scholarly journals Fluoride removal from natural volcanic underground water by an electrocoagulation process: Parametric and cost evaluations

2019 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 472-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.F. Mena ◽  
A. Betancor-Abreu ◽  
S. González ◽  
S. Delgado ◽  
R.M. Souto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Underground Water ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Modelling of fluoride removal via batch monopolar electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Amri ◽  
M. I. Hashim ◽  
N. Ismail ◽  
F. S. Rohman ◽  
N. A. A. Bashah
Keyword(s):  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Effects of operational parameters on defluoridation efficiency using electrocoagulation process

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Behbahani ◽  
M.R. Alavi Moghaddam ◽  
M. Arami
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Anode Material ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Applied Current ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Electrode Connection

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of operational parameters on fluoride removal using electrocoagulation method. For this purpose, various operational parameters including initial pH, initial fluoride concentration, applied current, reaction time, electrode connection mode, anode material, electrolyte salt, electrolyte concentration, number of electrodes and interelectrode distance were investigated. The highest defluoridation efficiency achieved at initial pH 6. In the case of initial fluoride concentration, maximum removal efficiency (98.5%) obtained at concentration of 25mg/l. The increase of applied current and reaction time improved defluoridation efficiency up to 99%. The difference of fluoride removal efficiencies between monopolar and bipolar series and monopolar parallel were significant, especially at reaction time of 5 min. When aluminum used as anode material, higher removal efficiency (98.5%) achieved compared to that of iron anode (67.7%). The best electrolyte salt was NaCl with the maximum defluoridation efficiency of 98.5% compared to KNO3 and Na2SO4. The increase of NaCl had no effect on defluoridation efficiency. Number of electrodes had little effect on the amounts of Al3+ ions released in the solution and as a result defluoridation efficiency. Almost the same fluoride removal efficiency obtained for different interelectrode distances.

scholarly journals Assessment of fluoride removal in a batch electrocoagulation process: A case study in the Mount Meru Enclave.

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e00737
Author(s):  
Risala Mureth ◽  
Revocatus Machunda ◽  
Karoli N Njau ◽  
David Dodoo-Arhin
Keyword(s):  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

scholarly journals Modeling and optimization of a continuous electrocoagulation process using an artificial intelligence approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno S. Graça ◽  
Ana M. Ribeiro ◽  
Alírio E. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Operating Cost ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Hidden Layer ◽  
Intelligence Approach

Abstract An artificial neural network (ANN) with the topology 8-94-85-2 (input – hidden layer 1 - hidden layer 2 - output) was used to model the operation of the continuous electrocoagulation (CEC) process for the removal of fluoride from water. After the ANN training, the sum of the squared errors (MSE) and the determination coefficient (R2) of the testing set model predictions were 0.0088 and 0.999, respectively, showing a good generalization and model's predictive capacity. The optimization of the process cost using the genetic algorithm (GA) showed that the optimal conditions are highly dependent on the feed concentration and the fluoride removal requirements. For a 5 L of water containing 10 mg/L of fluoride, the optimal conditions to reduce the fluoride concentration below the permissible limit (1.5 mg/L) are 88.3 mA of current intensity, a flow rate of 73.6 mL/min, and the use of a series monopolar (SM) electrode configuration, corresponding to a fluoride removal of 85% and an operating cost of 0.05 €/L.

scholarly journals Application of cryptocrystalline magnesite-bentonite clay hybrid for defluoridation of underground water resources: implication for point of use treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Masindi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms ◽  
G Ratio

A new synthesis method was established to fabricate a nanocomposite material comprising of cryptocrystalline magnesite and bentonite clay that has high adsorption capacity for ionic pollutants. To synthesize the composite at 1:1 weight (g): weight (g) ratio, a vibratory ball mill was used. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to determine optimum conditions for fluoride adsorption. Parameters optimized included: time, dosage, concentration and pH. Optimum conditions for defluoridation were found to be 30 min of agitation, 0.5 g of dosage, 0.5:100 solid to liquid (S/L) ratios and 25 mg L−1 of initial fluoride ions. Fluoride removal was independent of pH. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were well fitted by pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, respectively, indicating chemical and monolayer adsorption. Findings illustrated that the newly synthesized adsorbent was a promising adsorbent for the environmental pollution clean-up of excess fluoride in underground water and it can be used as a point source treatment technology in rural areas of South Africa and other developing countries.

scholarly journals Kinetics and equilibrium studies for removal of fluoride from underground water using cryptocrystalline magnesite

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vhahangwele Masindi ◽  
Wilson Mugera Gitari ◽  
Tholiso Ngulube
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In the present study, the defluoridation capabilities and adsorption mechanisms of cryptocrystalline magnesite were evaluated. All experiments were done by batch procedure. Conditions assessed include time, dosage, concentration, pH and the effects of competing ions. Optimum defluoridation conditions were observed to be 20 g/L magnesite, 2:100 solid:liquid ratio, 20 min of agitation and 60 mg/L fluoride concentration. Adsorption of fluoride by magnesite was observed to be independent of pH. Cryptocrystalline magnesite showed >99% efficiency for fluoride removal. Adsorption kinetics fitted better to a pseudo-second order than a pseudo-first order thus confirming chemisorption. Adsorption data fitted better to a Langmuir than a Freundlich adsorption isotherm thus confirming monolayer adsorption. Cryptocrystalline magnesite successfully removed excess fluoride from aqueous solution to below Department of Water Affairs and Forestry water quality guidelines. As such, this material can be used for a point source defluoridation technique in rural areas and households in South Africa and other developing countries. Based on comparison studies, cryptocrystalline magnesite proved to have high adsorption capacity for fluoride removal and can be used as a substitute for conventional treatment methods.

scholarly journals Comparison of Electrocoagulation Process and Other Treatment Technologies in Fluoride Removal from Groundwater

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1275-1282
Author(s):  
Benan Yazici Karabulut ◽  
Ayse Dilek Atasoy
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
As Adsorption ◽  
Removal Technologies ◽  
Water Fluoride

Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources in the world and plays a very important role in the supply of drinking water. Fluoride is probably one of the most common groundwater pollutants in the world for various reasons (structure of soil and rocks, etc.). The concentration of fluoride in groundwater above 1.5 mg/L begins to pose some risks to human health. Various conventional techniques such as adsorption, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, precipitation have been developed for the removal of fluoride from water. However, they have several limitations, such as post-treatment re-treatment, less efficiency and higher installation costs. The electrocoagulation process is an effective technology for fluoride removal within conventional techniques. In this study, fluoride removal technologies are emphasized, and the studies done in this field are examined. The aim of this study is to investigate the advantages of electrocoagulation method in fluoride removal and to compare electrocoagulation process with other treatment technologies.

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