Modelling of fluoride removal via batch monopolar electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of operational parameters on fluoride removal using electrocoagulation method. For this purpose, various operational parameters including initial pH, initial fluoride concentration, applied current, reaction time, electrode connection mode, anode material, electrolyte salt, electrolyte concentration, number of electrodes and interelectrode distance were investigated. The highest defluoridation efficiency achieved at initial pH 6. In the case of initial fluoride concentration, maximum removal efficiency (98.5%) obtained at concentration of 25mg/l. The increase of applied current and reaction time improved defluoridation efficiency up to 99%. The difference of fluoride removal efficiencies between monopolar and bipolar series and monopolar parallel were significant, especially at reaction time of 5 min. When aluminum used as anode material, higher removal efficiency (98.5%) achieved compared to that of iron anode (67.7%). The best electrolyte salt was NaCl with the maximum defluoridation efficiency of 98.5% compared to KNO3 and Na2SO4. The increase of NaCl had no effect on defluoridation efficiency. Number of electrodes had little effect on the amounts of Al3+ ions released in the solution and as a result defluoridation efficiency. Almost the same fluoride removal efficiency obtained for different interelectrode distances.

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Assessment of fluoride removal in a batch electrocoagulation process: A case study in the Mount Meru Enclave.

Scientific African ◽

10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00737 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. e00737

Author(s):

Risala Mureth ◽

Revocatus Machunda ◽

Karoli N Njau ◽

David Dodoo-Arhin

Keyword(s):

Fluoride Removal ◽

Electrocoagulation Process

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Comparison and understanding of fluoride removal mechanism in Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Al 3+ ion assisted electrocoagulation process using Fe and Al electrodes

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.jece.2015.06.014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 1784-1793 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Kadarkarai Govindan ◽

Mohan Raja ◽

Subramanian Uma Maheshwari ◽

Michael Noel ◽

Yoram Oren

Keyword(s):

Fluoride Removal ◽

Removal Mechanism ◽

Electrocoagulation Process

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Modeling and optimization of a continuous electrocoagulation process using an artificial intelligence approach

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2021.249 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nuno S. Graça ◽

Ana M. Ribeiro ◽

Alírio E. Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Operating Cost ◽

Fluoride Concentration ◽

Fluoride Removal ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Feed Concentration ◽

Predictive Capacity ◽

Electrocoagulation Process ◽

Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽

Hidden Layer ◽

Intelligence Approach

Abstract An artificial neural network (ANN) with the topology 8-94-85-2 (input – hidden layer 1 - hidden layer 2 - output) was used to model the operation of the continuous electrocoagulation (CEC) process for the removal of fluoride from water. After the ANN training, the sum of the squared errors (MSE) and the determination coefficient (R2) of the testing set model predictions were 0.0088 and 0.999, respectively, showing a good generalization and model's predictive capacity. The optimization of the process cost using the genetic algorithm (GA) showed that the optimal conditions are highly dependent on the feed concentration and the fluoride removal requirements. For a 5 L of water containing 10 mg/L of fluoride, the optimal conditions to reduce the fluoride concentration below the permissible limit (1.5 mg/L) are 88.3 mA of current intensity, a flow rate of 73.6 mL/min, and the use of a series monopolar (SM) electrode configuration, corresponding to a fluoride removal of 85% and an operating cost of 0.05 €/L.

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Comparison of Electrocoagulation Process and Other Treatment Technologies in Fluoride Removal from Groundwater

Academic Perspective Procedia ◽

10.33793/acperpro.02.03.142 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 1275-1282

Author(s):

Benan Yazici Karabulut ◽

Ayse Dilek Atasoy

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Ion Exchange ◽

Fluoride Removal ◽

The World ◽

Effective Technology ◽

Electrocoagulation Process ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

As Adsorption ◽

Removal Technologies ◽

Water Fluoride

Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources in the world and plays a very important role in the supply of drinking water. Fluoride is probably one of the most common groundwater pollutants in the world for various reasons (structure of soil and rocks, etc.). The concentration of fluoride in groundwater above 1.5 mg/L begins to pose some risks to human health. Various conventional techniques such as adsorption, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, precipitation have been developed for the removal of fluoride from water. However, they have several limitations, such as post-treatment re-treatment, less efficiency and higher installation costs. The electrocoagulation process is an effective technology for fluoride removal within conventional techniques. In this study, fluoride removal technologies are emphasized, and the studies done in this field are examined. The aim of this study is to investigate the advantages of electrocoagulation method in fluoride removal and to compare electrocoagulation process with other treatment technologies.

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Application of Electrocoagulation Process Using Iron and Aluminum Electrodes for Fluoride Removal from Aqueous Environment

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2012/102629 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 2297-2308 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Edris Bazrafshan ◽

Kamal Aldin Ownagh ◽

Amir Hossein Mahvi

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Fluoride Concentration ◽

Electrical Potential ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Fluoride Removal ◽

Aqueous Environment ◽

Treatment Rate ◽

Effective Removal ◽

Electrocoagulation Process ◽

Aluminum Electrodes

Fluoride in drinking water above permissible level is responsible for human being affected by skeletal fluorosis. The present study was carried out to assess the ability of electrocoagulation process with iron and aluminum electrodes in order to removal of fluoride from aqueous solutions. Several working parameters, such as fluoride concentration, pH, applied voltage and reaction time were studied to achieve a higher removal capacity. Variable concentrations (1, 5 and 10 mg L-1) of fluoride solutions were prepared by mixing proper amount of sodium fluoride with deionized water. The varying pH of the initial solution (3, 7 and 10) was also studied to measure their effects on the fluoride removal efficiency. Results obtained with synthetic solution revealed that the most effective removal capacities of fluoride could be achieved at 40 V electrical potential. In addition, the increase of electrical potential, in the range of 10-40 V, enhanced the treatment rate. Also comparison of fluoride removal efficiency showed that removal efficiency is similar with iron and aluminum electrodes. Finally it can be concluded that the electrocoagulation process has the potential to be utilized for the cost-effective removal of fluoride from water and wastewater.

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