Eicosanoids mediate Galleria mellonella cellular immune response to viral infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ender Büyükgüzel ◽  
Hasan Tunaz ◽  
David Stanley ◽  
Kemal Büyükgüzel
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals Activation of cellular immune response in insect model host Galleria mellonella by fungal α-1,3-glucan

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Stączek ◽  
Agnieszka Zdybicka-Barabas ◽  
Adrian Wiater ◽  
Małgorzata Pleszczyńska ◽  
Małgorzata Cytryńska
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Metarhizium Acridum ◽  
Total Hemocyte Count ◽  
Hemocyte Count ◽  
Cellular Immune

Abstract Alpha-1,3-glucan, in addition to β-1,3-glucan, is an important polysaccharide component of fungal cell walls. It is reported for many fungal species, including human pathogenic genera: Aspergillus, Blastomyces, Coccidioides, Cryptococcus, Histoplasma and Pneumocystis, plant pathogens, e.g. Magnaporthe oryzae and entomopathogens, e.g. Metarhizium acridum. In human and plant pathogenic fungi, α-1,3-glucan is considered as a shield for the β-1,3-glucan layer preventing recognition of the pathogen by the host. However, its role in induction of immune response is not clear. In the present study, the cellular immune response of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella to Aspergillus niger α-1,3-glucan was investigated for the first time. The changes detected in the total hemocyte count (THC) and differential hemocyte count (DHC), formation of hemocyte aggregates and changes in apolipophorin III localization indicated activation of G. mellonella cellular mechanisms in response to immunization with A. niger α-1,3-glucan. Our results, which have clearly demonstrated the response of the insect immune system to this fungal cell wall component, will help in understanding the α-1,3-glucan role in immune response against fungal pathogens not only in insects but also in mammals, including humans.

scholarly journals Differential cellular immune response of Galleria mellonella to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

2017 ◽  
Vol 370 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Andrés Arteaga Blanco ◽  
Josicelli Souza Crispim ◽  
Kenner Morais Fernandes ◽  
Leandro Licursi de Oliveira ◽  
Monalessa Fábia Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals Measurement of Cellular Immune Response to Viral Infection and Vaccination

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert Bouwman ◽  
Wim Verhaegh ◽  
Laurent Holtzer ◽  
Anja van de Stolpe
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals Harnessing Cellular Immunity for Vaccination against Respiratory Viruses

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Nicholas W. Lukacs ◽  
Carrie-Anne Malinczak
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Severe respiratory viral infections, such as influenza, metapneumovirus (HMPV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (RV), and coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), cause significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. These viruses have been identified as important causative agents of acute respiratory disease in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Clinical signs of infection range from mild upper respiratory illness to more serious lower respiratory illness, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Additionally, these illnesses can have long-lasting impact on patient health well beyond resolution of the viral infection. Aside from influenza, there are currently no licensed vaccines against these viruses. However, several research groups have tested various vaccine candidates, including those that utilize attenuated virus, virus-like particles (VLPs), protein subunits, and nanoparticles, as well as recent RNA vaccines, with several of these approaches showing promise. Historically, vaccine candidates have advanced, dependent upon the ability to activate the humoral immune response, specifically leading to strong B cell responses and neutralizing antibody production. More recently, it has been recognized that the cellular immune response is also critical in proper resolution of viral infection and protection against detrimental immunopathology associated with severe disease and therefore, must also be considered when analyzing the efficacy and safety of vaccine candidates. These candidates would ideally result in robust CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses as well as high-affinity neutralizing antibody. This review will aim to summarize established and new approaches that are being examined to harness the cellular immune response during respiratory viral vaccination.

scholarly journals Quantitative measurement of activity of JAK-STAT signaling pathways in blood samples and immune cells to predict innate and adaptive cellular immune response to viral infection and accelerate vaccine development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert Bouwman ◽  
Wim Verhaegh ◽  
Laurent Holtzer ◽  
Anja van de Stolpe
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pathway Activity ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Cellular Immune

AbstractThe host immune response determines the clinical course of a viral infection, for example in case of COVID-19 infection. The effectiveness of vaccination also depends on the induced immune response. Currently there is no method to measure the cellular immune response in blood samples. The functional activity of cells of innate and adaptive immune system is determined by coordinated activity of signaling pathways, especially the JAK-STAT pathways. Using a previously described approach we developed mRNA-based tests to measure activity of these signaling pathways, and show that they can be used to measure in a quantitative manner the cellular innate and adaptive immune response to a viral infection or vaccine in whole blood, PBMC, and specific immune cell type samples. Pathway activity level and range in healthy individuals was established, enabling interpretation of a pathway activity score on a patient sample without the need for a reference sample. Evidence is presented that the pathway activity analysis may also be useful for in vitro vaccine development and assessment of vaccine immunogenicity. Other envisioned applications lie in development of immunomodulatory drugs and drug response prediction and monitoring. Tests are expected to be of value in the COVID-19 crisis. In addition to the described Affymetrix microarray-based pathway tests for measuring host immune response, qPCR-based versions are in development; the latter can in principle be performed within three hours in routine hospital labs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document