Galla Chinensis, a Traditional Chinese Medicine: Comprehensive review of botany, traditional uses, chemical composition, pharmacology and toxicology

2021 ◽  
pp. 114247
Author(s):  
Yuan-yuan Ren ◽  
Xiao-rui Zhang ◽  
Ting-na Li ◽  
Yi-jia Zeng ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology

Cardiovascular Modulating Effects of Magnolol and Honokiol, Two Polyphenolic Compounds from Traditional Chinese Medicine-Magnolia Officinalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Xiaocui Zhou ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiangyan Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Magnolia Officinalis

Honokiol and its isomer magnolol are poly-phenolic compounds isolated from the Magnolia officinalis that exert cardiovascular modulating effects via a variety of mechanisms. They are used as blood-quickening and stasis-dispelling agents in Traditional Chinese Medicine and confirmed to have therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy. This comprehensive review summarizes the current data regarding the cardioprotective mechanisms of those compounds and identifies areas for further research.

Traditional uses, bioactive composition, pharmacology, and toxicology of Phyllanthus emblica fruits: A comprehensive review

2021 ◽  
pp. 114570
Author(s):  
Rakshandha Saini ◽  
Nitin Sharma ◽  
Oluwole Solomon Oladeji ◽  
Anuradha Sourirajan ◽  
Kamal Dev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology

scholarly journals Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos: A Systematic Pharmacology Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Li ◽  
Weiyan Cai ◽  
Xiaogang Weng ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Yajie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Clinical Safety ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology

Lonicerae japonicae flos, a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used for several thousand years in China.Chinese Pharmacopeiaonce included Lonicerae japonicae flos of Caprifoliaceae family and plants of the same species named Lonicerae flos in general in the same group.Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 Edition) lists Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos under different categories, although they have the similar history of efficacy. In this study, we research ancient books of TCM, 4 main databases of Chinese academic journals, and MEDLINE/PubMed to verify the origins and effects of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos in traditional medicine and systematically summarized the research data in light of modern pharmacology and toxicology. Our results show that Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos are similar pharmacologically, but they also differ significantly in certain aspects. A comprehensive systematic review and a standard comparative pharmacological study of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos as well as other species of Lonicerae flos support their clinical safety and application. Our study provides evidence supporting separate listing of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos inChinese Pharmacopeiaas well as references for revision of relevant pharmacopeial records dealing with traditional efficacy of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos.

scholarly journals Discrimination and Proper Use of Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Cynanchi Wilfordii Radix, and Cynanchi Auriculati Radix in Korea: A Descriptive Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beom-Joon Lee ◽  
Kyungjin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Kampo Medicine ◽  
Traditional Korean Medicine ◽  
Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
Traditional Uses

Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR), Cynanchi Wilfordii Radix (CWR), and Cynanchi Auriculati Radix (CAR) are very popular herbal medicines in Traditional Korean Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Kampo Medicine. However, the plant origins, efficacies, and traditional uses of these herbal medicines differ. In Korea, PMR is calledHa Su O(He Shou Wuin China), and CWR is calledBaek Ha Su OorBaek Su O(Bai Shou Wuin China).Baek Su Orefers to CWR in Korea and CAR in China. CAR has not been used as a traditional herbal medicine, and it cannot be legally used as a food or food ingredient in Korea. However, CAR is cultivated in Korea and imported from China. Because the morphology of CWR and CAR is very similar, they are often confused and misused in Korea. This review discusses the reasons for the confusion and misuse of these substances in Korea and provides the exact plant origins, efficacies, uses, components, and toxicities of PMR, CWR, and CAR so that they can be correctly understood and used.

Comparision of Bupleurum scorzoneri folium Willd. Grouping from Different Habitats Based on Pattern Recognition with R Software

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 1139-1142
Author(s):  
Wen Rui ◽  
Hong Yuan Chen ◽  
Yi Fan Feng ◽  
Zhong Feng Shi ◽  
Miao Miao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
R Software ◽  
Pattern Recognition Methods

Bupleurum scorzoneri folium Willd.(BSFW) is a traditional Chinese medicine which is widely distributed in China. To evaluate the quality of BSFW from different habitats, samples from 5 different areas in China were determined by UPLC/MS. The chemical data were dealed with hierarchical clustering, PCA, SPCA, PLSDA and SPLSDA using R software. The results show that these pattern recognition methods can fully reflect the chemical composition of different areas of BSFW, which make it possible to control the quality.

scholarly journals Impact of Microwave Treatment on Chemical Constituents in Fresh Rhizoma Gastrodiae (Tianma) by UPLC-MS Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Qimeng Fan ◽  
Chaoyin Chen ◽  
Dingqi Xie ◽  
Shenglan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Chemical Component ◽  
Vanillyl Alcohol ◽  
Microwave Technology ◽  
Active Compounds

Fresh Rhizoma Gastrodiae (Tianma) was processed in a microwave oven at 2450 MHz in order to study the effect on the main chemical component changes taking place during microwave treatment. It was found that microwave affected the chemical composition of Tianma. Seven compounds, including gastrodin, gastrodigenin (p-hydroxybenzylalcohol), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillyl alcohol, vanillin, adenine, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, were identified in this study. As major active compounds, the contents of gastrodin and gastrodigenin in MWT Tianma were both twice as much as those in raw Tianma. Besides, the MS data show that there are still some unidentified compositions in Tianma, and there are also many converted compounds in MWT Tianma, which is worthy of further work. The results have indicated that microwave treated fresh Tianma might be helpful in designing the processing of traditional Chinese medicine and the application of microwave technology in traditional Chinese medicine needs to be researched further in the future.

scholarly journals Phenolics in the Tussilago farfara leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Chanaj-Kaczmarek ◽  
Małgorzata Wojcińska ◽  
Irena Matławska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Respiratory Tract Diseases ◽  
Nmr Analysis ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Quercetin Derivatives ◽  
Tussilago Farfara ◽  
C Nmr

Summary Coltsfoot leaves (Farfarae folium) are used in the European medicine in respiratory tract diseases, for cough, bronchitis and asthmatic disorders, while in the traditional Chinese medicine only flower buds (Farfarae flos) have been recognized as a medicine. A short literature review shows that most data concern the chemical composition of the coltsfoot flowers. During the carried out studies we have isolated and identified (UV, 1H and 13C NMR, analysis of acid and enzymatic hydrolyze products) six known flavonols from the coltsfoot leaves: kaempferol and its 3-O-β-glucopyranoside and 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)- β-glucopyranoside, along with quercetin derivatives: 3-O-β-arabinopyranoside, 3-O-β- glucopyranoside and 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-β-glucopyranoside. Moreover, we have detected the presence of three phenolic acids.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Chemical Composition, as Determined by UPLC-TOF-MS, and Acute Toxicity ofVeratrum nigrumL. andRadix paeoniae alba

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianxie Zhang ◽  
Yuguang Wang ◽  
Qiande Liang ◽  
Zengchun Ma ◽  
Chengrong Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Veratrum Alkaloids ◽  
Radix Paeoniae Alba ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Tof Ms

The eighteen incompatible medicaments is an important theory in traditional Chinese medicine. The theory suggests that drugs in the eighteen incompatible medicaments can be toxic when used together.Veratrum nigrumL. andRadix paeoniae albabelong to the eighteen incompatible medicaments and have been prohibited for thousands of years. This study offers preliminary insight into the mechanism and chemical constituents responsible for the incompatibility and toxicity of these two agents. Specifically, we performed toxicology studies to identify and quantify the constituent substances of the two agents. Experiments revealed that acute toxicity increases when the dose ofV. nigrumL. is higher than, or equal to, RPA. UPLC-TOF-MS analysis showed that, although the volumes ofV. nigrumL. were the same, the content of some veratrum alkaloids changed significantly and had a trend toward a highly positive correlationr≥0.8with toxicity. This suggests that the increased toxicity of theV. nigrumL. and RPA combination was due mainly to increased content of the special veratrum alkaloids. The cytotoxicity of veratridine in SH-SY5Y cells was decreased with increasing paeoniflorin concentrations. This study provides insight into the mechanism behind the incompatibility theory of TCM.

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