Amelioration of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced disruption of intestinal epithelium by manno-oligosaccharide in weaned pigs

This study was conducted to explore the protective potential of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced inflammation and intestinal injury in weaned pigs.

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Manno-oligosaccharide attenuates inflammation and intestinal epithelium injury in weaned pigs upon Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli K88 challenge

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114520004948 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-37

Author(s):

En Yu ◽

Daiwen Chen ◽

Bing Yu ◽

Zhiqing Huang ◽

Xiangbing Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Intestinal Epithelium ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Villus Height ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Glucose Transporter 2

Abstract To explore the effect of mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on intestinal health in weaned pigs upon Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (ETEC) challenge, thirty-two male weaned pigs were randomly assigned into four groups. Pigs fed with a basal diet or basal diet containing MOS (0.6 g/kg) were orally infused with ETEC or culture medium. Results showed that MOS significantly elevated the digestibility of crude protein (CP) and gross energy (GE) in both ETEC-challenged and non-challenged pigs (P < 0.05). MOS also elevated serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgM (P < 0.05), but decreased serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (P < 0.05) in ETEC-challenged pigs. Interestingly, MOS increased villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C) in duodenum and ileum (P < 0.05). MOS also increased duodenal sucrase and ileal lactase activity in ETEC-challenged pigs (P < 0.05). MOS decreased the abundance of Escherichia coli, but increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus in cecum (P < 0.05). Importantly, MOS not only elevated the expression levels of zonula occludins-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1, and glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2) in duodenum (P < 0.05), but also elevated the expression levels of ZO-1, GLUT-2, and L-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT-1) in ileum (P < 0.05) upon ETEC challenge. These results suggested that MOS can alleviate inflammation and intestinal injury in weaned pigs upon ETEC challenge, which was associated with suppressed secretion of inflammatory cytokines and elevated serum immunoglobulins, as well as improved intestinal epithelium functions and microbiota.

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Fructooligosaccharides improves growth performance and intestinal epithelium function in weaned pigs exposure to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

10.21203/rs.3.rs-45384/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lei Liu ◽

daiwen Chen ◽

Bing Yu ◽

Yin Heng ◽

Zhiqing Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Intestinal Epithelium ◽

Amino Acid Transporter ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Villus Height ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Glucose Transporter 2 ◽

Acid Transporter

Abstract Background This study was conducted to explore the protective potential of Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced inflammation and intestinal injury in weaned pigs. Methods Twenty-four weaned pigs were randomly assigned into three groups: (1) non-challenge (CON), (2) ETEC-challenge (ECON), and (3) ETEC challenge + 250 mg/kg FOS (EFOS). On day 19, non-challenged pigs were orally infused with sterilized culture while pigs in other groups were orally infused with ETEC (2.5 × 1010 colony-forming units). After 3 days, pigs were slaughtered for sample collection. Results We show that ETEC-challenged significantly reduced average daily gain (ADG); however, FOS improved the ADG (P < 0.05) and apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP), gross energy (GE), and ash in the ETEC-challenged pigs (P < 0.05). FOS reduced plasma concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α, and elevated the concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) (P < 0.05). Interestingly, FOS elevated villus height in duodenum, and elevated the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum and ileum in the ETEC-challenged pigs (P < 0.05). Moreover, FOS increased lactase activity in the duodenum and ileum (P < 0.05). The activities of sucrase and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were higher in EFOS group than in the ECON group (P < 0.05). Importantly, FOS up-regulated the expressions of critical genes in intestinal epithelium function such as zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), L-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1), and cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT1) in the duodenum and the expressions of ZO-1 and glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) in the jejunum (P < 0.05). FOS also up-regulated the expressions of occludin, fatty acid transporter-4 (FATP4), sodium glucose transport protein 1 (SGLT1), and GLUT2 in the ileum (P < 0.05). FOS significantly increased the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in the cecal digesta. Additionally, FOS reduced the populations of Escherichia coli, but elevated the populations of Bacillus and Bifidobacterium in the caecal digesta (P < 0.05). Conclusions These results suggested that FOS can improve the growth performance and intestinal health in weaned pigs upon ETEC challenge, which was associated with suppressed inflammatory responses and improved intestinal epithelium functions and microbiota.

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Amelioration of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced disruption of intestinal epithelium by Manno-oligosaccharide in weaned pigs

10.21203/rs.3.rs-120366/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

En Yu ◽

Daiwen Chen ◽

Bing Yu ◽

Yuheng Luo ◽

Ping Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Intestinal Epithelium ◽

Cell Apoptosis ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Jejunal Mucosa ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Weaned Pigs

Abstract Background: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the major bacterial causes leading to diarrhea and disruption of intestinal epithelium in neonatal animals. Manno-oligosaccharide (MOS) is a prebiotic deprived from natural plants or yeasts. Here, we explored the protective effect of MOS on intestinal epithelium in weaned pigs upon ETEC challenge. Methods: Thirty-two pigs were randomly assigned into four treatments and fed with a basal diet or basal diet containing 0.3% MOS. On day 19, pigs were challenged by ETEC or culture medium. Results: MOS supplementation reduced diarrhea incidence in the pigs upon ETEC challenge (P<0.05). ETEC-challenge elevated the serum concentrations of D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO), however, MOS significantly decreased their concentrations in the serum (P<0.05). Moreover, MOS significantly decreased serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the ETEC-challenged pigs (P<0.05). Interestingly, MOS enhanced the expression and localization of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein in the duodenal and jejunal epithelium. Moreover, MOS decreased the cell apoptosis rate (P<0.05), but significantly elevated the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05). Importantly, MOS decreased the expression levels of critical genes involving in mucosal inflammatory responses (TNF-α, IL-1β, TLR4, and NF-κB) and the apoptosis (Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and Bax) in the jejunum upon ETEC challenge (P<0.05). Moreover, MOS up-regulated the expression of mucosa functional genes such as the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the jejunum and ileum (P<0.05), and elevated the expression level of β-defensin 114 (PBD-114) in the duodenum upon ETEC challenge. Conclusions: These results suggested that MOS can alleviate ETEC-induced disruption of intestinal barrier in weaned pigs, which was associated with suppressed inflammation and epithelial cell apoptosis, and improved antioxidant capacity and intestinal barrier functions.

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Erratum to “Amelioration of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced disruption of intestinal epithelium by manno-oligosaccharide in weaned pigs” [J. Funct. Foods 82 (2021) 104492]

Journal of Functional Foods ◽

10.1016/j.jff.2021.104845 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104845

Author(s):

En Yu ◽

Daiwen Chen ◽

Bing Yu ◽

Yuheng Luo ◽

Ping Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Intestinal Epithelium ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Weaned Pigs

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478 Dietary Butyrate and Valerate Glycerides: Effects on Growth and Systemic Immunity of Weanling Piglets Coinfected with F4 and F18 Escherichia coli

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.384 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 211-212

Author(s):

Lauren L Kovanda ◽

Jungjae Park ◽

Yijie He ◽

Sangwoo Park ◽

Ruochen Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Block Design ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Fecal Shedding ◽

Systemic Immunity ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Weanling Piglets

Abstract Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4 and F18 are the two most dominant pathogenic strains in weaned pigs. The objective of this experiment was to test the effects of dietary monobutyrin and monovalerin on performance and systemic immunity of weanling piglets coinfected with F4/F18 ETEC. Twenty weaned pigs (8.21 ± 1.23 kg) were individually housed and were randomly allotted to one of three diets: control (n = 6), 0.1% monobutyrin (n = 7), or 0.1% monovalerin (n = 7). The experiment was conducted 14 days, including 7 days’ adaption and 7 days post-inoculation (PI). On d 0, d 1, and d 2 PI, pigs were inoculated with 0.5 × 109 CFU/1.5 mL each of F4 and F18 ETEC for three consecutive days. Diarrhea score was recorded daily to determine frequency of diarrhea. Piglets and feeders were weighed throughout the trial to analyze growth performance. Fecal cultures from pigs on d 0, 2, and 4 PI were inspected to identify the absence or presence of hemolytic coliforms. Blood was collected on d 0, 4, and 7 PI for complete blood cells count. All data were analyzed by the Proc Mixed of SAS with randomized complete block design. Pigs supplemented with monovalerin and monobutyrin had numerically higher ADG (249 and 282 g/day) from d 0 to d 7 PI than pigs in control (198 g/day). Supplementation of monovalerin reduced (P < 0.05) frequency of diarrhea throughout the experiment. Pigs fed monovalerin had lower (P < 0.05) neutrophil counts on d 4 PI compared with control. Hemolytic coliforms were observed in all fecal cultures from d 2 and d 4 PI, confirming fecal shedding of ETEC. Results of this study indicate the potential benefits of monovalerin supplementation on performance and disease resistance of weaned pigs coinfected with F4 and F8 ETEC.

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