both processes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document