Carbohydrate-restricted diet alters the gut microbiota, promotes senescence and shortens the life span in senescence-accelerated prone mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 108326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqi He ◽  
Qiming Wu ◽  
Nao Hayashi ◽  
Fumika Nakano ◽  
Eriko Nakatsukasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Restricted Diet

scholarly journals Regulation of Life Span by The Gut Microbiota in The Short-Lived African Turquoise Killifish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Smith ◽  
David Willemsen ◽  
Miriam Popkes ◽  
Franziska Metge ◽  
Edson Gandiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Nothobranchius Furzeri ◽  
Vertebrate Model

ABSTRACTGut bacteria occupy the interface between the organism and the external environment, contributing to homeostasis and disease. Yet, the causal role of the gut microbiota during host aging is largely unexplored. Here, using the African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), a naturally short-lived vertebrate, we show that the gut microbiota plays a key role in modulating vertebrate life span. Recolonizing the gut of middle-age individuals with bacteria from young donors resulted in life span extension and delayed behavioral decline. This intervention prevented the decrease in microbial diversity associated with host aging and maintained a young-like gut bacterial community, characterized by overrepresentation of the key genera Exiguobacterium, Planococcus, Propionigenium and Psychrobacter. Our findings demonstrate that the natural microbial gut community of young individuals can causally induce long-lasting beneficial systemic effects that lead to life span extension in a vertebrate model.

Dietary Restriction in Mice Beginning at One Year of Age: Effect on Life-Span and Spontaneous Cancer Incidence

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Weindruch ◽  
Roy L. Walford
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
American Association ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
One Year ◽  
Old Mice

Lifelong dietary restriction beginning at 3 to 6 weeks of age in rodents is known to decelerate the rate of aging, increase mean and maximum life-spans, and inhibit the occurrence of many spontaneous cancers. Little is known about the effects of dietary restriction started in middle age. In the experiments now reported, the food intake of 12- to 13-month-old mice of two long-lived strains was restricted by using nutrient-enriched diets in accordance with the concept of “undernutrition without malnutrition.” The mice on the restricted diet averaged 10 to 20% increases in mean and maximum survival times as compared with the control mice. Spontaneous lymphoma was inhibited by the food restriction. Reproduced with permission from Science . Copyright 1982 American Association for the Advancement of Science. Richard Weindruch, Roy L. Walford, Dietary Restriction in Mice Beginning at One Year of Age: Effect on Life-Span and Spontaneous Cancer Incidence. Science 215 , 1415-1418 (1982).

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Is Linked to Physical Health Improvements Resulting from Energy-Restricted Diet and Exercise: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Shakuntla Gondalia ◽  
Matthew Cooke ◽  
Stephen Keenan ◽  
Regina Belski
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Continuous Energy

Animal studies have demonstrated that energy-restricted diets and exercise affect the gut microbiome and are positively linked to physical health; however, less is known about the impacts of various patterns of dietary restriction combined with exercise on the gut microbiota and associated health outcomes in humans. This study aimed to determine if an energy-restricted diet combined with resistance training altered the gut microbiome, and whether any changes were associated with differences in body composition, dietary intake, or biomarkers of metabolic health. Twenty-six healthy males and females, aged 19–36 years with BMIs of 22–35 kg/m2, were enrolled in a 2-arm parallel, randomized controlled trial and followed either a 5:2 intermittent fasting (IFT, n = 13) or continuous energy restriction (CERT, n = 13) diet combined with supervised resistance training for 12 weeks. Both treatments resulted in decreased body weight and increased lean body mass. Shifts in the abundance of, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a high butyrate producer, was positively associated with changes in lean body mass (IFTp = 0.05, CERTp = 0.01) in both the groups. Moreover, in the CERT group, changes in Coprococcus genus were negatively associated with energy (p = 0.009) and fat intake (p= 0.03) and positively associated with body fat (p = 0.02). Overall, the findings indicate that using resistance training paired with either intermittent or continuous energy restriction, result in similar changes in bacterial diversity and shifts in relative abundance of bacterial taxa. The shift in specific bacterial taxa were positively associated with measures of physical health providing further support to the proposed relationship between energy consumption, exercise, gut microbiota, and physical health.

scholarly journals Regulation of life span by the gut microbiota in the short-lived African turquoise killifish

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Smith ◽  
David Willemsen ◽  
Miriam Popkes ◽  
Franziska Metge ◽  
Edson Gandiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Nothobranchius Furzeri ◽  
Vertebrate Model

Gut bacteria occupy the interface between the organism and the external environment, contributing to homeostasis and disease. Yet, the causal role of the gut microbiota during host aging is largely unexplored. Here, using the African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), a naturally short-lived vertebrate, we show that the gut microbiota plays a key role in modulating vertebrate life span. Recolonizing the gut of middle-age individuals with bacteria from young donors resulted in life span extension and delayed behavioral decline. This intervention prevented the decrease in microbial diversity associated with host aging and maintained a young-like gut bacterial community, characterized by overrepresentation of the key genera Exiguobacterium, Planococcus, Propionigenium and Psychrobacter. Our findings demonstrate that the natural microbial gut community of young individuals can causally induce long-lasting beneficial systemic effects that lead to life span extension in a vertebrate model.

Dietary magnesium deficiency alters gut microbiota and leads to depressive-like behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun Winther ◽  
Betina M Pyndt Jørgensen ◽  
Betina Elfving ◽  
Denis Sandris Nielsen ◽  
Pernille Kihl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Magnesium

ObjectiveGut microbiota (GM) has previously been associated with alterations in rodent behaviour, and since the GM is affected by the diet, the composition of the diet may be an important factor contributing to behavioural changes. Interestingly, a magnesium restricted diet has been shown to induce anxiety and depressive-like behaviour in humans and rodents, and it could be suggested that magnesium deficiency may mediate the effects through an altered GM.MethodsThe present study therefore fed C57BL/6 mice with a standard diet or a magnesium deficient diet (MgD) for 6 weeks, followed by behavioural testing in the forced swim test (FST) to evaluate depressive-like behaviour. An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed 2 day after the FST to assess metabolic alterations. Neuroinflammatory markers were analysed from hippocampus. GM composition was analysed and correlated to the behaviour and hippocampal markers.ResultsIt was found that mice exposed to MgD for 6 weeks were more immobile than control mice in the FST, suggesting an increased depressive-like behaviour. No significant difference was detected in the GTT. GM composition correlated positively with the behaviour of undisturbed C57BL/6 mice, feeding MgD diet altered the microbial composition. The altered GM correlated positively to the hippocampal interleukin-6.ConclusionIn conclusion, we hypothesise that imbalances of the microbiota–gut–brain axis induced by consuming a MgD diet, contributes to the development of depressive-like behaviour.

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