In this article, we are interested in understanding the complexity of computing multilinear polynomials using depth four circuits in which the polynomial computed at every node has a bound on the individual degree of
r
≥ 1 with respect to all its variables (referred to as multi-
r
-ic circuits). The goal of this study is to make progress towards proving superpolynomial lower bounds for general depth four circuits computing multilinear polynomials, by proving better bounds as the value of
r
increases.
Recently, Kayal, Saha and Tavenas (Theory of Computing, 2018) showed that any depth four arithmetic circuit of bounded individual degree
r
computing an explicit multilinear polynomial on
n
O
(1)
variables and degree
d
must have size at least (
n
/
r
1.1
)
Ω(√
d
/
r
)
. This bound, however, deteriorates as the value of
r
increases. It is a natural question to ask if we can prove a bound that does not deteriorate as the value of
r
increases, or a bound that holds for a
larger
regime of
r
.
In this article, we prove a lower bound that does not deteriorate with increasing values of
r
, albeit for a specific instance of
d
=
d
(
n
) but for a
wider
range of
r
. Formally, for all large enough integers
n
and a small constant η, we show that there exists an explicit polynomial on
n
O
(1)
variables and degree Θ (log
2
n
) such that any depth four circuit of bounded individual degree
r
≤
n
η must have size at least exp(Ω(log
2
n
)). This
improvement
is obtained by suitably adapting the complexity measure of Kayal et al. (Theory of Computing, 2018). This adaptation of the measure is inspired by the complexity measure used by Kayal et al. (SIAM J. Computing, 2017).
Explicit lower bounds for the cost of fast controls for some 1-D parabolic or dispersive equations, and a new lower bound concerning the uniform controllability of the 1-D transport–diffusion equation
