scholarly journals Planning for protective action decision making: evacuate or shelter-in-place

2004 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J SORENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Action Decision

scholarly journals Determinant Factors in Personal Decision-Making to Adopt COVID-19 Prevention Measures in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8131
Author(s):  
Karina Fernanda Gonzalez ◽  
Maria Teresa Bull ◽  
Sebastian Muñoz-Herrera ◽  
Luis Felipe Robledo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Model ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Protective Action Decision Model ◽  
Exploratory Survey ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Personal Decision ◽  
Action Decision

The pandemic has challenged countries to develop stringent measures to reduce infections and keep the population healthy. However, the greatest challenge is understanding the process of adopting self-care measures by individuals in different countries. In this research, we sought to understand the behavior of individuals who take self-protective action. We selected the risk homeostasis approach to identify relevant variables associated with the risk of contagion and the Protective Action Decision Model to understand protective decision-making in the pandemic. Subsequently, we conducted an exploratory survey to identify whether the same factors, as indicated in the literature, impact Chile’s adoption of prevention measures. The variables gender, age, and trust in authority behave similarly to those found in the literature. However, socioeconomic level, education, and media do not impact the protection behaviors adopted to avoid contagion. Furthermore, the application of the Protective Action Decision Model is adequate to understand the protective measures in the case of a pandemic. Finally, women have a higher risk perception and adopt more protective measures, and in contrast, young people between 18 and 30 years of age are the least concerned about COVID-19 infection.

Protective Actions and Protective Action Decision Making

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-66
Author(s):  
Michael K. Lindell ◽  
Pamela Murray-Tuite ◽  
Brian Wolshon ◽  
Earl J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
Action Decision

scholarly journals Ranchers’ Use of Drought Contingency Plans in Protective Action Decision Making

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
Tonya Haigh ◽  
Michael Hayes ◽  
Jolene Smyth ◽  
Linda Prokopy ◽  
Charles Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Action Decision

scholarly journals Geographic Specificity, Tornadoes, and Protective Action

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle E. Nagele ◽  
Joseph E. Trainor
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Emergency Plan ◽  
Or Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
System Data ◽  
Tornado Warning ◽  
Action Decision

Abstract In 2007, the National Weather Service (NWS) began using storm-based warnings (SBWs) rather than countywide warnings. Some analysts have examined the effects of this change, but little empirical research has yet to focus on the public response. Using a random digit dialing sample and a computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) system, data were collected that focused on protective action decision making in counties that were affected by a severe storm or tornado warning. Based on those data, the following paper examines the influence of these new storm-based warnings on protective action decision making by the public. While a significant relationship between being inside the warning polygon and taking protective action was not found, the authors were able to conclude that polygon size is an important factor. Given these mixed results, it is suggested that future work on storm-based warnings focus on the warnings’ dissemination and reception, as well as the optimization of the polygons themselves. It is suggested that the complexities associated with communicating with these risk areas complicate the dissemination process and create difficulties in the public understanding of the warning. The possible need for optimization is reinforced by the significance of the track proximity and polygon-sized variables. In addition, a smaller polygon resulted in protective action, in particular, sheltering. With regard to the preparedness and sociodemographic variables, the study’s results agreed with previous findings on the importance of a family emergency plan. Unlike earlier research this study did not find past experience or education level significant within the regression model and showed mixed results of gender.

scholarly journals What Makes Homeowners Consider Protective Actions to Reduce Disaster Risk? An Application of the Precaution Adoption Process Model and Life Course Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexia Stock ◽  
Rachel A. Davidson ◽  
Joseph E. Trainor ◽  
Rachel Slotter ◽  
Linda K. Nozick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Life Course Theory ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Precaution Adoption Process Model ◽  
Action Decision ◽  
Precaution Adoption

AbstractWe hypothesize that for disaster risk mitigation, many households, despite being aware of their risk and possible mitigation actions, never seriously consider doing anything about them. In mitigation-focused decisions, since there is no equivalent to warning messages, the decision process is likely to evolve over an extended time. We explore what activates hurricane mitigation protective action decisions through three research questions: (1) to what extent are homeowners unengaged in protective action decision making? (2) What homeowner characteristics are associated with lack of engagement? And (3) to what extent do different life events trigger engagement in the decision-making process? We use the Precaution Adoption Process Model to conceptualize engagement as distinct from decision making; the broader protective action decision-making literature to explore drivers of engagement; and Life Course Theory to examine potential transitions from unengaged to engaged. We use survey data of homeowners in North Carolina to examine these questions empirically. Findings suggest that one-third of respondents had never engaged in protective action decisions, that life experiences differ in their occurrence frequency and effect on households’ mitigation decisions, and that some events, such as renovating, reroofing, or purchasing a home may offer critical moments that could be leveraged to encourage greater engagement in mitigation decision making.

scholarly journals The Wait and See Literature: A Rapid Systematic Review

Fire ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Kenneth Strahan ◽  
John Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Wait And See ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
Action Decision

Delaying protective action decision making in wildfire is inconsistent with fire authorities’ advice and is associated with fatalities. A comprehensive understanding of why at-risk residents wait and see whether they will evacuate from a wildfire or remain to shelter or defend can better inform wildfire safety policy and practice. This systematic review reports the findings of 40 papers selected from 255 identified through a search of papers in Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar published between 1995 and December 2020 in English. This review establishes the extent of wait and see behaviour; grounds for concern for such behaviour; reasons protective action is delayed; the influence of information and warnings; relevance of gender and other characteristics; delay by those who defend their property; and policy implications. This review also details 11 seminal studies that capture much of the evidence on the delay of protective action in wildfire.

scholarly journals Heat adaptation measures in private households: an application and adaptation of the protective action decision model

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Katharina Beckmann ◽  
Michael Hiete ◽  
Michael Schneider ◽  
Christoph Beck
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Decision Model ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Heat Adaptation ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Protective Action Decision Model ◽  
Heat Risk ◽  
Action Decision

AbstractExtreme heatwaves will occur more frequently and with higher intensity in future. Their consequences for human health can be fatal if adaptation measures will not be taken. This study analyses factors related to heat adaptation measures in private households in Germany. During the summer months of 2019, indoor temperatures were measured in over 500 private households in the City of Augsburg, Germany, accompanied by a survey to find out about heat perception and adaptation measures. Hypotheses deducted from the Protective Action Decision Model were tested using one-way ANOVAs, regression analysis and in the end a multiple hierarchical regression model. The results of the hypotheses tested imply an influence of knowledge and heat risk perception of heat adaptation behaviour and an influence of age on heat risk perception. The results of the regression model show an influence of the efficacy-related attribute, of age, indoor temperature, subjective heat stress and health implications to heat adaptation behaviour. In the end, this study proposes adjustments to the PADM according to the results of the hierarchical regression analysis.

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