Structure and Function of ATP-dependent Chromatin Remodeling Complexes

2021 ◽  
pp. 166929
Author(s):  
Alexis A Reyes ◽  
Ryan D Marcum ◽  
Yuan He
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals The structure and function of ATP‐dependent chromatin remodeling complexes

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaine Bartholomew ◽  
Mekonnen Lemma Dechassa ◽  
Swetansu K Hota ◽  
Punit Prasad ◽  
Payel Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
And Function

Functional diversity of ISWI complexes

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara S Dirscherl ◽  
Jocelyn E Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Catalytic Core ◽  
Chromatin Remodelers ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Curr Opin Cell Biol ◽  
Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
Nuclear Processes

The yeast SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex was first identified and characterized over 10 years ago (F. Winston and M. Carlson. 1992. Trends Genet. 8: 387–391.) Since then, the number of distinct ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes and the variety of roles they play in nuclear processes have become dizzying (J.A. Martens and F. Winston. 2003. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 13: 136–142; A. Vacquero et al. 2003. Sci. Aging Knowledge Environ. 2003: RE4) — and that does not even include the companion suite of histone modifying enzymes, which exhibit a comparable diversity in both number of complexes and variety of functions (M.J. Carrozza et al. 2003. Trends Genet. 19: 321–329; W. Fischle et al. 2003. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 15: 172–183; M. Iizuka and M.M. Smith. 2003. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 13: 1529–1539). This vast complexity is hardly surprising, given that all nuclear processes that involve DNA — transcription, replication, repair, recombination, sister chromatid cohesion, etc. — must all occur in the context of chromatin. The SWI/SNF-related ATP-dependent remodelers are divided into a number of subfamilies, all related by the SWI2/SNF2 ATPase at their catalytic core. In nearly every species where researchers have looked for them, one or more members of each subfamily have been identified. Even the budding yeast, with its comparatively small genome, contains eight different chromatin remodelers in five different subfamilies. This review will focus on just one subfamily, the Imitation Switch (ISWI) family, which is proving to be one of the most diverse groups of chromatin remodelers in both form and function.

Connection between histone H2A variants and chromatin remodeling complexesThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled CSBMCB’s 51st Annual Meeting – Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Altaf ◽  
Andréanne Auger ◽  
Marcela Covic ◽  
Jacques Côté
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Histone Variants ◽  
Histone H2a ◽  
Chromatin Dynamics ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
And Function

The organization of the eukaryotic genome into chromatin makes it inaccessible to the factors required for gene transcription and DNA replication, recombination, and repair. In addition to histone-modifying enzymes and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, which play key roles in regulating many nuclear processes by altering the chromatin structure, cells have developed a mechanism of modulating chromatin structure by incorporating histone variants. These variants are incorporated into specific regions of the genome throughout the cell cycle. H2A.Z, which is an evolutionarily conserved H2A variant, performs several seemingly unrelated and even contrary functions. Another H2A variant, H2A.X, plays a very important role in the cellular response to DNA damage. This review summarizes the recent developments in our understanding of the role of H2A.Z and H2A.X in the regulation of chromatin structure and function, focusing on their functional links with chromatin modifying and remodeling complexes.

scholarly journals Chromatin remodeling factor CECR2 forms tissue-specific complexes with CCAR2 and LUZP1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshad Niri ◽  
Alaina Terpstra ◽  
Kenji Rowel Quintana Lim ◽  
Heather McDermid
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Neural Tube Closure ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
And Function

Chromatin remodeling complexes alter chromatin structure to control access to DNA and therefore control cellular processes such as transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair. CECR2 is a chromatin remodeling factor that plays an important role in neural tube closure and reproduction. Loss-of-function mutations in Cecr2 result primarily in the perinatal lethal neural tube defect exencephaly, with non-penetrant mice that survive to adulthood exhibiting subfertility. CECR2 forms a complex with ISWI proteins SMARCA5 and/or SMARCA1, but further information on the structure and function of the complex is not known. We therefore have identified candidate components of the CECR2-containing remodeling factor (CERF) complex in embryonic stem (ES) cells through mass spectroscopy. Both SMARCA5 and SMARCA1 were confirmed to be present in CERF complexes in ES cells and testis. However, novel proteins CCAR2 and LUZP1 are CERF components in ES cells but not testis. This tissue specificity in mice suggests these complexes may also have functional differences. Furthermore, LUZP1, loss of which is also associated with exencephaly, appears to play a role in stabilizing the CERF complex in ES cells. Keywords: CECR2, LUZP1, CCAR2, Chromatin remodeling factor, Neural tube defects

scholarly journals Structure and Function of ATP-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling Complexes in Human Cancer

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. SCI-48-SCI-48
Author(s):  
Cigall Kadoch
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor ◽  
Advisory Committees ◽  
Sequencing Studies ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Therapeutic Development ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
And Function

Dr. Cigall Kadoch will discuss how recent exome-and genome-wide sequencing studies in human cancers have unmasked a striking frequency of mutations in the genes encoding subunits of the mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF) family of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes. Her laboratory uses biochemistry, structural biology, systems biology, and genomics-based approaches to define the mechanisms of chromatin and gene regulation carried out by the mSWI/SNF family of chromatin regulators. Specifically, they have studied rare, genetically well-defined pediatric cancers including synovial sarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, malignant rhabdoid tumor and others, all of which involve mSWI/SNF complex perturbations as critical drivers of their oncogenic programs. These studies have informed the diverse mechanisms underlying mSWI/SNF complex targeting and function in a wide array of cancers (including hematologic cancers) and developmental disorders and have provided new foundations for therapeutic development. Disclosures Kadoch: Foghorn Therapeutics: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

scholarly journals The emerging role of ISWI chromatin remodeling complexes in cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Li ◽  
Han Gong ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
Yu Zhu ◽  
Hongling Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
And Function

AbstractDisordered chromatin remodeling regulation has emerged as an essential driving factor for cancers. Imitation switch (ISWI) family are evolutionarily conserved ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, which are essential for cellular survival and function through multiple genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Omics sequencing and a growing number of basic and clinical studies found that ISWI family members displayed widespread gene expression and genetic status abnormalities in human cancer. Their aberrant expression is closely linked to patient outcome and drug response. Functional or componential alteration in ISWI-containing complexes is critical for tumor initiation and development. Furthermore, ISWI-non-coding RNA regulatory networks and some non-coding RNAs derived from exons of ISWI member genes play important roles in tumor progression. Therefore, unveiling the transcriptional regulation mechanism underlying ISWI family sparked a booming interest in finding ISWI-based therapies in cancer. This review aims at describing the current state-of-the-art in the role of ISWI subunits and complexes in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, immunity and drug response, and presenting deep insight into the physiological and pathological implications of the ISWI transcription machinery in cancers.

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