Mal Orang Sehat Sebagai Penerapan Paradigma Sehat Dan Respon Masyarakat Berdasarkan Precaution Adoption Process Model Di Puskesmas Sobo, Kabupaten Banyuwangi

Kabupaten Banyuwangi pada awal tahun 2019 meresmikan program pelayanan ‘Mal Orang Sehat (MOS)’ dan diimplementasikan pada seluruh 45 Puskesmas di Banyuwangi. MOS bertujuan untuk mewujudkan paradigma sehat yang juga merupakan salah satu prinsip penyelenggaraan Puskesmas. Kunjungan masyarakat untuk mendapatkan pelayanan MOS disebut juga dengan, “Kunjungan sehat”. Target capaian MOS adalah persentase kunjungan sehat yang lebih tinggi dari kunjungan sakit. Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Kabupaten Kesehatan Banyuwangi, diketahui bahwa pada bulan Januari sampai Desember 2019, persentase kunjungan sehat terendah di Kabupaten Banyuwangi berada di Puskesmas Sobo dengan persentase sebesar 7,47%. Penelitian yang menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif ini ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui respon masyarakat terhadap pelayanan MOS di Puskesmas berdasarkan Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM). Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah proportional sampling dengan sejumlah 100 orang sampel yang merupakan masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sobo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden masyarakat (51%) berada pada stage 1 berdasarkan PAPM, yang berarti mayoritas masyarakat wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sobo sama sekali belum mengetahui adanya pelayanan MOS di Puskesmas. Oleh karena itu, rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan adalah dengan meningkatkan dan memperkuat promosi kesehatan MOS, agar lebih banyak masyarakat yang mengetahui pelayanan MOS dan demi terwujudnya target capaian MOS di Puskesmas.

What Makes Homeowners Consider Protective Actions to Reduce Disaster Risk? An Application of the Precaution Adoption Process Model and Life Course Theory

We hypothesize that for disaster risk mitigation, many households, despite being aware of their risk and possible mitigation actions, never seriously consider doing anything about them. In mitigation-focused decisions, since there is no equivalent to warning messages, the decision process is likely to evolve over an extended time. We explore what activates hurricane mitigation protective action decisions through three research questions: (1) to what extent are homeowners unengaged in protective action decision making? (2) What homeowner characteristics are associated with lack of engagement? And (3) to what extent do different life events trigger engagement in the decision-making process? We use the Precaution Adoption Process Model to conceptualize engagement as distinct from decision making; the broader protective action decision-making literature to explore drivers of engagement; and Life Course Theory to examine potential transitions from unengaged to engaged. We use survey data of homeowners in North Carolina to examine these questions empirically. Findings suggest that one-third of respondents had never engaged in protective action decisions, that life experiences differ in their occurrence frequency and effect on households’ mitigation decisions, and that some events, such as renovating, reroofing, or purchasing a home may offer critical moments that could be leveraged to encourage greater engagement in mitigation decision making.

Assessing adherence to guidelines of media reporting on suicide based on the Precaution Adoption Process Model and Agenda-Setting Theory

The World Health Organization named suicide prevention a global imperative with the media playing an integral role in it. By employing the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) and Agenda-Setting Theory as the theoretical framework, this study aimed to examine the coverage on suicide by The Star, which is an English-language daily with the largest circulation in Malaysia. A five-year (2014–18) range of news coverage was assessed for its adherence to the Malaysian guidelines for media reporting on suicide. The findings showed that the coverage on suicide by The Star was mostly in the form of straight news, whereby articles performed the disseminator role of news media providing facts or quote sources, without including journalists’ interpretation on the suicide incidents. The most common source quoted in the coverage were authorities such as police and government officials. The overall adherence of The Star’s suicide coverage with Malaysian guidelines for media reporting on suicide was mixed. Adherence was adequate (>60 per cent) on some items of the guidelines but extremely low (<18 per cent) for other specific recommendations. The practical implications of the findings are discussed with regard to the implementation and monitoring of media guidelines for suicide reporting, as well as professional education and training of journalists and media–mental health professionals liaison.

The Precaution Adoption Process Model in Describing Emergency Action Plan Adoption

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the ability of the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) to classify athletic trainers (ATs) and athletic directors (ADs) readiness to act with regards to adopting an emergency action plan (EAP), and describe factors influencing PAPM stages. Method: We used a cross-sectional questionnaire design to evaluate readiness to act for developing an EAP among ATs and ADs working in United States high schools. The PAPM is a participant-driven model to identify someone’s readiness to act or change and has seven stages: Unaware, Unengaged, Undecided, Decided not to Act, Decided to Act, Acting and Maintaining. Prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Results: A majority of ATs and ADs reported maintaining an EAP in their secondary school (AT “Maintaining” = 84.4%, AD “Maintaining” = 68.7%). ADs were more likely to be staged as “Decided not to Act” (PR=0.14, 95% CI= 0.05, 0.41) for the development of an EAP compared to ATs. ATs were more likely to be staged as “Maintaining” (PR=1.23, 95% CI = 1.16, 1.30) for the development of an EAP compared to ADs. Conclusions: The PAPM appears to be able to classify AT and AD readiness to act with adoption of an EAP. However, statistical modeling struggles to identify predictors for the various stages. Future research should aim to use the PAPM stages in the development of tailored interventions.

Smokers who do not quit: Can the precaution adoption process model help identify hard-core smokers?

IntroductionHard-core smokers have been identified as a potential public health challenge. The trans-theoretical model lacks the specificity to identify hard-core smokers. The precaution adoption process model (PAPM) is a stage-based behaviour change model which includes ‘no intent to quit’ as a distinct stage and so may be useful in identifying hard-core smokers.AimsThe aim of this study was to apply the PAPM to a community based sample of smokers to determine whether it provides a useful approach to identifying hard-core smokers.MethodsWe surveyed smokers in Australia who were recruited through social media and an online data collection agency.ResultsThe sample included 336 current smokers, 11.9% were in Stage 4 of the PAPM – i.e. had decided not to quit. Stage 4 smokers are more resistant to quitting and marked by their similarities to hard-core smokers. This is further amplified when addressing Stage 4 smokers with no previous quit attempt.ConclusionsStage 4 smokers with no previous quit attempts are aligned with a hard-core smoker profile with higher levels of nicotine dependence, greater cigarette consumption and low socio-economic status. Further research is required to determine if PAPM is a valid predictive model for identifying hard-core smokers in clinical practice.

Survey the Effect of Educational Program Based on Precaution Adoption Process Model on Screening Cervical Cancer Behaviors among Rural Women, Mixed Method Development

Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer is considered as a preventable cancer in women. Pap smear test is an effective screening program for diagnosing cervical cancer, but for some reasons its use is low. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting the women's participation in the Pap smear test based on precaution adoption process model and effect of educational program based on model on doing the Pap test with a Mixed Method approach. Materials and Methods: This study was a Mixed Method approach. Thirty women voluntarily participated in this study in sarvabad city of Iran. The sampling began purposefully and continued until saturation. Semi-structured interviews were the primary method of data collection. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and continuous comparisons. Quantitative study was conducted implementing a quasi-experimental method. Participants were divided into two groups as experimental and control groups using Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) among 180 rural females in Sarvabad. In treating the experimental group, the methods of lecturing with question and answer, playing videos, specialized consulting and pamphlet were used. The questionnaire including a demographic characteristic and variables that affecting the stages of the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM). Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney, chi-square and descriptive statistical methods. P <0.05 was considered as the significance level. Results: In qualitative study Model-based themes included, awareness, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, social norms. Women`s awareness about cervical cancer and Pap smear test is not enough, but, they perceived the severity of the disease. In quantitative study in comparison of the means of the scores of psychological variables affecting the decision process in Pap smear test, there was a significant relationship between the experimental and control groups based on Mann-Whitney test and control groups based on variables, perceived susceptibility, awareness and social norms. But the perceived severity was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Findings of this study will help health managers and health planners to plan and train ways to facilitate the participation of women in the Pap smear test.

Analyzing Factors Associated With Decisional Stage of Adoption for Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Older Korean Americans Using Precaution Adoption Process Model

Introduction: For Korean Americans (KAs), colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates remain lower than the national target. This study aimed to examine factors predicting decisional stage of CRC screening adoption among older KAs using the precaution adoption process model. Method: Convenience sampling was employed to recruit KAs aged 50 to 75 years from the Atlanta metropolitan area in the United States. A total of 433 KAs completed a cross-sectional survey that collects information on sociodemographics, CRC screening history, a physician’s recommendation, knowledge, self-efficacy, and decisional balance pertaining CRC screening, and precaution adoption process model stage. Results: Higher scores of decisional balance (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.34), having a physician’s recommendation ( OR = 8.61), and having regular annual medical checkups ( OR = 4.44) were significantly associated with higher decisional stage compared with lower stage, controlling for other variables. Discussion: Intervention research should incorporate consideration of individuals’ decisional stage to move KAs forward from not engaging the screening to maintaining regular participation in CRC screening.