scholarly journals High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 903-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Marcinko ◽  
Sarah R. Sikkema ◽  
M. Constantine Samaan ◽  
Bruce E. Kemp ◽  
Morgan D. Fullerton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals RESPONSES OF PLASMA ADIPOKINES TO HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Geovani Messias da Silva ◽  
Mariane de Oliveira Sandes ◽  
Francisco Sérgio Lopes Vasconcelos-Filho ◽  
Davi Sousa Rocha ◽  
Roberta Cristina da Rocha-e-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
High Intensity Interval

ABSTRACT Introduction Obesity is one of the major diseases of modern times. However, the explanation for its pathophysiology is recent and has not yet been fully elucidated. White adipose tissue synthesizes and secretes adipokines that affect several pathologies related to obesity. Excessive growth of this tissue results in increased levels of pro-inflammatory adipokines and a consequent decrease in anti-inflammatory adipokines. Nevertheless, most studies use moderate intensity training, limiting the understanding of high intensity interval training in these proteins. Objective To verify the latest information on the effects of HIIT in improving the profile of circulating adipokines. Methods A search was performed on the databases PUBMED, Lilacs, HighWire, BVS and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, with the following keywords: HIIT adipokines, HIIT leptin, HIIT adiponectin. Eleven studies were selected, published in English and Portuguese between 2013 and 2017. Results HIIT proved to be effective in increasing adiponectin in the adolescent population and in Olympic athletes, but this depended on a good prescription parameter and exercise intensity. However, maximum or supramaximal intensities were superior to low and moderate intensities. In turn, leptin presented a significant decrease in response to HIIT due to the reduction of adipose tissue, demonstrating a directly proportional relation. Other adipokines, such as omentin-1 and interleukin-10, also responded positively to HIIT, resulting in improved anti-inflammatory status. Conclusion HIIT proved to be an efficient method to reduce inflammation due to obesity, as well as inducing an improvement in sports performance. However, the effects depend on training volume, intensity and prescription method. Level of evidence I; Therapeutic study–Investigating the results of treatment.

scholarly journals Moderate-Intensity Exercise and High-Intensity Interval Training Affect Insulin Sensitivity Similarly in Obese Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. e2941-e2959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Ryan ◽  
Michael W Schleh ◽  
Cheehoon Ahn ◽  
Alison C Ludzki ◽  
Jenna B Gillen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Objective We compared the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on insulin sensitivity and other important metabolic adaptations in adults with obesity. Methods Thirty-one inactive adults with obesity (age: 31 ± 6 years; body mass index: 33 ± 3 kg/m2) completed 12 weeks (4 sessions/week) of either HIIT (10 × 1-minute at 90%HRmax, 1-minute active recovery; n = 16) or MICT (45 minutes at 70%HRmax; n = 15). To assess the direct effects of exercise independent of weight/fat loss, participants were required to maintain body mass. Results Training increased peak oxygen uptake by ~10% in both HIIT and MICT (P < 0.0001), and body weight/fat mass were unchanged. Peripheral insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp) was ~20% greater the day after the final exercise session compared to pretraining (P < 0.01), with no difference between HIIT and MICT. When trained participants abstained from exercise for 4 days, insulin sensitivity returned to pretraining levels in both groups. HIIT and MICT also induced similar increases in abundance of many skeletal muscle proteins involved in mitochondrial respiration and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Training-induced alterations in muscle lipid profile were also similar between groups. Conclusion Despite large differences in training intensity and exercise time, 12 weeks of HIIT and MICT induce similar acute improvements in peripheral insulin sensitivity the day after exercise, and similar longer term metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle in adults with obesity. These findings support the notion that the insulin-sensitizing effects of both HIIT and MICT are mediated by factors stemming from the most recent exercise session(s) rather than adaptations that accrue with training.

scholarly journals High-intensity interval training and calorie restriction promote remodeling of glucose and lipid metabolism in diet-induced obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (2) ◽  
pp. E243-E256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. H. Davis ◽  
Jacob E. Halbrooks ◽  
Emily E. Watkins ◽  
Gordon Fisher ◽  
Gary R. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Calorie restriction (CR) decreases adiposity, but the magnitude and defense of weight loss is less than predicted due to reductions in total daily energy expenditure (TEE). The purpose of the current investigation was to determine whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would increase markers of sympathetic activation in white adipose tissue (WAT) and rescue CR-mediated reductions in EE to a greater extent than moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training (MIT). Thirty-two 5-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice were placed on ad libitum HFD for 11 wk, followed by randomization to one of four groups ( n = 8/group) for an additional 15 wk: 1) CON (remain on HFD), 2) CR (25% lower energy intake), 3) CR + HIIT (25% energy deficit created by 12.5% CR and 12.5% EE through HIIT), and 4) CR + MIT (25% energy deficit created by 12.5% CR and 12.5% EE through MIT). Markers of adipose thermogenesis ( Ucp1, Prdm16, Dio2, and Fgf21) were unchanged in either exercise group in inguinal or epididymal WAT, whereas CR + HIIT decreased Ucp1 expression in retroperitoneal WAT and brown adipose tissue. HIIT rescued CR-mediated reductions in lean body mass (LBM) and resting energy expenditure (REE), and both were associated with improvements in glucose/insulin tolerance. Improvements in glucose metabolism in the CR + HIIT group appear to be linked to a molecular signature that enhances glucose and lipid storage in skeletal muscle. Exercise performed at either moderate or high intensity does not increase markers of adipose thermogenesis when performed in the presence of CR but remodels skeletal muscle metabolic and thermogenic capacity.

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