From waste-to-energy: the process integration and intensification for bulk oil and biodiesel production by microalgae

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 482-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika Cristina Francisco ◽  
Telma Teixeira Franco ◽  
Leila Queiroz Zepka ◽  
Eduardo Jacob-Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Process Integration ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Bulk Oil

scholarly journals The Potential of Single-Cell Oils Derived From Filamentous Fungi as Alternative Feedstock Sources for Biodiesel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sizwe I. Mhlongo ◽  
Obinna T. Ezeokoli ◽  
Ashira Roopnarain ◽  
Busiswa Ndaba ◽  
Patrick T. Sekoai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Single Cell Oils

Microbial lipids, also known as single-cell oils (SCOs), are highly attractive feedstocks for biodiesel production due to their fast production rates, minimal labor requirements, independence from seasonal and climatic changes, and ease of scale-up for industrial processing. Among the SCO producers, the less explored filamentous fungi (molds) exhibit desirable features such as a repertoire of hydrolyzing enzymes and a unique pellet morphology that facilitates downstream harvesting. Although several oleaginous filamentous fungi have been identified and explored for SCO production, high production costs and technical difficulties still make the process less attractive compared to conventional lipid sources for biodiesel production. This review aims to highlight the ability of filamentous fungi to hydrolyze various organic wastes for SCO production and explore current strategies to enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the SCO production and recovery process. The review also highlights the mechanisms and components governing lipogenic pathways, which can inform the rational designs of processing conditions and metabolic engineering efforts for increasing the quality and accumulation of lipids in filamentous fungi. Furthermore, we describe other process integration strategies such as the co-production with hydrogen using advanced fermentation processes as a step toward a biorefinery process. These innovative approaches allow for integrating upstream and downstream processing units, thus resulting in an efficient and cost-effective method of simultaneous SCO production and utilization for biodiesel production.

Sewage sludge drying process integration with a waste-to-energy power plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bianchini ◽  
L. Bonfiglioli ◽  
M. Pellegrini ◽  
C. Saccani
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Sludge Drying

Biodiesel production process from microalgae oil by waste heat recovery and process integration

2015 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunfeng Song ◽  
Guanyi Chen ◽  
Na Ji ◽  
Qingling Liu ◽  
Yasuki Kansha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Microalgae Oil

Energy Efficiency and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Jatropha for Energy in Nigeria: A “Well-to-Wheel” Perspective

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tosin Onabanjo ◽  
Giuseppina Di Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Base Case

There is a large imbalance between demand and supply of energy in Nigeria, with inefficient power supply being the country’s greatest economic bane. Aside energy crisis, fuel is a luxurious commodity and petroleum diesel is the predominant fuel for power generation, particularly in the industrial sector. As a result, the country suffers from forced power outages, and persistent black out while residents and industries are forced to depend on self-generated electricity. These have notably reduced industrialization and increased environmental pollution across the country. This paper proposes the use of Jatropha biodiesel as a substitute fuel to petroleum diesel. It examines the energy efficiency and environmental life cycle impact of the production and use of 1MJ of Jatropha biodiesel in a typical 126 MW (ISO rating) industrial gas turbine power plant with multi-fuel capability using life cycle assessment methodologies and principles. A net energy ratio of 2.37, 1.54, and 1.32 and fossil fuel savings of 58%, 36% and 27% were achievable under three farming system scenarios: a) base-case rain-fed, b) base-case irrigated and c) large scale farming system. Also, an environmental benefit with GHG savings of 19% was attainable under the three farming scenarios. The results demonstrate that the contribution of GHGs and effect on climate change is most significant with the end use of the fuel. It also highlights the importance of clear definition of the reference system which should be indicative of the local production system and comparative to the system under study. A favourable business and economic climate driven by demand is proposed for Independent Power Producer (IPP) to generate power for off-grid users instead of generating power for the national grid using a decentralized Jatropha biodiesel production system coupled to waste to energy technologies. This could significantly improve the energy situation; diversify the energy generation mix and fuel supply in Nigeria, especially for small-scale businesses and the rural population.

Process integration for microalgal lutein and biodiesel production with concomitant flue gas CO2 sequestration: a biorefinery model for healthcare, energy and environment

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (90) ◽  
pp. 73381-73394 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dineshkumar ◽  
Sukanta Kumar Dash ◽  
Ramkrishna Sen
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy And Environment

An integrated green microalgal biorefinery was developed with a view to sequestering flue gas CO2 and synthesizing lutein and lipid for potential environmental, healthcare and biofuel applications respectively.

scholarly journals Waste to Energy: Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Leather Fleshing Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henok Dagne ◽  
R. Karthikeyan ◽  
Sisay Feleke
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Wet Condition

Background. The demand for diesel fuel is constantly increasing, requiring its alternate that could be sustainable, technically feasible, price competitive, and ecologically acceptable. Biodiesel is one of ecologically acceptable substitute for the conventional fuels. Methods. Sufficient lime fleshing waste was collected from Addis Ababa tannery share company. The limed fleshing waste in the wet condition was delimed using boric acid, dried, chopped, and subjected to Soxhlet extraction using petroleum ether solvent. The oil was treated by orthophosphoric acid and distilled water to remove gums. The pretreated oil was subjected to homogeneous base catalyzed transesterification. Response surface was used to optimize the process variables. GC-MS was used to see composition of the biodiesel produced. Result. The oil yield of the goat, hide, and sheep delimed fleshing wastes were 23.08%, 12.05%, and 26.7%, respectively. The conversion to biodiesel by KOH-catalyzed transesterification was achieved above 96% under optimum conditions: a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1, catalyst amount of 1 % w/w, and reaction temperature of 60°C for an hour reaction time. Conclusion. It was proven that fleshing wastes from tanneries whose storage and disposal are both troublesome and costly could be transformed to a fuel with low emission values and a performance close to diesel fuel.

Process Integration and Feedstock Optimisation of a Two-Step Biodiesel Production Process from Jatropha Curcas Using Aspen Plus

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adewale George Adeniyi ◽  
Joshua O Ighalo ◽  
Omodele A. A Eletta
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Surface Plot ◽  
Steady State Simulation ◽  
Numerical Optimisation

Abstract Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) has been recognized as a viable non-edible feedstock for biodiesel production with the focus of achieving lesser reliance on fossil fuels. The aim of this work is to integrate and simulate the production of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil by a two-step process; a hydrolysis step and a trans-esterification step. The challenge is then to optimise the feedstock ratios to obtain the minimal water and methanol consumption to give optimal biodiesel yield. For this purpose, steady-state simulation model of a two-step production process of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil was prepared using ASPEN Plus V8.8. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD) was used to design optimisation experiments for the research work. From the ANOVA, methanol/oil ratio of the trans-esterification step was found to have a significant effect on the biodiesel yield compared to the water/oil ratio of the hydrolysis step. The linear model developed was shown to be a good predictor of feedstock ratios for biodiesel yield. The surface plot revealed that both feedstock ratios do not show a significant combinatorial effect on each other. Numerical optimisation gave the optimum values of the feedstock ratios as a methanol/oil ratio of 2.667 and a water/oil ratio of 1. The optimisation results also indicated a predicted optimum biodiesel yield of 10.0938 kg/hr.

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