Browning is activated in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue of mice metabolically challenged with a high-fructose diet submitted to high-intensity interval training

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor F. Motta ◽  
Thereza L. Bargut ◽  
Vanessa Souza-Mello ◽  
Marcia B. Aguila ◽  
Carlos A. Mandarim-de-Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals Treating fructose-induced metabolic changes in mice with high-intensity interval training: insights in the liver, white adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor F. Motta ◽  
Thereza L. Bargut ◽  
Marcia B. Aguila ◽  
Carlos A. Mandarim-de-Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Fructose-rich caloric sweeteners induce adverse changes in the metabolism of humans. The study evaluated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on a fructose feeding model, focusing on the liver, white adipose tissue (WAT), skeletal muscle, and their interplay. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed for 18 wk one of the following diets: control (C; 5% of total energy from fructose) or fructose (F; 55% of total energy from fructose). In the 10th week, for an additional 8-wk period, the groups were divided into nontrained (NT) or HIIT groups, totaling four groups: C-NT, C-HIIT, F-NT, and F-HIIT. At the end of the experiment, fructose consumption in the F-NT group led to a high systolic blood pressure, high plasma triglycerides, insulin resistance with glucose intolerance, and lower insulin sensitivity. We also observed liver steatosis, adipocyte hypertrophy, and diminished gene expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α and fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5; irisin) in this F-NT group. These results were accompanied by decreased gene expressions of nuclear respiratory factor 1 and mitochondrial transcription factor A (markers of mitochondrial biogenesis), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (markers of β-oxidation). HIIT improved all of these data in the C-HIIT and F-HIIT groups. In conclusion, in mice fed a fructose diet, HIIT improved body mass, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and plasma triglycerides. Liver, WAT, and skeletal muscle were positively modulated by HIIT, indicating HIIT as a coadjutant treatment for diseases affecting these tissues. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in mice fed a fructose-rich diet and the resulting severe negative effect on the liver, white adipose tissue (WAT), and skeletal muscle, which reduced the expression of fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5, irisin) and PGC1α and, consequently, affected markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and β-oxidation. Because HIIT may block these adverse effects in all of these three tissues, it might be suggested that it functions as a coadjutant treatment in combatting the alterations caused by high-fructose intake.

scholarly journals RESPONSES OF PLASMA ADIPOKINES TO HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Geovani Messias da Silva ◽  
Mariane de Oliveira Sandes ◽  
Francisco Sérgio Lopes Vasconcelos-Filho ◽  
Davi Sousa Rocha ◽  
Roberta Cristina da Rocha-e-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
High Intensity Interval

ABSTRACT Introduction Obesity is one of the major diseases of modern times. However, the explanation for its pathophysiology is recent and has not yet been fully elucidated. White adipose tissue synthesizes and secretes adipokines that affect several pathologies related to obesity. Excessive growth of this tissue results in increased levels of pro-inflammatory adipokines and a consequent decrease in anti-inflammatory adipokines. Nevertheless, most studies use moderate intensity training, limiting the understanding of high intensity interval training in these proteins. Objective To verify the latest information on the effects of HIIT in improving the profile of circulating adipokines. Methods A search was performed on the databases PUBMED, Lilacs, HighWire, BVS and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, with the following keywords: HIIT adipokines, HIIT leptin, HIIT adiponectin. Eleven studies were selected, published in English and Portuguese between 2013 and 2017. Results HIIT proved to be effective in increasing adiponectin in the adolescent population and in Olympic athletes, but this depended on a good prescription parameter and exercise intensity. However, maximum or supramaximal intensities were superior to low and moderate intensities. In turn, leptin presented a significant decrease in response to HIIT due to the reduction of adipose tissue, demonstrating a directly proportional relation. Other adipokines, such as omentin-1 and interleukin-10, also responded positively to HIIT, resulting in improved anti-inflammatory status. Conclusion HIIT proved to be an efficient method to reduce inflammation due to obesity, as well as inducing an improvement in sports performance. However, the effects depend on training volume, intensity and prescription method. Level of evidence I; Therapeutic study–Investigating the results of treatment.

scholarly journals High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 903-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Marcinko ◽  
Sarah R. Sikkema ◽  
M. Constantine Samaan ◽  
Bruce E. Kemp ◽  
Morgan D. Fullerton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals High-intensity interval training and calorie restriction promote remodeling of glucose and lipid metabolism in diet-induced obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (2) ◽  
pp. E243-E256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. H. Davis ◽  
Jacob E. Halbrooks ◽  
Emily E. Watkins ◽  
Gordon Fisher ◽  
Gary R. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Calorie restriction (CR) decreases adiposity, but the magnitude and defense of weight loss is less than predicted due to reductions in total daily energy expenditure (TEE). The purpose of the current investigation was to determine whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would increase markers of sympathetic activation in white adipose tissue (WAT) and rescue CR-mediated reductions in EE to a greater extent than moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training (MIT). Thirty-two 5-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice were placed on ad libitum HFD for 11 wk, followed by randomization to one of four groups ( n = 8/group) for an additional 15 wk: 1) CON (remain on HFD), 2) CR (25% lower energy intake), 3) CR + HIIT (25% energy deficit created by 12.5% CR and 12.5% EE through HIIT), and 4) CR + MIT (25% energy deficit created by 12.5% CR and 12.5% EE through MIT). Markers of adipose thermogenesis ( Ucp1, Prdm16, Dio2, and Fgf21) were unchanged in either exercise group in inguinal or epididymal WAT, whereas CR + HIIT decreased Ucp1 expression in retroperitoneal WAT and brown adipose tissue. HIIT rescued CR-mediated reductions in lean body mass (LBM) and resting energy expenditure (REE), and both were associated with improvements in glucose/insulin tolerance. Improvements in glucose metabolism in the CR + HIIT group appear to be linked to a molecular signature that enhances glucose and lipid storage in skeletal muscle. Exercise performed at either moderate or high intensity does not increase markers of adipose thermogenesis when performed in the presence of CR but remodels skeletal muscle metabolic and thermogenic capacity.

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