Chronic toxicity of uranium to three benthic organisms in laboratory spiked sediment

Abstract A survey of water and sediment from 152 harbours, marinas and shipping channels across Canada was conducted in 1999 to determine the extent of contamination by tributyltin (TBT) prior to the total ban on its antifouling uses being phased in over the period 2003 to 2008, and to assess the effectiveness of the 1989 regulation of antifouling uses of TBT under the Canadian Pest Control Products Act. TBT was found in sediments in this survey much more frequently than in water. The main conclusion was that by 1999 the regulation had been generally effective in reducing TBT contamination in water, but not sediment, in small-craft marinas and harbours. TBT continued to be found in some freshwater and seawater locations frequented by larger vessels, that could have been legally painted at the time with TBT antifouling paints, at concentrations that could cause chronic toxicity to aquatic organisms. TBT was also found in many marine sediments, and some freshwater sediments, at concentrations that could cause chronic toxicity to sensitive benthic organisms. In addition, TBT concentrations in many marine sediments could cause acute toxicity to sensitive benthic organisms. Because of the long persistence of TBT in sediments, it may pose a hazard to benthic organisms in some locations in Canada for many years after the total ban on antifouling uses of TBT.

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Toxicity and accumulation of zinc and copper in Hyalella azteca exposed to metal-spiked sediments

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f97-020 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

pp. 1046-1054 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

U Borgmann ◽

W P Norwood

Keyword(s):

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Sediment Toxicity ◽

Copper Toxicity ◽

Hyalella Azteca ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Copper Accumulation ◽

Zinc Toxicity ◽

Short Term ◽

Spiked Sediment ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between zinc and copper toxicity in Hyalella azteca and accumulation from metal-spiked sediments was determined for future use in identifying sites where these metals contribute to sediment toxicity. Both zinc and copper accumulation increased rapidly with increasing sediment concentrations, showing no evidence of saturation as seen in waterborne exposures. Zinc accumulation from zinc spiked sediments was substantial, even at concentrations below those causing chronic toxicity, and body concentrations can readily be used to infer chronic toxicity. Chronic toxicity in spiked sediment exposures occurred at excess (above background) body concentrations twice as high as in waterborne exposures, possibly as a result of zinc in gut contents. In contrast, chronic copper toxicity occurred at body concentrations lower than those observed in waterborne exposures. Furthermore, body copper at low sediment exposures was independent of copper in sediment. Body copper concentrations can be used to infer short-term (1-week) toxicity but not chronic toxicity. Copper, but not zinc, caused a reduction in growth, even at concentrations below the 4-week LC25. Reduced growth can, therefore, be used to differentiate between chronic copper and zinc toxicity in sediments.

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Chronic toxicity of sediment-associated linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS) to freshwater benthic organisms

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2005.12.049 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 144 (2) ◽

pp. 661-668 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

S.D.W. Comber ◽

A.U. Conrad ◽

S. Höss ◽

S. Webb ◽

S. Marshall

Keyword(s):

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Benthic Organisms ◽

Linear Alkylbenzene

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Carcinogenicity and Chronic Toxicity of Para-Chloronitrobenzene in Rats and Mice by Two-Year Feeding

Journal of Environmental Pathology Toxicology and Oncology ◽

10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.v25.i3.20 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 571-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Michiharu Matsumoto ◽

Shigetoshi Aiso ◽

Hideki Senoh ◽

Kazunori Yamazaki ◽

Heihachiro Arito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Rats And Mice

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Acute and chronic toxicity studies on Polygonum glabrum in experimental animals

International Journal of Pharmacometrics and Integrated Biosciences ◽

10.26452/ijpib.v3i1.1216 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 7-10

Author(s):

Saravanakumar A ◽

Gandhimathi R

Keyword(s):

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Plant Roots ◽

Root Extract ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Toxicity Studies ◽

Acute And Chronic Toxicity ◽

Diuretic Agents

Polygonum glabrum is being used in traditional and folklore medicine to treat pneumonia and jaundice. Plant roots are used in ayurvedic preparations to treat fever and colic. The leaves are used as diuretic agents and process vermifuge action. Plant decoction is also used in the treatment of Rheumatism. Besides having many uses and folklore claims, herbal medicines are to be thoroughly investigated for their toxicity also. Therefore this work is being carried out to examine the toxicity of the drug and established dose is safe to use in the clinical stage. The current research studied the acute and chronic toxicity of Polygonum glabrum root extract in rats. It is proved that there was no change in any parameter tested both in acute and chronic toxicity, which means the extract is safe and non-toxic at the dose of 2g/kg also.

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Water quality. Determination of chronic toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia

10.3403/30037886u ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Ceriodaphnia Dubia

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ECOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF HAZARD, POSED BY WATER CONTAMINATION OF WATER BODIES WITH POLYVINYL NITRATE

Токсикологический вестник ◽

10.36946/0869-7922-2018-1-12-19 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 12-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. A. Maslennikov ◽

S. A. Demidova ◽

A. V. Ryabova

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Water Contamination ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Organoleptic Properties ◽

Toxicological Assessment ◽

Threshold Levels ◽

Polyvinyl Nitrate

Water containing polyvinyl nitrate was experimentally assessed on the basis of organoleptic, general sanitary and toxicological indicators of harmfulness. It was established that that the compound did not change water organoleptic properties but produced a negative impact on viability of saprophytic microflora , nitrification processes and biochemical oxygen demand. Besides, in tests on animals. the substance caused acute, sub-acute and chronic toxicity. Based on those signs of harmfulness, threshold levels of exposure were established. Data obtained were taken into account for substantiation of MAC (Maximum allowable concentration) of polyvinyl nitrate in water bodies.

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