A combination of Semen Cuscutae and Fructus Lycii improves testicular cell proliferation and inhibits their apoptosis in rats with spermatogenic dysfunction by regulating the SCF/c-kit--PI3K--Bcl-2 pathway

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the action of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) on testicular cell proliferation during early postnatal life, a definite developmental time at which crucial changes in germ cell and Sertoli cell maturation occur. METHODS: We investigated the effect of BMP2 and BMP7, two factors which belong to the relatively distant decapentaplegic (DPP) and 60 A classes of the large BMP family, upon spermatogonial and Sertoli cell proliferation, and we examined the expression of activin/BMP type II and type I receptors. We used in vitro cultured testis fragments from 7-day-old mice, highly purified populations of somatic and germ cells and total testes from mice of different ages. Cell proliferation was assessed by BrdU labelling and [3H]-thymidine incorporation. Ribonuclease protection assays and Northern blotting were performed to analyse receptor expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated a stimulatory action of BMP2 and BMP7 in spermatogonia and Sertoli cell proliferation respectively. ActRIIB is the type II receptor expressed most in spermatogonia, whereas Sertoli cells specifically expressed BMPRIIB, in addition to ActRIIB. By contrast, the presence of ActRIIA was undetectable in either germ or somatic cells. The type I receptors ActRIA, ActRIB and BMPRIA were all found in both cell types, indicating that the observed effect of BMP2 and BMP7 on testicular cell proliferation may be mediated by a number of combinatorial interactions in the receptor complexes. These findings suggest that BMPs are involved in physiological paracrine signalling during the first wave of spermatogenesis.

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Efficacy of Ethanol Extract ofFructus lyciiand Its Constituents Lutein/Zeaxanthin in Protecting Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells against Oxidative Stress:In VivoandIn VitroModels of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2013/862806 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Xinrong Xu ◽

Li Hang ◽

Binglin Huang ◽

Yuanhua Wei ◽

Shizhong Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Retinal Pigment ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Age Related ◽

Fructus Lycii

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of blindness worldwide. Oxidative stress plays a large role in the pathogenesis of AMD. The present study was to evaluate the effects ofFructus lyciiethanol extract on AMD in mice and to investigate whether combination of lutein and zeaxanthin, two carotenoid pigments inFructus lycii, could protect human retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)in vitro. We found that severe sediment beneath retinal pigment epithelium and thickened Bruch membrane occurred in AMD mice. However,Fructus lyciiethanol extract improved the histopathologic changes and decreased the thickness of Bruch membrane. Furthermore, the gene and protein expression of cathepsin B and cystatin C was upregulated in AMD mice but was eliminated byFructus lyciiethanol extract. Investigationsin vitroshowed that ARPE-19 cell proliferation was suppressed by H2O2. However, lutein/zeaxanthin not only stimulated cell proliferation but also abrogated the enhanced expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. These data collectively suggested thatFructus lyciiethanol extract and its active components lutein/zeaxanthin had protective effects on AMDin vivoandin vitro, providing novel insights into the beneficial role ofFructus lyciifor AMD therapy.

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Toxicological effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol on mouse ovarian and testicular cell proliferation, apoptosis and oocyte maturation

Reproductive Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.10.005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

pp. 94-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yingying Han ◽

Shuhao Zhang ◽

Ziyi Wang ◽

Lin Zhang ◽

Fengwei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Oocyte Maturation ◽

Testicular Cell ◽

Toxicological Effects

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Bigger testes do work more: experimental evidence that testis size reflects testicular cell proliferation activity in the marine invertebrate, the free-living flatworm Macrostomum sp.

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology ◽

10.1007/s00265-004-0802-9 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Lukas Sch�rer ◽

Peter Ladurner ◽

ReinhardM. Rieger

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Experimental Evidence ◽

Marine Invertebrate ◽

Testis Size ◽

Testicular Cell ◽

Free Living ◽

Cell Proliferation Activity ◽

Proliferation Activity

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Fibroblasts During Hypertrophic Scar Formation and Resolution

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100072587 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 428-429

Author(s):

C. W. Kischer

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Cell Proliferation ◽

Fine Structure ◽

Metabolic Activity ◽

Hypertrophic Scar ◽

Normal Skin ◽

Ground Substance ◽

Hypertrophic Scars ◽

Scanning Electron

The morphology of the fibroblasts changes markedly as the healing period from burn wounds progresses, through development of the hypertrophic scar, to resolution of the scar by a self-limiting process of maturation or therapeutic resolution. In addition, hypertrophic scars contain an increased cell proliferation largely made up of fibroblasts. This tremendous population of fibroblasts seems congruous with the abundance of collagen and ground substance. The fine structure of these cells should reflect some aspects of the metabolic activity necessary for production of the scar, and might presage the stage of maturation.A comparison of the fine structure of the fibroblasts from normal skin, different scar types, and granulation tissue has been made by transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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The Effect of Androgen Depletion and Replacement on the Epithelium of the Seminal Vesicle of the Aging Rat

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100116577 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 590-591

Author(s):

Venita F. Allison

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Seminal Vesicle ◽

Male Rats ◽

Target Cells ◽

Cell Regeneration ◽

Secretory Function ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Aging Rat ◽

Microscopic Studies ◽

Androgen Depletion

In 1930, Moore, Hughes and Gallager reported that after castration seminal vesicle epithelial cell atrophy occurred and that cell regeneration could be achieved with daily injections of testis extract. Electron microscopic studies have confirmed those observations and have shown that testosterone injections restore the epithelium of the seminal vesicle in adult castrated male rats. Studies concerned with the metabolism of androgens point out that dihydrotestosterone stimulates cell proliferation and that other metabolites of testosterone probably influence secretory function in certain target cells.Although the influence of androgens on adult seminal vesicle epithelial cytology is well documented, little is known of the effect of androgen depletion and replacement on those cells in aging animals. The present study is concerned with the effect of castration and testosterone injection on the epithelium of the seminal vesicle of aging rats.

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Acetaminophen: Macula densa hypersecretory activity by induced hepatotoxicity

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012895x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 934-935

Author(s):

S.S. Poolsawat ◽

C.A. Huerta ◽

S.TY. Lae ◽

G.A. Miranda

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Liver Function ◽

Chronic Inflammation ◽

Foam Cell ◽

Term Effect ◽

Short Term ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Experimental Induction ◽

Tissue Alterations ◽

Toxic Responses

Introduction. Experimental induction of altered histology by chemical toxins is of particular importance if its outcome resembles histopathological phenomena. Hepatotoxic drugs and chemicals are agents that can be converted by the liver into various metabolites which consequently evoke toxic responses. Very often, these drugs are intentionally administered to resolve an illness unrelated to liver function. Because of hepatic detoxification, the resulting metabolites are suggested to be integrated into the macromolecular processes of liver function and cause an array of cellular and tissue alterations, such as increased cytoplasmic lysis, centrilobular and localized necroses, chronic inflammation and “foam cell” proliferation of the hepatic sinusoids (1-4).Most experimentally drug-induced toxicity studies have concentrated primarily on the hepatic response, frequently overlooking other physiological phenomena which are directly related to liver function. Categorically, many studies have been short-term effect investigations which seldom have followed up the complications to other tissues and organs when the liver has failed to function normally.

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