Effects of alternating and direct current in electrocoagulation process on the removal of cadmium from water

Author(s):  
Subramanyan Vasudevan ◽  
Jothinathan Lakshmi ◽  
Ganapathy Sozhan
2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vasudevan ◽  
J. Lakshmi

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of AC and DC on the removal of cadmium from water using iron as anode and cathode. The various operating parameters on the removal efficiency of cadmium were investigated. The results showed that the optimum removal efficiency of 98.1 and 97.3% with the energy consumption of 0.734 and 1.413 kWh/kL was achieved at a current density of 0.2 A/dm2, at pH of 7.0 using AC and DC respectively. The adsorption process follows second order kinetics and the temperature studies showed that adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous in nature.


2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 399-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramakrishnan Kamaraj ◽  
Pandian Ganesan ◽  
Jothinathan Lakshmi ◽  
Subramanyan Vasudevan

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramanyan Vasudevan ◽  
Balasingam Suresh Kannan ◽  
Jothinathan Lakshmi ◽  
Subramanian Mohanraj ◽  
Ganapathy Sozhan

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenta Matsumura ◽  
Koichi Shimizu ◽  
Peter Rolfe ◽  
Masanori Kakimoto ◽  
Takehiro Yamakoshi

Abstract. Pulse volume (PV) and its related measures, such as modified normalized pulse volume (mNPV), direct-current component (DC), and pulse rate (PR), derived from the finger-photoplethysmogram (FPPG), are useful psychophysiological measures. Although considerable uncertainties exist in finger-photoplethysmography, little is known about the extent of the adverse effects on the measures. In this study, we therefore examined the inter-method reliability of each index across sensor positions and light intensities, which are major disturbance factors of FPPG. From the tips of the index fingers of 12 participants in a resting state, three simultaneous FPPGs having overlapping optical paths were recorded, with their light intensity being changed in three steps. The analysis revealed that the minimum values of three coefficients of Cronbach’s α for ln PV, ln mNPV, ln DC, and PR across positions were .948, .850, .922, and 1.000, respectively, and that those across intensities were .774, .985, .485, and .998, respectively. These findings suggest that ln mNPV and PR can be used for psychophysiological studies irrespective of minor differences in sensor attachment positions and light source intensity, whereas and ln DC can also be used for such studies but under the condition of light intensity being fixed.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document